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CONTRADICTION, CRITIQUE, AND DIALECTIC IN ADORNO A ...

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Adorno argues that the same historical developments that a Hegelian would<br />

interpret as a progression in rationality, self-consciousness, and freedom can also be<br />

reconstructed as a history of infinite suffering, irrationality, and unfreedom. In some<br />

places, Adorno goes so far as to say that the only way in which we can say today that<br />

reality is meaningful is in the sense that it can be explained by a narrative of ever greater<br />

domination and violence: the story of progressive mastery over nature. 36 We can hold<br />

human history to be a history of progress only to the extent that we assimilate progress to<br />

the development of an ever more powerful instrumental rationality, which rationality<br />

grows ever more efficient at enabling the domination of nature and human beings. In<br />

Adorno’s words, we can speak of progress only when we speak of the progress “von der<br />

Steinschleuder zur Megabombe” [from the slingshot to the megaton bomb]. 37 But this<br />

view of progress is progress only as the growth of instrumental rationality, and it has<br />

required increasing antagonism, domination, and suffering. The process can thus also be<br />

understood as regression rather than progress.<br />

Universalgeschichte ist zu konstruieren und zu leugnen. Die Behauptung eines in<br />

der Geschichte sich manifestierenden und sie zusammenfassenden Weltplans zum<br />

Besseren wäre nach den Katastrophen und im Angesicht der künftigen zynisch.<br />

Nicht aber ist darum die Einheit zu verleugnen, welche die diskontinuierlichen,<br />

chaotisch zersplitterten Momente und Phasen der Geschichte zusammenschweißt,<br />

die von Naturbeherrschung, fortschreitend in die Herrschaft über Menschen und<br />

schließlich die über inwendige Natur Keine Universalgeschichte führt vom<br />

Wildem zur Humanität, sehr wohl eine von der Steinschleuder zur Megabombe.<br />

Sie endet in der totalen Drohung der organisierten Menschheit gegen die<br />

organisierten Menschen, im Inbegriff von Diskontinuität. Hegel wird dadurch<br />

36 Adorno, Vorlesung über Negative Dialektik, in Nachgelassene Schriften, Vol. 16 (Frankfurt:<br />

Suhrkamp Verlag, 2003), 35. Livingstone’s translation: Adorno, Lectures on Negative Dialectics<br />

(Cambridge: Polity Press, 2008), 19.<br />

1970), 314.<br />

37 Adorno, Negative Dialektik, in Gesammelte Schriften, Vol. 6 (Frankfurt: Suhrkamp Verlag,<br />

38

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