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CONTRADICTION, CRITIQUE, AND DIALECTIC IN ADORNO A ...

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adapt her experience to what is prescribed as the model for that experience. Even<br />

marriage, supposed to be one of the last refuges for non-instrumental relations, has<br />

largely become a contract of self-interested parties, where a deep truth of the arrangement<br />

emerges at the time of divorce with bitter disputes over the distribution of property. 91<br />

The model of exchange relations is ever more deeply ingrained in every aspect of<br />

individual experience. The principle of exchange determines social life in its totality: the<br />

concrete, empirical individual thus seems to be not a self-determining ground of<br />

subjectivity at all, but rather the product of a supra-individual social and economic<br />

structure.<br />

91 See Adorno’s comments on marriage and divorce in Minima Moralia, in Gesammelte Schriften,<br />

Vol. 4 (Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 2003), §10-11, pp. 33-34 Consider the following discussion of how divorce<br />

retrospectively reveals society’s determination of the “private realm” of marriage (§11, pp. 33-34):<br />

Gewährt die Ehe eine der letzten Möglichkeiten, human Zellen im inhumanen Allgemeinen zu<br />

bilden, so rächt das Allgemeine sich in ihrem Zerfall, indem es des scheinbar Ausgenommenen<br />

sich bemachtigt, den entfremdeten Ordnungen von Recht und Eigentum es unterstellt und die<br />

verhöhnt, die davor sich sicher wähnten. Gerade das Behütete wird zum grausamen Requisit des<br />

Preisgegebenseins. Je »großzügiger« die Vermählten ursprünglich ueinander sich verhielten, je<br />

weniger sie an Besitz und Verpflichtung dachten, desto abscheulicher wird die Entwürdigung.<br />

Denn es ist eben der Bereich des rechtlich Undefinierten, in dem Streit, Diffamierung, der endlose<br />

Konflikt der Interessen gedeihen. … Die einmal das gute Allgemeine in der beschränkenden<br />

Zugehörigkeit zueinander erfuhren, werden nun von der Gesellschaft gezwungen, sich für<br />

Schurken zu halten und zu lernen, daß sie dem Allgemeinen der unbeschränkten Gemeinheit<br />

draußen gleichen. Das Allgemeine erweist sich bei der Scheidung als das Schandmal des<br />

Besonderen, weil das Besondere, die Ehe, das wahre Allgemeine in dieser Gesellschaft nicht zu<br />

verwirklichen vermag.<br />

See E.F.N. Jephcott’s translation in Adorno, Minima Moralia (London and New York: Verso, 2005), §11,<br />

pp. 31-32:<br />

If marriage offers one of the last possibilities of forming human cells within universal inhumanity,<br />

the universal takes revenge in the breakdown of marriage, laying hands on what had seemed<br />

excepted from the rule, subjugating it to the alienated orders of right and property and deriding<br />

those who had lived in delusive security. Just what was most protected is cruelly requisitioned<br />

and exposed. The more ‘generous’ the couple had originally been, the less they thought of<br />

possessions and obligations, the more abominable becomes their humiliation. For it is precisely in<br />

the realm of the legally undefined that strife, defamation, and endless conflict of interests flourish.<br />

… Those who once experienced the good universal in restrictively belonging to each other, are<br />

now forced by society to consider themselves scoundrels, no different from the universal order of<br />

unrestricted meanness outside. The universal is revealed in divorce as the particular’s mark of<br />

shame, because the particular, marriage, is in this society unable to realize the true universal.<br />

86

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