The Effects of Sanction Intensity on Criminal Conduct - JDAI Helpdesk
The Effects of Sanction Intensity on Criminal Conduct - JDAI Helpdesk
The Effects of Sanction Intensity on Criminal Conduct - JDAI Helpdesk
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Table 2.14: Frequency <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Recidivism (Drug Offenses, 2-Year Follow-Up)<br />
Zero-Inflated Negative Number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> observati<strong>on</strong>s = 1,559<br />
Binomial Regressi<strong>on</strong> N<strong>on</strong>zero observati<strong>on</strong>s = 148<br />
Zero observati<strong>on</strong>s = 1,411<br />
Inflati<strong>on</strong> model = logit Likelihood Ratio χ 2 (9 d.f.) = 15.07<br />
Log likelihood = -736.235 Pr > χ 2 = .089<br />
Full Model<br />
Incidence<br />
Rate Ratio<br />
S.E. z p<br />
Treatment group .78 .143 -1.38 .169<br />
West probati<strong>on</strong> regi<strong>on</strong> 1.42 .311 1.60 .111<br />
Male 1.53 .379 1.72 .086<br />
White .90 .212 -.45 .655<br />
Age at RA .98 .009 -2.01 .045<br />
Income $20,000-$29,999 .99 .315 -.02 .981<br />
Income $30,000-$39,999 .91 .325 -.27 .785<br />
Income $40,000 or more .57 .244 -1.31 .189<br />
M<strong>on</strong>thly <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fending rate 1 year<br />
pre-RA (charged drug <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>f.)<br />
1.10 .668 .16 .873<br />
Log <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> post-RA m<strong>on</strong>ths at risk [<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fset]<br />
Inflated Model b S.E. z p<br />
Treatment group .032 .192 .16 .870<br />
West probati<strong>on</strong> regi<strong>on</strong> .148 .230 .64 .520<br />
Male -.589 .236 -2.49 .013<br />
White -.242 .243 -.99 .320<br />
Age at RA .029 .010 2.92 .004<br />
Income $20,000-$29,999 .512 .326 1.57 .116<br />
Income $30,000-$39,999 .716 .357 2.01 .045<br />
Income $40,000 or more 1.071 .427 2.51 .012<br />
M<strong>on</strong>thly <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fending rate 1 year<br />
pre-RA (charged drug <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>f.)<br />
-.009 .545 -.02 .987<br />
C<strong>on</strong>stant -2.477 .563 -4.40 .000<br />
Log <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> post-RA m<strong>on</strong>ths at risk [<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fset]<br />
Ln(Alpha) -.473 .331 -1.43 .153<br />
Alpha .623 .206<br />
Vu<strong>on</strong>g test <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> zero-inflated vs. standard negative binomial: z = 5.62, p < .001<br />
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