The Effects of Sanction Intensity on Criminal Conduct - JDAI Helpdesk
The Effects of Sanction Intensity on Criminal Conduct - JDAI Helpdesk
The Effects of Sanction Intensity on Criminal Conduct - JDAI Helpdesk
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Study<br />
Seattle WA<br />
1992<br />
(Petersilia,<br />
Turner, &<br />
Deschenes,<br />
1992b)<br />
Waycross<br />
GA 1992<br />
(Petersilia,<br />
Turner, &<br />
Deschenes,<br />
1992b)<br />
Winchester<br />
VA 1992<br />
(Petersilia,<br />
Turner, &<br />
Deschenes,<br />
1992b)<br />
Philadelphia<br />
PA 1993<br />
(S<strong>on</strong>theimer<br />
&<br />
Goodstein,<br />
1993)<br />
Research<br />
Design<br />
Randomized<br />
c<strong>on</strong>trolled<br />
trial<br />
Randomized<br />
c<strong>on</strong>trolled<br />
trial<br />
Randomized<br />
c<strong>on</strong>trolled<br />
trial<br />
Randomized<br />
c<strong>on</strong>trolled<br />
trial<br />
Populati<strong>on</strong><br />
Fel<strong>on</strong>y drug<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fenders likely<br />
to have high<br />
recidivism and<br />
drug dependent.<br />
Pris<strong>on</strong>ers released<br />
to ISP or<br />
probati<strong>on</strong>ers due<br />
to be revoked and<br />
returned to<br />
pris<strong>on</strong>. Drug<br />
involved, high<br />
risk/need.<br />
High risk<br />
probati<strong>on</strong>ers and<br />
parolees with<br />
drug <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fenses and<br />
history <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> abuse.<br />
Serious juvenile<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fenders<br />
Interventi<strong>on</strong><br />
20:1 caseload. Focus <strong>on</strong><br />
treatment participati<strong>on</strong>,<br />
employment and drug<br />
testing. Initially 12 face-t<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ace<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tacts and 8 drug tests<br />
per m<strong>on</strong>th, gradually<br />
decreasing.<br />
Augmented versi<strong>on</strong> <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
existing ISP with increased<br />
surveillance (increased drug<br />
testing). 40:3 caseload.<br />
Rehabilitati<strong>on</strong>, employment,<br />
drug testing, m<strong>on</strong>itoring <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
activities.<br />
24:1 caseload. Initially 12<br />
face-to-face c<strong>on</strong>tacts, 4<br />
ph<strong>on</strong>e c<strong>on</strong>tacts, 4 m<strong>on</strong>itoring<br />
checks per m<strong>on</strong>th.<br />
Discreti<strong>on</strong>ary drug testing.<br />
Counseling. Halfway house<br />
and detox.<br />
12:1 caseload, weekly<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tact with collateral and<br />
out <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> hours c<strong>on</strong>tacts<br />
mandated. Employment<br />
assistance and educati<strong>on</strong>.<br />
Comparis<strong>on</strong><br />
Routine probati<strong>on</strong><br />
supervisi<strong>on</strong>. 85:1<br />
caseload, 4 face-t<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ace<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tacts per<br />
m<strong>on</strong>th, additi<strong>on</strong>al<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tacts/tests<br />
discreti<strong>on</strong>ary.<br />
Existing ISP.<br />
C<strong>on</strong>tact level same<br />
in both groups: 12<br />
face-to-face and 10<br />
ph<strong>on</strong>e c<strong>on</strong>tacts per<br />
m<strong>on</strong>th, random<br />
drug tests, job<br />
verificati<strong>on</strong> weekly.<br />
Routine<br />
supervisi<strong>on</strong>: 80:1<br />
caseload. 2 face-t<str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>ace<br />
and 2 ph<strong>on</strong>e<br />
c<strong>on</strong>tacts per m<strong>on</strong>th.<br />
Other c<strong>on</strong>tact and<br />
testing<br />
discreti<strong>on</strong>ary.<br />
70-100:1 caseload,<br />
m<strong>on</strong>thly visits,<br />
limited access to<br />
services.<br />
Outcome<br />
Treatment group<br />
more likely to<br />
fail <strong>on</strong> arrests,<br />
technical<br />
violati<strong>on</strong>s,<br />
slightly less <strong>on</strong><br />
c<strong>on</strong>victi<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
Treatment group<br />
more likely to<br />
fail <strong>on</strong> technical<br />
violati<strong>on</strong>s, less<br />
likely <strong>on</strong> arrests.<br />
No c<strong>on</strong>victi<strong>on</strong>s<br />
in either group.<br />
Treatment group<br />
more likely to<br />
fail <strong>on</strong> technical<br />
violati<strong>on</strong>s,<br />
arrests, and<br />
c<strong>on</strong>victi<strong>on</strong>s.<br />
Treatment group<br />
less likely to fail<br />
<strong>on</strong> new arrests.<br />
199