The Effects of Sanction Intensity on Criminal Conduct - JDAI Helpdesk
The Effects of Sanction Intensity on Criminal Conduct - JDAI Helpdesk
The Effects of Sanction Intensity on Criminal Conduct - JDAI Helpdesk
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Instrumental Variables Model: Prevalence <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> Recidivism (All Offenses, 2-Year Follow-<br />
Up, Original Table 2.5)<br />
First Stage<br />
Treatment Take-Up<br />
Reduced Form (ITT)<br />
Post-RA Any Off.<br />
Observati<strong>on</strong>s = 1,559 Observati<strong>on</strong>s = 1,559<br />
R 2 = .655 R 2 = .031<br />
Adjusted R 2 = .651 Adjusted R 2 = .020<br />
Instruments b (S.E.) b (S.E.)<br />
Assigned LIS .823 (.089)*** -.092 (.123)<br />
Assigned LIS*West -.084 (.035)* .027 (.049)<br />
Assigned LIS*Male .015 (.032) -.009 (.044)<br />
Assigned LIS*White -.025 (.038) .036 (.052)<br />
Assigned LIS*Age -.000 (.001) -.000 (.002)<br />
Assigned LIS*Income20 .034 (.058) .080 (.080)<br />
Assigned LIS*Income30 .087 (.061) .091 (.084)<br />
Assigned LIS*Income40 .041 (.067) .071 (.093)<br />
Assigned LIS*Prior <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fending -.034 (.027) .048 (.038)<br />
Exogenous<br />
West probati<strong>on</strong> regi<strong>on</strong> .055 (.025)* -.066 (.035)<br />
Male .004 (.023) .052 (.032)<br />
White .007 (.027) -.009 (.037)<br />
Age at RA .001 (.001) -.004 (.001)**<br />
Income $20,000-$29,999 -.007 (.040) -.094 (.055)<br />
Income $30,000-$39,999 -.013 (.042) -.139 (.059)*<br />
Income $40,000 or more -.005 (.047) -.232 (.065)***<br />
M<strong>on</strong>thly <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fending rate 1 year<br />
pre-RA (any <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fense)<br />
-.004 (.022) -.055 (.031)<br />
C<strong>on</strong>stant -.052 (.064) .509 (.089)***<br />
* p ≤ .05; ** p ≤ .01; *** p ≤ .001.<br />
Sec<strong>on</strong>d-Stage Instrumental Number <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g> observati<strong>on</strong>s = 1,559<br />
Variables Regressi<strong>on</strong> Wald χ 2 (9 d.f.) = 46.13<br />
Pr > χ 2 = .000<br />
Any New Charged Offense R 2 = .028<br />
Term b S. E. Z p<br />
Predicted Treatment Take-up .006 .026 .22 .827<br />
C<strong>on</strong>stant .459 .062 7.45 .000<br />
C<strong>on</strong>trolling for regi<strong>on</strong>, gender, race, age, SES and <str<strong>on</strong>g>of</str<strong>on</strong>g>fending history.<br />
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