ON TESTIS AND EPlDlDYMlS OF RATS - Pondicherry University ...

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of androgen and the cumulative effect of androgenic activity. Epididymal sperm count, viability and motility were studied in order to assess the epididymal function. Serum levels of testosterone and estradiol were measured along with the activities of 3P-hydroxysteroid dehydro~enasc and 17P-hydroxystcroid dehydrogenax in testis in order to assess the status of testicular steroidogensis. Serum levels of FSH, LH and prolactin were determined to evaluate the hormonal status after TCDD exposure. Production of superoxide anion, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide were determined in testis as well as in the epididymal sperm and epididymis in order to assess the levels of reactive oxygen species in tissues. Determination of the levels of glutathione, a-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione rcductase and glutathione peroxidase in testis, epididymal sperm and epididymis were determined to assess the antioxidant system. Co-administration of TCDD and vitamin E was done in order to assess if vitamin E provides any protective effects against TCDD-induced toxicity.
3 MATERIALS AND METHODS 3.1 Animals Male rats of Wistar strain obtained from the Central Animal House, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry were used in the study. 3.2 Maintenance Animals were housed in polypropylene cages ( l8x 10"x 8") lined with paddy husk. under a well regulated light and dark (l2h: 12h) scheduled. Rats were fed with pelleted food (Kamedhenu Agencies. Bangalore, India) and water ad libitum. Growth of'the animals was monitored regularly and animals displaying poor growth rate were discarded from the experiments. 3.3 Chemicals 2.3.7.8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) was a gift from Dr. Stefen Safe, Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Public Health. A & M University, Texas. USA. Trichloroacetic acid, dehydrocpiandrosterone and androsterone 3, 17-dione were purchased from Sigma Chemical Company, MO, USA. Thiobarbituric acid and malondialdehyde were obtained from E-Merck, Germany. For hormone assays. ELSA kits were obtained from Diagnostic Systems Laboratories, Inc. Webster, Texas, USA. Ham's F12 medium, vitamin E (DL-tocopherol, 99%), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), niwtinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced (NADH), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate WADP), bovine =rum albumin (BSA), deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). ribonucleic acid (RNA) and 2,6dichlorophenol indophenol (DCPIP) were obtained from Himedia Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced (NADPH) and N-(I-naphthyl) ethylene diamine di-hydrochloride were
Page 1 and 2: FUNCTIONAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS O
Page 3 and 4: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No ACKNOWLED
Page 7 and 8: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Deter
Page 9 and 10: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Effec
Page 11 and 12: TAULIC OF CON'I'ISN'I'S (C'untinued
Page 13 and 14: xi LIST OF TABLES (Continued) I'agc
Page 15 and 16: Table 24a Table 24b Table 24c Table
Page 17 and 18: Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Effect of TCDD on the
Page 19 and 20: Fig. 12c Fig. 12d Fig. 13 Fig. 14a
Page 21 and 22: LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Fig. 23
Page 23 and 24: LH M PL mg mRNA N AD NADH NADP NADP
Page 25 and 26: layers, an outer layer of visceral
Page 27 and 28: tubular epithelium and continually
Page 29 and 30: lmn~unization of monkeys against FS
Page 31 and 32: and this reaction is catalyzed by t
Page 33 and 34: extratubular environment or synthes
Page 35 and 36: the most active in protein secretio
Page 37 and 38: 1958). A rapid fall in serum testos
Page 39 and 40: have also been reported in the rats
Page 41 and 42: Effect of TCDD on heart muscle has
Page 43 and 44: 1.4 Effect of oxidative stress on m
Page 45: 2 SCOPE OF THE PRESENT STUDY There
Page 49 and 50: Subgroup III: Administration of TCD
Page 51 and 52: choppcd with the help of sharp razo
Page 53 and 54: anti-FSH antibody. After incubation
Page 55 and 56: lust sped (500 to 700 rpm) on an or
Page 57 and 58: 3.13.4 Quantitative determinntiun u
Page 59 and 60: The plates were dried by inverting
Page 61 and 62: centrifuged at 3,500 g for I5 min o
Page 63 and 64: 3.17 Preparation of tiasue humogena
Page 65 and 66: supcrnutant was taken. Hlunk was pr
Page 67 and 68: 3.21.4 Assay of glutathione peroxid
Page 69: 4 RESULTS 4.1 Administration of TCD
Page 72 and 73: seminiferous tubules was found to b
Page 74 and 75: fractions of rat testis as compared
Page 76 and 77: 4.1.11.1 Effect of TCDD on the prod
Page 78 and 79: 4.2 Co-administration of TCDD and v
Page 80 and 81: 4.2.8 Effect of co-administration o
Page 82 and 83: 4.2.11.5 Effect of co-administratio
Page 84 and 85: Table I b. Effect of TCDD on the we
Page 86 and 87: Table 4. Effect of TCDD on the seru
Page 88 and 89: Table 7b. Effect of TCDD on the pro
Page 90 and 91: Table 8c. Effect of TCDD on the lev
Page 92 and 93: Table 9d. Effect of TCDD on the act
Page 94 and 95: Table 13. Effect of TCDD on the ant
Page 96 and 97:
Table 15. Effect of TCDD on the lev
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Table 16c. Effcct of TCDD on the an
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Table 18a. Effect of co-administrat
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Table 21. Effect of co-administrati
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Table 24b. Effect of co-administrat
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Table 25c. Effect of co-administrat
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Table 26d. Effect of co-administrat
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Table 30. Effect of co-administrati
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Table 32. Effect of caadrninistrati
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Table 33c. Effcct of co-administrut
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5 DISCUSSION 5.1 Significance of th
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Measurement of weights of the acces
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compartment of the cells (Chainy el
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the reduction in daily sperm produc
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eported in the TCDD-treated rats (M
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lilnction is to ililcrccpt lipid pc
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in the animals administered with TC
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protective effects on serum testost
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suygcstccl that vivamin 1: conld im
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Fig.4~. ENect of TCDD or TCDD and v
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tE W d In w it I I (,OCX) 3s PUB (,
Page 142 and 143:
Fig. 7c. Effect of TCDD or TCDD and
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u 3 f ~ = m w * N O .- ~Slew aew en
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Fig.lOb. ENmt of TCDD or TCDD and v
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Fig. 1Ir Effect of TCDD or TCDD md
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Fig. 14c. Effect of TCDD or TCDD an
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Fig. 16b. Effect of TCDD or TCDD an
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Fig.18~. EKect of TCDD or TCDD and
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1 1.2 l4 Fig. 19b. ENect of TCDD or
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Fig. ZOb. Elkt of TCDD or TCDD and
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Fig. 21. Effect olTCDD or TCDD and
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Fig. 22c. Effect of TCDD or TCDD an
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Fig. 24b. Eflect ofTCDD or TCDD and
Page 177 and 178:
7 REFERENCES Aitken RJ, Irvine DS,
Page 179 and 180:
Chitm KC, Latchoumycandanc,C, Mathu
Page 181 and 182:
Flsher JS, Turner KJ, Brown D, Shar
Page 183 and 184:
Hornsby PJ. Regulation of cytochrom
Page 185 and 186:
Latcboumycandane C, Chitra KC, Math
Page 187 and 188:
Moore RW, Panona JA, Bookstaff RC,
Page 189 and 190:
Rommerts FFG, Cooke BA, Van Der Kem
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Slaunwhite WR, Burgett MJ. h virro
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1.1 Preparation of dosing solution
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1.4.6 Wash concentrate One bottle,
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1.7.3 Estradiol controls Two vials.
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1.1 1.2 Orcinol(6%) 6 g of orcinol
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1.16.2 Horseradish peroxidase (8 Un
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1.20 Superoxide dismutase 1.20.1 Tr
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1.24.2 Thiobarbituric acid (TBA; 0.
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Chronic effect: of enclosulfan on t
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enbw1h1.W mu IUY Wcab unpiliml~t at
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cbniuis 11~11 b"nci:~lc ~wlive oxyg
Page 214 and 215:
DNA, RNA ;uxl Wcin wcrr abarval, wh
Page 216 and 217:
Mt~~m(10-lZsu&)vacob- Wfmn Ihehml ~
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New Delhi, llrliil Ib SCI~KK Rcm& M
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tiii~lc rcprmluction or rut (Cllitr
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wciglit (b.wt.) per day for 45 days
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0.1 00 01 " 0.8 I . .lo Dl* rcnn IW
Page 226 and 227:
Chilr:~. K.C.. L!olnn!myci!~dum. C.
Page 228 and 229:
C. hteboumyeradlos . KC. CMtn . P.P
Page 230 and 231:
I. 1 Ilal 01 2 1.7 # I c I ~ ~ L I
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Fin. L Corrclatwn bclwfcn "perm cou
Page 235:
Iionshii nepmdvctivc mxicity ad upt
Page 240 and 241:
o. Glutathione reductage mg pmWn mg
Page 242 and 243:
IOWAME -. Tor. #558517 PME: 9 SESS:
Page 244 and 245:
JOBNAME: Rqm. Tm. M5W7 PAOB: 11 SBS
Page 246 and 247:
t 02 ELSEVIER Toricology OM) (2W1)
Page 248 and 249:
---- - wcre obtu~ncd from E-Monk. G
Page 250:
3.2. A,III~AILNI syrlo~t of ,nIroch
Page 253 and 254:
Uc,#!dy. SC. N;tdcru. S , 1% Conlrb
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