413047-Underground-Commercial-Sex-Economy

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Appendix J Stakeholder Informed Consent Form Estimating the Unlawful Commercial Sex Economy in the United States INTRODUCTION AND INFORMED CONSENT FORM Hello, my name is _______________ and I represent The Urban Institute, a nonprofit research organization in Washington, DC. Researchers at the Urban Institute’s Justice Policy Center and John Jay College have been tasked by the Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice to measure the scope and structure of the unlawful commercial sex economy (UCSE) in the U.S. Study findings will help us to close the gap in our understanding of the nature of UCSE activities and their extent. We would like to invite you to be interviewed as part of this research study. The interview will last approximately one hour and includes questions about your involvement in the investigation and prosecution of closed UCSE cases in your jurisdiction. I am asking for your consent to be interviewed as a primary stakeholder. It is important to understand: 1. You do not have to participate. Your decision on whether or not to participate will never be made known to anyone, not even program staff. 2. You may stop participating in the study anytime. If you participate in this research, we promise you the following things: Confidentiality. Everything you report on any interview will be kept in strictest confidence. Only the people doing the research will see any information that identifies you personally. Your name will never be used in any report. The answers you provide during an interview will be combined with answers from many individuals and will be reported in the aggregate without a link to your name. However, because there are a limited number of law enforcement, prosecutors and public defenders that work on cases related to the UCSE in your jurisdiction, it is possible for someone to deductively determine who was potentially interviewed for the purposes of this study. Everyone who works on this study has signed a Pledge of Confidentiality requiring them not to tell anyone outside the research staff anything you tell the researchers. The only exception is if you tell the interviewer about your intention to harm yourself or commit a specific crime against someone else it may have to be reported. All information you provide to us is protected by federal statute. That statute protects all information we have about you from being turned over to anyone, even if ordered by a court, without your consent. That is, all information will be kept private like a medical record. 335
Voluntary Participation. You may refuse to answer any questions. You may stop the interview at any time. If you have any questions about the study, you can call collect to William Adams, the Project Director, (202) 261- 5506 or write to him at The Urban Institute, 2100 M Street, NW, Washington, DC 20037. There are no foreseeable risks to you for taking part in this study other than the possibility of someone deductively determining who was potentially interviewed for this study. There are no direct benefits to you for participating in the study. However, the results of this interview as well as the others will help us measure the scope and scale of the unlawful commercial sex economy in the U.S. The decision to participate in this research project is up to you. You do not have to participate and you can refuse to answer any question. Even if you begin the study, you may withdraw at any time. I am signing this form to show that I have read you this information and have promised confidentiality. If you agree to participate, please sign this form to show that I have explained this information to you and you agree to be interviewed. ________________________________________________________ Interviewer's Signature and Date I consent to participate in this study. I understand that my participation is voluntary and information on my participation will not be known to anyone. I understand that I can stop participating at any time or refuse to answer questions in any interview. Please check one: ___ I agree to the interview being audio-taped ___ I do not agree to the interview being audio-taped Name_________________________________________ (PLEASE PRINT) Signature_______________________________________ Date _______________ 336
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R E S E A R C H R E P O R T M A R C
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Table of Contents Executive Summary
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Introduction and Review of the Lite
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Market Changes ....................
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Appendix G ........................
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Main Findings We highlight 17 main
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6. For offenders, the prevalence of
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Chapter 1 Introduction Purpose of t
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information about populations that
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In chapters three through eight, we
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seven sites were finalized in June
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individuals we wanted to interview.
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a total of 142 sex traffickers/pimp
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using interview data for the relati
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Table 2.2 Proxy Variables Dataset V
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Chapter 3 Methodology and Derivatio
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We also looked to estimates of the
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In this work, the LoCC will be invo
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1.2.1. Linear Proxy We say that a v
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Table 3.2 Number of Sex Proxy ( ) R
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direct estimation method applied to
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in column 3 of the table below. The
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1.2.4. Linear Proxy We followed the
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1.4. The Linear Program 1.4.1. Sex
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Table 3.12 Cross-City Sex Proxy Rat
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Note that the entries in the tables
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1.4.7. Techniques for Solving the L
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Where the above table shows actual
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1.6.3. Guns Economy Rankings Here w
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The table suggests that three citie
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Chapter 4 Stakeholder Perspectives
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Main Findings from this Chapter Inc
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Brothels Law enforcement reported t
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The other thing we do have is in th
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Dallas, Texas Fifteen individuals w
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Table 4.2. Continued Erotic massage
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that we’ve done because when we
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Although African American men compr
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I think what we are really talking
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actually go to them to find you wha
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Truckers The underground commercial
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Street and Internet Similar to othe
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Street/Internet-based pimps are net
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Figure 4.4 Erotic Massage Parlors i
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promising sign that law enforcement
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On the Latino brothel front we foun
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Street Street-based commercial sex
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majority of prostitutes. That does
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potential paper trail. Money was re
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Kansas City, Missouri Sixteen indiv
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Internet and Street Similar to what
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Pimps have always been mobile, movi
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San Diego, California Eighteen indi
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Street and Internet Similar to the
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are not documented by the police as
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always look for the most vulnerable
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hotels in their name … they have
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eliminated from having to follow a
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the room is, so it a three bedroom
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Street and Internet Seattle, like m
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Most of the gang members involved i
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Erotic Massage Parlors and Spas The
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getting a ticket in Lynnwood for no
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Table 4.8 Stakeholder Perceptions o
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need to be followed and pimps opera
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Erotic Massage Parlors Another prim
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typically between the ages of 16 an
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Chapter 5 Identity, Entry, and Risk
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Respondent Demographics Respondents
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presence of pimping in music and it
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Respondents distinguished between d
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Figure 5.5 Family Member Involvemen
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Multiple factors related to neighbo
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wanted me to know. She fed me the g
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mom. I wanted to go about it a diff
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Hiding Behind Legal Businesses Lega
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Another female interviewee, serving
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Chapter 6 Networks, Relationships,
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Actors in the Underground Sex Marke
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everything. I collected the money,
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they’ve made enough. That’s wha
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eally nice—not whorish—I’d ha
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Respondent: Right. I got a friend,
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affording a fancy lifestyle. Offend
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Figure 6.1 Recruitment Venues Neigh
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e escaping one life or seeking anot
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Mutual Dependency We are going to t
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money. I took care of who took care
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Rules One bad girl can knock your w
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Reasons for restrictions varied, bu
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encourage his employees to make mon
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have sex with each other when a con
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Competition Between Employees We ca
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little partner pull a gun on me. I
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Beyond employees, pimps shared othe
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pimp reported, “Usually you stay
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(D13). Another respondent reported
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Chapter 7 Business Practices and Op
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7.1 presents the percentage of resp
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eported the costs of maintaining he
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hour special. In-calls only.” You
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used because respondents feared tha
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Rates and Pricing Structures Rates
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One respondent explained the evolut
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Finally, respondents also charged d
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transactions completed were in-call
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associated with their charges, thou
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Changes in the Field The field does
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“Years ago, a john, a certain guy
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connected through the same gang. Th
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Main Findings from this Chapter Inc
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clients, served as a coping mechani
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Respondents worked in five of the e
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gays being together, men treating t
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multitude of environments including
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Rates, Expenses, and Spending Those
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individuals in their social network
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The Makeup and Conditions of the St
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Interviewer: You mentioned that wha
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Interviewer: And was that in cash o
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Demand, Clients, and Establishing D
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new venue to solicit sex work. A mo
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Respondent: Yeah, illegal. They mak
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explained, “A lot of guys would g
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Substances Participants felt that t
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A number of sex workers were caught
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I hear [other sex workers] talking
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while another respondent described
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the genital regions of clothed chil
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Recent studies (Merdian et al. 2013
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Technology It is widely accepted th
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Deep Web There is big problem that
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One offender acknowledged that purc
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The sample was almost evenly split
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One offender believed he knew what
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particular series When did this com
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One guy hacked into my computer one
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Production Location When asked wher
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availability, affordability, and an
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and eventually, it works its way to
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Law enforcement said they were able
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A national or international nexus w
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Table 10.1 Estimates of Illicit Mar
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Law enforcement noted that travel c
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Page 295 and 296: Pimps who were aware of the penalti
Page 297 and 298: Practice Implications Investigative
Page 299 and 300: Policy Implications As the above fi
Page 301 and 302: Finding 6: For offenders, the preva
Page 303 and 304: child pornography. More research ne
Page 305 and 306: Cooper, Bo. 2002. “New Approach t
Page 307 and 308: McMillan, John, and Pablo Zoido. 20
Page 309 and 310: US Department of Justice. 2010. The
Page 311 and 312: Appendix B Screening Interview Ques
Page 313 and 314: 1. How many UCS cases has your agen
Page 315 and 316: 8. How has the UCSE changed in rece
Page 317 and 318: If you have any additional question
Page 319 and 320: 18:2421 Transportation generally 18
Page 321 and 322: these case reviews as supplementing
Page 323 and 324: Point-person designation The person
Page 325 and 326: Voluntary Participation: You may re
Page 327 and 328: Part I: Background information 1. W
Page 329 and 330: Part II: Specific Case Questions (P
Page 331 and 332: a. If yes, how did you learn about
Page 333 and 334: Part I: Background information 46.
Page 335 and 336: 70. Are there any differences in th
Page 337 and 338: 89. Are you aware of the prosecutor
Page 339 and 340: 19. Who did what How was that decid
Page 341 and 342: Technology Questions These question
Page 343: discuss new or unprosecuted crimina
Page 347 and 348: Appendix L Terminology Blade: A pub
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