413047-Underground-Commercial-Sex-Economy

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Table 4.2 Stakeholder Perceptions of the UCSE in Dallas, TX Venue Offender profile Employee profile Evidence of prostitution Evidence of trafficking Pricing Open/ Closed customer base Customer profile Link to gangs, drugs, weapons, or organized crime Street US citizens (some generational pimps) Drug-addicted, non-pimpcontrolled men and women Women and minors X $5–10 Open Men of all races/ethnicities X $60/oral sex $120/sexual intercourse Open Men of all races/ethnicities Drug addiction among sex workers Pimps may be current or former drug dealers Pimps may be gang members Internet Brothels US citizens (some generational pimps) Latino men and women Women and minors; pimp controlled and non Latina women primarily from Central America X X X X a $60/oral sex $120/sexual intercourse $20–25/15 min. (half to brothel owner, half to sex worker) Open Closed (restricted by ethnicity) Men of all races/ethnicities Latino men targeted by brothels through hand delivery of “business cards” advertising fake businesses with brothel phone number Pimps may be current or former drug dealers Pimps may be gang members Some brothels found to be drug trafficking methamphetamine, cocaine, and ecstasy Range of loosely organized local brothels to highly networked brothels with ties across country Challenging for law enforcement to trace back recruitment to other countries 65
Table 4.2. Continued Erotic massage parlors Chinese and Korean men and women b Women from Thailand and the Philippines X X $60–100/house fee + fee for sexual service (if pimp-controlled, all goes to pimp; if Asianoperated, half goes to brothel owner and half goes to sex worker (unless worker is working off smuggling debt then all goes to brothel) + tips (if trafficked don’t keep, non-trafficked keep) Open Men of all races/ethnicities (many networked socially through online “erotic massage parlor” review boards) Highly organized–women working in massage parlors are rotated on a circuit–mostly from Dallas, TX to Flushing, NY; Seattle, WA; San Francisco and Los Angeles, CA; Philadelphia, PA; and Atlanta, GA Some massage parlors involved in drug trafficking No weapons/gangs link Topless bars Escort services Russian men Madam or individually operated Unknown – thought to be Eastern European women Women X X Unknown $500/hr. $4,500/night Closedlegalized commercial sex establishme nt Closed Russian/Eastern European men Wealthier men, must have recommendations and passwords Believed to be more highly organized than the Asian massage parlors and internationally connected–law enforcement unable to infiltrate due to resource, and language barriers Law enforcement does not prioritize for investigation because they do not believe escort services are connected to Part I offenses, and resource and operational restrictions make it difficult to infiltrate a Law enforcement believes there is trafficking, but so far has been unable to prove it. b Unique to Dallas, non-Asian pimps operate some massage parlors and/or rent rooms from Asian owners 66
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R E S E A R C H R E P O R T M A R C
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Table of Contents Executive Summary
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Introduction and Review of the Lite
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Market Changes ....................
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Appendix G ........................
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Main Findings We highlight 17 main
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6. For offenders, the prevalence of
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Chapter 1 Introduction Purpose of t
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information about populations that
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In chapters three through eight, we
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seven sites were finalized in June
Page 23 and 24: individuals we wanted to interview.
Page 25 and 26: a total of 142 sex traffickers/pimp
Page 27 and 28: using interview data for the relati
Page 29 and 30: Table 2.2 Proxy Variables Dataset V
Page 31 and 32: Chapter 3 Methodology and Derivatio
Page 33 and 34: We also looked to estimates of the
Page 35 and 36: In this work, the LoCC will be invo
Page 37 and 38: 1.2.1. Linear Proxy We say that a v
Page 39 and 40: Table 3.2 Number of Sex Proxy ( ) R
Page 41 and 42: direct estimation method applied to
Page 43 and 44: in column 3 of the table below. The
Page 45 and 46: 1.2.4. Linear Proxy We followed the
Page 47 and 48: 1.4. The Linear Program 1.4.1. Sex
Page 49 and 50: Table 3.12 Cross-City Sex Proxy Rat
Page 51 and 52: Note that the entries in the tables
Page 57 and 58: 1.4.7. Techniques for Solving the L
Page 59 and 60: Where the above table shows actual
Page 61 and 62: 1.6.3. Guns Economy Rankings Here w
Page 63 and 64: The table suggests that three citie
Page 65 and 66: Chapter 4 Stakeholder Perspectives
Page 67 and 68: Main Findings from this Chapter Inc
Page 69 and 70: Brothels Law enforcement reported t
Page 71 and 72: The other thing we do have is in th
Page 73: Dallas, Texas Fifteen individuals w
Page 77 and 78: that we’ve done because when we
Page 79 and 80: Although African American men compr
Page 81 and 82: I think what we are really talking
Page 83 and 84: actually go to them to find you wha
Page 85 and 86: Truckers The underground commercial
Page 87 and 88: Street and Internet Similar to othe
Page 89 and 90: Street/Internet-based pimps are net
Page 91 and 92: Figure 4.4 Erotic Massage Parlors i
Page 93 and 94: promising sign that law enforcement
Page 95 and 96: On the Latino brothel front we foun
Page 97 and 98: Street Street-based commercial sex
Page 99 and 100: majority of prostitutes. That does
Page 101 and 102: potential paper trail. Money was re
Page 103 and 104: Kansas City, Missouri Sixteen indiv
Page 105 and 106: Internet and Street Similar to what
Page 107 and 108: Pimps have always been mobile, movi
Page 109 and 110: San Diego, California Eighteen indi
Page 111 and 112: Street and Internet Similar to the
Page 113 and 114: are not documented by the police as
Page 115 and 116: always look for the most vulnerable
Page 117 and 118: hotels in their name … they have
Page 119 and 120: eliminated from having to follow a
Page 121 and 122: the room is, so it a three bedroom
Page 123 and 124: Street and Internet Seattle, like m
Page 125 and 126:
Most of the gang members involved i
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Erotic Massage Parlors and Spas The
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getting a ticket in Lynnwood for no
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Table 4.8 Stakeholder Perceptions o
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need to be followed and pimps opera
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Erotic Massage Parlors Another prim
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typically between the ages of 16 an
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Chapter 5 Identity, Entry, and Risk
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Respondent Demographics Respondents
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presence of pimping in music and it
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Respondents distinguished between d
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Figure 5.5 Family Member Involvemen
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Multiple factors related to neighbo
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wanted me to know. She fed me the g
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mom. I wanted to go about it a diff
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Hiding Behind Legal Businesses Lega
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Another female interviewee, serving
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Chapter 6 Networks, Relationships,
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Actors in the Underground Sex Marke
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everything. I collected the money,
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they’ve made enough. That’s wha
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eally nice—not whorish—I’d ha
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Respondent: Right. I got a friend,
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affording a fancy lifestyle. Offend
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Figure 6.1 Recruitment Venues Neigh
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e escaping one life or seeking anot
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Mutual Dependency We are going to t
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money. I took care of who took care
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Rules One bad girl can knock your w
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Reasons for restrictions varied, bu
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encourage his employees to make mon
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have sex with each other when a con
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Competition Between Employees We ca
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little partner pull a gun on me. I
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Beyond employees, pimps shared othe
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pimp reported, “Usually you stay
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(D13). Another respondent reported
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Chapter 7 Business Practices and Op
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7.1 presents the percentage of resp
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eported the costs of maintaining he
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hour special. In-calls only.” You
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used because respondents feared tha
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Rates and Pricing Structures Rates
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One respondent explained the evolut
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Finally, respondents also charged d
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transactions completed were in-call
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associated with their charges, thou
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Changes in the Field The field does
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“Years ago, a john, a certain guy
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connected through the same gang. Th
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Main Findings from this Chapter Inc
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clients, served as a coping mechani
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Respondents worked in five of the e
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gays being together, men treating t
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multitude of environments including
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Rates, Expenses, and Spending Those
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individuals in their social network
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The Makeup and Conditions of the St
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Interviewer: You mentioned that wha
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Interviewer: And was that in cash o
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Demand, Clients, and Establishing D
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new venue to solicit sex work. A mo
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Respondent: Yeah, illegal. They mak
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explained, “A lot of guys would g
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Substances Participants felt that t
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A number of sex workers were caught
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I hear [other sex workers] talking
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while another respondent described
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the genital regions of clothed chil
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Recent studies (Merdian et al. 2013
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Technology It is widely accepted th
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Deep Web There is big problem that
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One offender acknowledged that purc
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The sample was almost evenly split
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One offender believed he knew what
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particular series When did this com
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One guy hacked into my computer one
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Production Location When asked wher
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availability, affordability, and an
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and eventually, it works its way to
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Law enforcement said they were able
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A national or international nexus w
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Table 10.1 Estimates of Illicit Mar
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Law enforcement noted that travel c
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in public venues, utilized their ow
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Pimps who were aware of the penalti
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Practice Implications Investigative
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Policy Implications As the above fi
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Finding 6: For offenders, the preva
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child pornography. More research ne
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Cooper, Bo. 2002. “New Approach t
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McMillan, John, and Pablo Zoido. 20
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US Department of Justice. 2010. The
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Appendix B Screening Interview Ques
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1. How many UCS cases has your agen
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8. How has the UCSE changed in rece
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If you have any additional question
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18:2421 Transportation generally 18
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these case reviews as supplementing
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Point-person designation The person
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Voluntary Participation: You may re
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Part I: Background information 1. W
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Part II: Specific Case Questions (P
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a. If yes, how did you learn about
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Part I: Background information 46.
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70. Are there any differences in th
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89. Are you aware of the prosecutor
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19. Who did what How was that decid
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Technology Questions These question
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discuss new or unprosecuted crimina
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Voluntary Participation. You may re
Page 347 and 348:
Appendix L Terminology Blade: A pub
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