Adapting to Climate Change: Assessing the World Bank Group ...

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CHAPTER 1CONTEXT AND APPROACHthe full arsenal of evaluation techniques, including impact evaluation. In contrast, itcould be a long wait to see whether a dam withstands the 500-year flood for which itwas designed, or whether a coastal zone management project makes a coral reefmore resilient to the sea temperatures of the 2030s. For adaptation to extreme orlong-term risks, evaluation has to rely on checking the plausibility of the logicalframework and project design, and on checking whether intermediate outcomeshave been achieved. For capacity building, it is necessary to rely on measures ofinstitutional effectiveness or capability (Table 1.3 summarizes).PORTFOLIO ANALYSIS1.24 Given both the conceptual difficulty of distinguishing climate adaptationfrom development, and the Bank Group’s lack of fine-grained categorization ofprojects and studies, this evaluation does not attempt a comprehensive measure ofthe Bank Group’s adaptation expenditure or effort. It does include the followingissue-focused assessments: Review of outcomes of selected sustainable land and water management,watershed management, and drought management projects, FY98-FY11[chapter 3] Review of FY08-11 disaster projects; flood project implementation completionreports (ICRs) FY01-FY11 [chapter 3] Degree of consideration of climate risks in investment project design in allWorld Bank investments in FY11 and IFC investments in climate-sensitivesectors FY05-FY11) [chapter 2] Hydropower projects appraised FY08-FY11 [chapter 4] Biodiversity projects appraised FY09-FY11 [chapter 5] Completed national-level explicit adaptation projects [chapter 2] Extent of substantive inclusion of climate adaptation in CASs. [chapter 2]Specific evaluation methodologies are discussed in the respective chapters.1.25 Country visits were made, in connection with this evaluation, to Barbados,Belize, Cambodia, Colombia, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lao People’s DemocraticRepublic (PDR), St. Lucia, South Africa, and Vietnam.9
CHAPTER 1CONTEXT AND APPROACHTable 1.3. Typology of Evaluation Approaches to Adaptation ActivitiesType ofactivityACV forchronic risksACV forextremeeventsACCCapacitybuilding forindividualsandinstitutions,informationprovision,planningSource: IEG.Scope ofassessmentOutcome andimpacts ofcompleted orlong-runningactivities:adaptation“analogs”Project andprogramdesignProject andprogramdesignOutputs andintermediateoutcomesType of assessment Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4Impact assessmentand sustainability(longevity); objectiveorientedassessmentof relevance, efficacy,and efficiency;assessment ofrobustness of designto climate changeQuality of climatevulnerability analysis;design relevance andlogical framework;appropriateness ofuse of climateprojections;achievement andcost-effectiveness ofoutputs andintermediateoutcomesFor example, hascapacity been builtand used; isinformation reliableand is it beingappropriately applied;are plans beingimplemented?Institutions forplanning andimplementinglong-run climateadaptation atthe national andregional levelRainfedagriculture;irrigatedagriculture;weather indexinsurance;disaster riskmanagementDisaster riskmanagementExtensionservices foragriculture in achangingclimate;drought reliefinstitutionsIncorporationof climatechange risks inproject designand appraisalof investmentprojectsLong-termanticipatoryACC projects10
Page 1 and 2: Adapting to Climate Change:Assessin
Page 4 and 5: ContentsGLOSSARY ..................
Page 6 and 7: CONTENTSBoxesthe role of IFC ......
Page 8: AbbreviationsACCACVCCCCCCCCCTCDMCEI
Page 11 and 12: GLOSSARYClimate variability: Variat
Page 13 and 14: GLOSSARYSustainable land management
Page 16: AcknowledgmentsThis evaluation was
Page 19 and 20: STATEMENT OF THE EXTERNAL ADVISORY
Page 21 and 22: STATEMENT OF THE EXTERNAL ADVISORY
Page 23 and 24: OVERVIEWClimate adaptation comprise
Page 25 and 26: OVERVIEWfor others. Another approac
Page 27 and 28: OVERVIEWcoffee, may require infrast
Page 29 and 30: OVERVIEWscale pilot projects, asses
Page 32 and 33: Management ResponseIntroductionWorl
Page 34 and 35: MANAGEMENT RESPONSEare. The Bank wi
Page 36: MANAGEMENT RESPONSEweighting or pro
Page 39 and 40: ANNEX 1MANAGEMENT ACTION RECORD MAT
Page 41 and 42: ANNEX 1MANAGEMENT ACTION RECORD MAT
Page 44 and 45: 1. Context and ApproachHighlights C
Page 46 and 47: CHAPTER 1CONTEXT AND APPROACHOften
Page 48 and 49: CHAPTER 1CONTEXT AND APPROACHbut wo
Page 50 and 51: CHAPTER 1CONTEXT AND APPROACHAntici
Page 54 and 55: 2. Climate Adaptation at the World
Page 56 and 57: CHAPTER 2ADAPTATION AT THE BANK GRO
Page 74 and 75: 3. Dealing with Climate Variability
Page 76 and 77: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITY3.3 Cli
Page 78 and 79: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITYBox 3-1
Page 80 and 81: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITYRESEARC
Page 82 and 83: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITY1999 (L
Page 84 and 85: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITYBox 3-4
Page 86 and 87: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITY3.34 An
Page 88 and 89: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITYto incr
Page 90 and 91: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITYdisaste
Page 92 and 93: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITYTHE BAN
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CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITYonly ha
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4. Anticipatory Adaptation to Clima
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONlev
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONTab
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONFor
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONTab
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONBox
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONANA
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONfut
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Integration of Climate Change Consi
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONare
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONcha
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONres
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5. Conclusions and RecommendationsC
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CHAPTER 5CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDA
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APPENDIX APIDCountryApprovalYearP04
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APPENDIX APIDCountryApprovalYearPro
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APPENDIX APIDCountryApprovalYearP00
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Appendix BAdaptation-Related Indica
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APPENDIX B• Social Development St
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APPENDIX B• Subnational level app
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Appendix CResults IndicatorsTable C
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APPENDIX CRESULTS INDICATORSIndicat
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APPENDIX CRESULTS INDICATORSIndicat
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Appendix DDrought Mitigation Projec
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APPENDIX DDROUGHT PROJECTStook the
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APPENDIX EROADSroads to higher stan
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APPENDIX FANALYTIC WORK ON CLIMATE
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Appendix GEvaluation MethodologiesG
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Appendix HAdditional EvidenceH1. Lo
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APPENDIX HADDITIONAL EVIDENCEDrylan
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Appendix IProject ExamplesAppendix
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APPENDIX IPROJECT EXAMPLESplanted a
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APPENDIX IPROJECT EXAMPLESand that
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APPENDIX IPROJECT EXAMPLESunsurpris
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REFERENCESDoell, P., H. Hoffmann‐
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REFERENCESMcGray, H., A. Hammill, R
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REFERENCESUnited Nations Developmen
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ENDNOTESEndnotes1 Lobell, Schlenker
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ENDNOTES22 In Ethiopia, communities
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ENDNOTES39 This review draws upon a
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ENDNOTES61 Resource Guide on Gender
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