Adapting to Climate Change: Assessing the World Bank Group ...

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CHAPTER 2ADAPTATION AT THE BANK GROUPcritical to the island’s health and welfare. The KAP projects have also established theimportance of placing coordination functions with a powerful central agency—thePresident’s Office or the Finance Ministry—rather than with the Environment Ministry.This lesson is likely to be important for other small countries where adaptation fundingbegins to rival traditional development funding in scale and coordination needs aregreat. But there is still a distance to go in mainstreaming climate change adaptation.While Kiribati has had a vigorous role in the international arena, governmentleadership on domestic adaptation issues has sometimes flagged. It is difficult to verifythe extent to which climate concerns have been incorporated into ministerial operatingplans. KAP II’s work on hazard mapping and on coastal reef monitoring have not yetbeen mainstreamed.Conclusions2.54 During the SFDCC, country and regional strategies have significantly elevatedattention to climate adaptation. Significant analytic work has been undertaken, andfunds have been mobilized for the PPCR. But the Bank Group lacks a comprehensive,outcome-oriented results framework to guide and track actions. Systems for identifyingprojects with assumed adaptation co-benefits constitute de facto “results” frameworksthat focus on inputs and spending rather than results. The Bank Group also lacksoperational guidance for identifying and mitigating climate change risks to investmentprojects, though IFC has signaled its intention to do so.2.55 Three projects were sufficiently mature to offer operational lessons on promotingadaptation at the national level. These include:The importance of long-term engagement. In Kiribati and the Caribbean,progress in building institutions has required a series of three projects.The need for focus. Each of the three projects contained an excess of disparate,geographically dispersed activities lacking obvious synergies. This overloadedscarce capacity and complicated management. GEF funding linked tobiodiversity motivated the inclusion of components that may not have been thehighest priority for adaptation. In the Caribbean, policy progress was initiallymade by focusing on single-sector rather than multisector issues.Suggestions of the importance of assigning climate adaptation coordinationfunctions to a central agency such as the finance ministry or president’s office,rather than to the environment ministry.The infeasibility of a strict sequence of information, capacity building, planning,and implementation. Popular and political support requires visible, on-thegroundactions; the key is to build in cycles of learning and execution.29
CHAPTER 2ADAPTATION AT THE BANK GROUPAttempts to build information systems mainly for ACC—sea level rise monitorsand carbon cycling measurements—have faltered or failed to gain constituencies.The need to deal with tensions over ownership and responsibility. This was mostevident in Kiribati, the country with the lowest capacity. It involves balancing theuse of external consultants versus building local capacity; finding ways to makeBank supervision less onerous while maintaining responsible use of funds; andunderstanding clients’ sometime reluctance to pay for projects with adaptationbenefits.2.56 At both the country and project levels, a striking finding is the perceived primacyof ACV. Even Kiribati, faced with a long-term existential threat, prioritized ACV actionswith long-term benefits rather than adaptive ACC. This motivates the next chapter,which reviews lessons from Bank Group projects that address climate variability—whether or not the label “adaptation” was invoked.30
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Adapting to Climate Change:Assessin
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ContentsGLOSSARY ..................
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CONTENTSBoxesthe role of IFC ......
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AbbreviationsACCACVCCCCCCCCCTCDMCEI
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GLOSSARYClimate variability: Variat
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GLOSSARYSustainable land management
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AcknowledgmentsThis evaluation was
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STATEMENT OF THE EXTERNAL ADVISORY
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Page 23 and 24: OVERVIEWClimate adaptation comprise
Page 25 and 26: OVERVIEWfor others. Another approac
Page 27 and 28: OVERVIEWcoffee, may require infrast
Page 29 and 30: OVERVIEWscale pilot projects, asses
Page 32 and 33: Management ResponseIntroductionWorl
Page 34 and 35: MANAGEMENT RESPONSEare. The Bank wi
Page 36: MANAGEMENT RESPONSEweighting or pro
Page 39 and 40: ANNEX 1MANAGEMENT ACTION RECORD MAT
Page 41 and 42: ANNEX 1MANAGEMENT ACTION RECORD MAT
Page 44 and 45: 1. Context and ApproachHighlights C
Page 46 and 47: CHAPTER 1CONTEXT AND APPROACHOften
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Page 50 and 51: CHAPTER 1CONTEXT AND APPROACHAntici
Page 52 and 53: CHAPTER 1CONTEXT AND APPROACHthe fu
Page 54 and 55: 2. Climate Adaptation at the World
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Page 74 and 75: 3. Dealing with Climate Variability
Page 76 and 77: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITY3.3 Cli
Page 78 and 79: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITYBox 3-1
Page 80 and 81: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITYRESEARC
Page 82 and 83: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITY1999 (L
Page 84 and 85: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITYBox 3-4
Page 86 and 87: CHAPTER 3CLIMATE VARIABILITY3.34 An
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Page 104 and 105: 4. Anticipatory Adaptation to Clima
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Page 120 and 121: Integration of Climate Change Consi
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONare
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONcha
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CHAPTER 4ANTICIPATORY ADAPTATIONres
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5. Conclusions and RecommendationsC
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CHAPTER 5CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDA
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APPENDIX APIDCountryApprovalYearP04
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APPENDIX APIDCountryApprovalYearPro
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APPENDIX APIDCountryApprovalYearP00
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Appendix BAdaptation-Related Indica
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APPENDIX B• Social Development St
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APPENDIX B• Subnational level app
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Appendix CResults IndicatorsTable C
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APPENDIX CRESULTS INDICATORSIndicat
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APPENDIX CRESULTS INDICATORSIndicat
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Appendix DDrought Mitigation Projec
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APPENDIX DDROUGHT PROJECTStook the
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APPENDIX EROADSroads to higher stan
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APPENDIX FANALYTIC WORK ON CLIMATE
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Appendix GEvaluation MethodologiesG
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Appendix HAdditional EvidenceH1. Lo
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APPENDIX HADDITIONAL EVIDENCEDrylan
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Appendix IProject ExamplesAppendix
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APPENDIX IPROJECT EXAMPLESplanted a
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APPENDIX IPROJECT EXAMPLESand that
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APPENDIX IPROJECT EXAMPLESunsurpris
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REFERENCESDoell, P., H. Hoffmann‐
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REFERENCESMcGray, H., A. Hammill, R
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REFERENCESUnited Nations Developmen
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ENDNOTESEndnotes1 Lobell, Schlenker
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ENDNOTES22 In Ethiopia, communities
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ENDNOTES39 This review draws upon a
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ENDNOTES61 Resource Guide on Gender
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