Proceedings of SerbiaTrib '13

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[5] K.-D. Bouzakis, G. Maliaris, S. Makrimallakis:Strain rate effect on the fatigue failure of thinPVD coatings: An investigation by a novel impacttester with adjustable repetitive force,International Journal of Fatigue, Vol. 44, pp. 87-97, 2012.[6] K.-D. Bouzakis, N. Michailidis, G. Erkens: Thinhard coatings stress-strain curves determinationthrough a FEM supported evaluation ofnanoindentation test results, Surface and CoatingsTechnology, 142-144, pp. 102-109, 2001.[7] M. Kronenberg: Analysis of Initial Contact ofMilling Cutter and Work in Relation to Tool Life,Transactions of the ASME, pp. 217–228, 1946.[8] K. Okushima, T. Hoshi: The Effect of the Diameterof Carbide Face Milling Cutters on Their Failures,Bulletin of JSME, pp. 308–316, 1963.[9] K.-D. Bouzakis, R. Paraskevopoulou, G.Katirtzoglou, E. Bouzakis, K. Efstathiou: CoatedTools Wear Description in Milling FacilitatingConsiderations towards Sustainable Manufacturing,The 10th Global Conference on SustainableManufacturing, pp. 20-25, 2012.[10] K.D. Bouzakis, R. Paraskevopoulou, G.Katirtzoglou, S. Makrimallakis, E. Bouzakis, K.Efstathiou: Predictive model of tool wear in millingwith coated tools integrated into a CAM system,accepted for publication, CIRP Annals -Manufacturing Technology 2013.[11] K.-D. Bouzakis, S. Makrimallakis, G. Skordaris, E.Bouzakis, S. Kombogiannis, G. Katirtzoglou, G.Malliaris: Coated tool performance in up and downmilling stainless steel, explained by film mechanicaland fatigue properties, accepted for publicationWear, 2013.[12] L. E. Murr : Metallurgical effects of shock and highstrain-rateloading, In: T.Z. Blazynski (Ed.)Materials at high strain rates, Elsevier, Essex,England, pp.1-46, 1987.[13] J. Harding: The effect of high strain rates onmaterial properties, In: T.Z. Blazynski (Ed.)Materials at high strain rates, Elsevier, Essex,England, pp. 133-186, 1987.[14] B.L. Boyce, M.F. Dilmore: The dynamic tensilebehavior of tough, ultrahigh-strength steels atstrain-rates from 0.0002 s -1 to 200 s -1 , InternationalJournal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 36, No. 2,pp.263-271, 2009.[15] K.D. Bouzakis: Konzept und technologischeGrundlagen zur automatisierten Erstellungoptimaler Bearbeitungsdaten beim Wälzfräzen,Habilitation, TH Aachen, 1980.[16] K. Efstathiou: Automatic generation of optimumtechnological data for numerically controlledmilling based and on measurements of theworkpiece solid geometry, Ph. D. Thesis: AristotlesUniversity, Thessaloniki, 1991.[17] Opus-CAM, 2012, User Manual.20 13 th International Conference on Tribology – Serbiatrib’13
Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB ‘1313 th International Conference onTribologyKragujevac, Serbia, 15 – 17 May 2013Faculty of Engineeringin KragujevacSELECTIVE TRANSFER OF MATERIALS IN THE ASPECT OFGREEN TRIBOLOGYEmilia Assenova 1 , Gottlieb Polzer 2 , Dr. Tsermaa 3 , Mara Kandeva 41 Society of Bulgarian Tribologists, Sofia, Bulgaria, emiass@abv.bg2 Tribology Unit, 08115 Schoenfels, Germany, professor-polzer@gmx.de3 University of Ulan Bator, Mongolia, professor-polzer@gmx.de4 Technical University-Sofia, Tribology Center, Sofia, Bulgaria, kandeva@tu-sofia.bgAbstract: One of green tribology’s principles touches the environmental implication of coatings and lubricants,development, optimization and implementation of ecology friendly manufacturing and implementation ofcoatings.The paper deals with green tribology in the aspect of wear reducing frictional coatings andregeneration of worn surfaces without joint dismantling. Copper frictional coatings in the case of nonabrasivetreatment of steel or cast iron surfaces, their production with the assistance of selective transfer of materialsbetween the friction surfaces are considered. In the example of frictional coating deposition, this phenomenonis supported by the rubbing of brass stick on steel cylinder surface under particular conditions of selectivetransfer in the presence of a special lubricant. Important is the extremely low wear of components coated undercondition of selective material transfer mode with wide practical application. The interdisciplinary character ofthe study and application of technologies for coating formation, layer growth techniques, surface texturing, etc.involves studies by specialists of different sciences.Keywords: green tribology, frictional coatings, surface design, selective transfer.1. INTRODUCTION1.1 Tribology and Green TribologyNatural resources have been cruelly consumedin the last three centuries and the earth is seriouslydamaged and polluted. Humanity has to survivefighting with the pollution and the deficiency ofmaterial, energy and cleanness. Generally speaking,this problem is mainly the result of the misuse ofour contact with nature. So, it is contact deficiencyand a way out could be sought in the science ofcontacts, i.e. in tribology. Radical knowledge andtechnologies of sustainability are needed toestablish new human way of thinking.Tribology is supposed to assist the knowledgeand technologies in the purpose to meet theexpectations of quality, reliability and environmentsustainability. Tribology comprises the knowledgeof friction, lubrication, wear, hermeticity and otherprocess between contacting surfaces. The modernconcept observes tribology problems as essentiallyinterdisciplinary. Typical tribological studiesinvolve the efforts of mechanical engineers,material scientists, chemists, physicists, and soforth. New areas of tribological studies have beendeveloped at the interface of various scientificdisciplines, for example, nanotribology,biotribology, geotribology, ecotribology, etc.Recently, the new concept of ‘green tribology’has been defined as ‘the science and technology ofthe tribological aspects of ecological balance and ofenvironmental and biological impacts’ by H. P. Jost[1,2]. The former notion was eco-tribology andstressed the interaction of contact systems with theenvironment [3,4]. Green Tribology means savingmaterials, energy, improving the environment andthe quality of life. The area of Green Tribology willdirectly affect the economy by reducing waste andextending equipment life, improve thetechnological and environmental balance, andimprove the sustainability and safety in the humansociety. Green Tribology reflects in fact thetribological aspects of ecological balance and ofenvironmental impacts, and is expected to directlyaffect the reducing of waste and thermal pollution,and extending equipment quality, reliability and13 th International Conference on Tribology – Serbiatrib’13 21
Page 1 and 2: SerbianTribologySocietyFacultyofEng
Page 3 and 4: Serbian Tribology SocietyUniversity
Page 5 and 6: Supported byMinistry of Education,
Page 7 and 8: PrefaceThe International Conference
Page 9 and 10: ContentsPlenary Lectures1. THE GREE
Page 11 and 12: 27. WEAR CHARACTERISTICS OF HYBRID
Page 13 and 14: Tribometry57. PRELIMINARY STUDY ON
Page 15: Plenary Lectures13 th International
Page 18 and 19: Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB
Page 20 and 21: Figure 4. Diagram of the height and
Page 22 and 23: Realization of the approach is base
Page 29 and 30: edge without chamfer and smaller ra
Page 31 and 32: Figure 7. Accumulated tool life in
Page 33: Figure 13. Calculated and measured
Page 37 and 38: Friction deformation of the bronze
Page 39 and 40: engine cylinders of 2-cylinder-twot
Page 41 and 42: Table 1: Chemical composition of sa
Page 43 and 44: Table 4: Comparative wear-resistanc
Page 47 and 48: - measuring of coating thickness h
Page 49 and 50: Figure 5. Functional scheme of the
Page 53 and 54: Table 2. Test results for massive w
Page 55 and 56: knowledge transfer in the field ofm
Page 57 and 58: Table 1. Parameters of the electroc
Page 59 and 60: Figure 6. Wear resistance by linear
Page 61 and 62: coatings and observed their good we
Page 63 and 64: c)a)Figure 2: SEM images and micros
Page 65 and 66: Room temperature 300°CNi/µSiCNiNi
Page 67 and 68: COF [-] COF [-]Fig.9: COF graphs at
Page 71 and 72: about 260 nm is related to isolated
Page 73 and 74: contact’s conformity [18] they ob
Page 75 and 76: In order to calculate the metallic
Page 77 and 78: microscopic inspection of the Rp3 s
Page 81 and 82: otating plate. The shaft passes thr
Page 83 and 84: similar trends of variation are obs
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smooth, gear fiber-mild steel rough
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[2] Tabor, D.: “Friction and wear
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Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB
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(10, 50 and 100 N) against surface
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[9] B.R. Gligorijevic, A. Vencl, B.
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dielectric properties, high resista
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parameter, Sv, was slightly influen
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dependence of roughness height and
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Polyethylenes with a molecular weig
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[9] K.S. Kanaga Karuppiah, A.L. Bru
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MgCO3•CaCO3 (13% Mg), and carnall
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fully compatible with MRI/MSCT imag
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5. CONCLUSIONThe magnesium alloys a
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Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP)
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C- Lower deposits with NPNA on comb
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films. Carraro et al. [10] examined
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PlateCount No.Critical Load ( N)120
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solid melt of ZA27 alloy using mech
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SiC particles are uniformly distrib
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in number of micro-cracks and clust
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PBT has the average values of the f
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mechanical pressure and thermal loa
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3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSTaking into
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[12] L. Blunt De, X. Jiang: Advance
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2. EXPERIMENTALTESTING2.1 MaterialT
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figure 3a it could be seen that the
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and lubrication is done so that the
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5. CONCLUSIONFigure 11. The accumul
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esistance was found for composite c
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onze, which is embedded within the
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The test contact pair meets the req
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complete. The SEM analysis maycontr
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tg( ) tg 100, [%] (2)tgwhere are:
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corresponding to the maximum value
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electrostatics [17]. Due to the fle
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250nm size have been observed, acco
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ETH Zurich, Switzerland, where all
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comparison with the synthetic reinf
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3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION3.1 Micros
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(a)(b)Figure 4. Showing (a) variati
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composites. But the composite compo
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coated and uncoated region after ad
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has been measured between the top s
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Fig. 9 shows the wear track obtaine
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Mica samples preparationFor the ads
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According to the AFM results in fig
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[21] B. G. Sharma et al.: Character
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chemical vapor deposition method wi
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analysis (a) and an approximate che
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Table 3. Friction coefficients of s
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A.K.Oleynik, V.M.Matsevity, ea.]. /
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Most of the friction units of produ
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In order to provide both high parts
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Fig. 3. The comparison the criterio
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Table 3. Experimental and calculate
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For developing the numerical model
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,eccentricities and hydrodynamic pr
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hydrodynamic regime. However, for b
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to obtain the temperature distribut
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force (pressure) between two contac
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5E-06The total displacement [m]4.5E
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[11]. Figure 5 shows s the influenc
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efficiency of use, product quality,
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38GSA. The chemical composition, de
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niobium. It should be noted that fo
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Figure 1. Friction force on side su
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exploitation this changing is signi
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2. EFFICIENCY OF CYCLO DRIVEEfficie
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Figure 6. Dependence of cyclo drive
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common for their ability to be inst
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FNF (11)R sin cos11 21 22FNF
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Normal force [N]4000350030002500200
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analytical tests. The analytical te
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Table 4. Results of zero samples of
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noticeable, and by the end of explo
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4. PLASTIC BEARING APPLICATIONSRega
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For Elastohydrodynamic film thickne
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The results concluded for different
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For Thrust Force of 40KNKrytox 215
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Krytox 215 (µ = 0.03204 Pa.s)Figur
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- Reliable exploitation tools, prim
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In addition, as a result of cyclic
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AcknowledgementThe part of this res
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Thepressure angle can be calculated
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mechanism these parameters are fina
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causes big changes of their propert
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Table 2. Impact toughness of some t
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Figure 1. Appearance of fractured f
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implementation of these new manugac
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additional energy is dissipated due
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The adopted geometry parameters are
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4. CONCLUSIONTools of virtual produ
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Figure 2. Structure of the machinin
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3. ANALYSIS OF RESULTSThe results o
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Figure 15. Surface roughness regard
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From the analysis of the diagram it
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comparison from economic, energy co
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Advantages and disadvantages of tra
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The information provided by footwea
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Force (N)5,554,543,532,521,510,50Ex
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additives, that had been, until rec
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Figure 1. Test results for samples
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Table 7. Test results of oil sample
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Input parameters- Current intensity
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edge formed into a thin line. At th
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Lower values of current are not res
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Table 1. Chemical composition of si
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flowable at high temperatures and v
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holes (pits) emerge in the shape of
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[4] W. Schatt, K-P. Wieters, Pulver
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assumption allows us to use, instea
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where P is the load, a - radius of
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determination (total running in tim
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μm, compared with Figure 17, wich
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Serbian TribologySocietySERBIIATRIB
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Especially when the chain transfer
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is obvious that this isa so-calledw
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winches. The authors are inclined t
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find parameters of robot laser hard
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each of which is measured by the le
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Fractal dimensions were determined
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Figure 3. Modified force acting sch
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0.25Lubricant: L3DC 04Friction coef
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nanocomposites. The influence of fi
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4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4.1 Morpho
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Figure 6. Loading and unloadin vers
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3 8 12 1 4 2 4
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The material after qualifying the r
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It has already been mentioned that
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Degradation & Stability, Vol. 69, N
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conformance to researchers’ requi
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This part is assembled of pneumatic
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matrixes describe the state of the
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values influence of themeasurement
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Figure 1. Friction stir weldinga -
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(t 2 t
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M fr / T [-] [-]10.90.80.70.60.50.4
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M fr / T [-]10.90.80.70.60.50.40.30
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experimentally determined that for
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4. DISCUSSIONAccording to the theor
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2.1 The life cycle of the reportThe
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Obviously the report is checked and
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uticaja na osnovu kompozita, a time
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5. ZAKLJUČCIStruktura tiksolivene
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dobijene različite karakteristike
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vizuelno, na dnevnoj svetlosti, pod
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LITERATURA[1] Зинченко В.
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Slika 1. Rotorni bager - glodar VII
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stvaraju sliku stanja i svoja zapa
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njihovih kotrljanih elemenata. Mere
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postupka i uticaja parametara depoz
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posledica različite raspodele mikr
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ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 je takođe zbog oksid
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3.2 Pneumatska osetljivostOblast pr
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p mg (δ), koji je zbog malih struj
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PNEUMATIC PROBE HEAD SELECTION FOR
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1. Podsistem kopanja2. Podsistem pr
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Slika 3. Kriva habanjaNa tom dijagr
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Mjereni su parametri habanja i pril
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preše prevladavaju kombinirani uvj
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a) b)Slika 5. Karakteristična mikr
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varijantnih materijala u dostavnom
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Jovanović D. 414, 446KKaleicheva J
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CIP - Каталогизација
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