Proceedings of SerbiaTrib '13

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[3] P.V. Yasnii, P.O. Marushchak, I.V.Konovalenko, R.T. Bishchak, Structuraldegradation and damage caused by a system ofcracks to the steel of metallurgical equipment,Materials Science 47, pp. 798-803, 2009.[4] C.C. Barton, Fractal Analysis of Scaling andSpatial Clustering of Fractures. In: Barton, C.C.and La Pointe, P.R. (eds.), Fractals in the EarthSciences. Plenum Press. New York, pp. 141-178, 1995.[5] L.W. Fan, Y.C. Hu, T. Tian, Z.T. Yu, Thepredication of effective thermal conductivitiesperpendicular to the fibres of wood using afractal model and an improved transientmeasurement technique, International Journalof Heat Mass Transfer 49, pp. 4116–4123,2006.[6] T. Ficker, Fractal strength of cement gels anduniversal dimension of fracture surfaces,Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. 50, pp. 167–171,2008.[7] M.Q. Jiang, J.X. Meng, J.B. Gao, X.L. Wang,T. Rouxel, V. Keryvin, Z. Ling, L.H. Dai,Fractal in fracture of bulk metallic glass,Intermetallics 18, pp. 2468–2471, 2010.[8] A. Carpinteri, S.A. Puzzi, A fractal approach toindentation size effect, Engineering Fract.Mech. 73, pp. 2110-2122, 2006.354 13 th International Conference on Tribology – Serbiatrib’13
Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB ‘1313 th International Conference onTribologyKragujevac, Serbia, 15 – 17 May 2013Faculty of Engineeringin KragujevacUSE NEW PROCESS IN ROBOT LASER HARDENING TODECREASE WEAR OF SPECIMENSM. Babič 1 , P. Kokol 2 , M. Milfelner 3 , P. Panjan 4 , Igor Belič 51 Emo-Orodjarna d.o.o., Slovenia, babicster@gmail.com2University of Maribor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Slovenia,3 Tic-Lens d.o.o., Slovenia,4 Institute Jozef Stefan, Slovenia,5 Institute of Materials and Technology, Slovenia,Abstract: The mechanism of wear is very complex and the theoretical treatment without the use of rathersweeping simplifications is not possible. The material intrinsic surface properties such as hardness, strength,ductility, work hardening etc. are very important factors for wear resistance, but other factors like surfacefinish, lubrication, load, speed, corrosion, temperature and properties of the opposing surface etc. areequally important. Robot laser surface-hardening heat treatment is complementary to conventional flame orinductive hardening. A high-power laser beam is used to heat a metal surface rapidly and selectively toproduce hardened case depths of up to 1.5 mm with hardness values of up to 65 HRc. Laser hardeninginvolves features, such as non-controlled energy intake, high performance constancy and accuratepositioning processes. A hard martensitic microstructure provides improved surface properties such as wearresistance and high strength. We describe a new technological process of hardening, which can decrease thewear of hardened specimens. The new process uses robot laser hardening with an overlapping laser beam.First, we hardened specimens using different velocities and temperatures and then repeated the process. Inaddition, we present how the speed and temperature affect the wear in two different processes of robot laserhardening. Furthermore, we present the improved results after hardening with the overlap process. Toanalyse the results, we used one method of intelligent system, neural networks and a relationship wasobtained by using a four-layer neural network. We compare both processes.Keywords: Wear, robot, laser, hardening, process of overlapping,1. INTRODUCTIONIn materials science, wear is erosion or sidewaysdisplacement of material from its "derivative" andoriginal position on a solid surface performed bythe action of another surface. Wear is related tointeractions between surfaces and more specificallythe removal and deformation of material on asurface as a result of mechanical action of theopposite surface. The need for relative motionbetween two surfaces and initial mechanical contactbetween asperities is an important distinctionbetween mechanical wear compared to otherprocesses with similar outcomes.The definition of wear may include loss ofdimension from plastic deformation if it isoriginated at the interface between two slidingsurfaces.However, plastic deformation such as yieldstress is excluded from the wear definition if itdoesn't incorporates a relative sliding motion andcontact against another surface despite thepossibility for material removal, because it thenlacks the relative sliding action of another surface.2. MATERIALS AND METHODOur study was limited to tool steel of DINstandard 1.7225 (Fig. 1). The chemical compositionof the material contained 0.38% to 0.45% C, 0.4%maximum Si, 0.6% to 0.9% Mn, 0.025% maximumP, 0.035% maximum S and 0.15% to 0.3% Mo[10].13 th International Conference on Tribology – Serbiatrib’13 355
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SerbianTribologySocietyFacultyofEng
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Serbian Tribology SocietyUniversity
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Supported byMinistry of Education,
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PrefaceThe International Conference
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ContentsPlenary Lectures1. THE GREE
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27. WEAR CHARACTERISTICS OF HYBRID
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Tribometry57. PRELIMINARY STUDY ON
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Plenary Lectures13 th International
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Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB
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Figure 4. Diagram of the height and
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Realization of the approach is base
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edge without chamfer and smaller ra
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Figure 7. Accumulated tool life in
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Figure 13. Calculated and measured
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Friction deformation of the bronze
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engine cylinders of 2-cylinder-twot
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Table 1: Chemical composition of sa
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Table 4: Comparative wear-resistanc
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- measuring of coating thickness h
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Figure 5. Functional scheme of the
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Table 2. Test results for massive w
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knowledge transfer in the field ofm
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Table 1. Parameters of the electroc
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Figure 6. Wear resistance by linear
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coatings and observed their good we
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c)a)Figure 2: SEM images and micros
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Room temperature 300°CNi/µSiCNiNi
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COF [-] COF [-]Fig.9: COF graphs at
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about 260 nm is related to isolated
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contact’s conformity [18] they ob
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In order to calculate the metallic
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microscopic inspection of the Rp3 s
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otating plate. The shaft passes thr
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similar trends of variation are obs
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smooth, gear fiber-mild steel rough
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[2] Tabor, D.: “Friction and wear
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(10, 50 and 100 N) against surface
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[9] B.R. Gligorijevic, A. Vencl, B.
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dielectric properties, high resista
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parameter, Sv, was slightly influen
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dependence of roughness height and
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Polyethylenes with a molecular weig
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[9] K.S. Kanaga Karuppiah, A.L. Bru
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MgCO3•CaCO3 (13% Mg), and carnall
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fully compatible with MRI/MSCT imag
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5. CONCLUSIONThe magnesium alloys a
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Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP)
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C- Lower deposits with NPNA on comb
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films. Carraro et al. [10] examined
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PlateCount No.Critical Load ( N)120
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solid melt of ZA27 alloy using mech
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SiC particles are uniformly distrib
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in number of micro-cracks and clust
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PBT has the average values of the f
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mechanical pressure and thermal loa
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3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSTaking into
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[12] L. Blunt De, X. Jiang: Advance
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2. EXPERIMENTALTESTING2.1 MaterialT
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figure 3a it could be seen that the
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and lubrication is done so that the
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5. CONCLUSIONFigure 11. The accumul
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esistance was found for composite c
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onze, which is embedded within the
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The test contact pair meets the req
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complete. The SEM analysis maycontr
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tg( ) tg 100, [%] (2)tgwhere are:
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corresponding to the maximum value
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electrostatics [17]. Due to the fle
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250nm size have been observed, acco
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ETH Zurich, Switzerland, where all
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comparison with the synthetic reinf
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3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION3.1 Micros
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(a)(b)Figure 4. Showing (a) variati
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composites. But the composite compo
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coated and uncoated region after ad
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has been measured between the top s
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Fig. 9 shows the wear track obtaine
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Mica samples preparationFor the ads
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According to the AFM results in fig
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[21] B. G. Sharma et al.: Character
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chemical vapor deposition method wi
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analysis (a) and an approximate che
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Table 3. Friction coefficients of s
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A.K.Oleynik, V.M.Matsevity, ea.]. /
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Most of the friction units of produ
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In order to provide both high parts
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Fig. 3. The comparison the criterio
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Table 3. Experimental and calculate
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For developing the numerical model
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,eccentricities and hydrodynamic pr
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hydrodynamic regime. However, for b
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to obtain the temperature distribut
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force (pressure) between two contac
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5E-06The total displacement [m]4.5E
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[11]. Figure 5 shows s the influenc
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efficiency of use, product quality,
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38GSA. The chemical composition, de
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niobium. It should be noted that fo
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Figure 1. Friction force on side su
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exploitation this changing is signi
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2. EFFICIENCY OF CYCLO DRIVEEfficie
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Figure 6. Dependence of cyclo drive
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common for their ability to be inst
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FNF (11)R sin cos11 21 22FNF
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Normal force [N]4000350030002500200
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analytical tests. The analytical te
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Table 4. Results of zero samples of
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noticeable, and by the end of explo
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4. PLASTIC BEARING APPLICATIONSRega
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For Elastohydrodynamic film thickne
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The results concluded for different
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For Thrust Force of 40KNKrytox 215
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Krytox 215 (µ = 0.03204 Pa.s)Figur
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- Reliable exploitation tools, prim
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In addition, as a result of cyclic
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AcknowledgementThe part of this res
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Thepressure angle can be calculated
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mechanism these parameters are fina
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causes big changes of their propert
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Table 2. Impact toughness of some t
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Figure 1. Appearance of fractured f
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implementation of these new manugac
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additional energy is dissipated due
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The adopted geometry parameters are
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4. CONCLUSIONTools of virtual produ
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Figure 2. Structure of the machinin
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3. ANALYSIS OF RESULTSThe results o
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Figure 15. Surface roughness regard
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From the analysis of the diagram it
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comparison from economic, energy co
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Page 319 and 320: The information provided by footwea
Page 321 and 322: Force (N)5,554,543,532,521,510,50Ex
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Page 325 and 326: Figure 1. Test results for samples
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Page 335 and 336: Table 1. Chemical composition of si
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Page 341: [4] W. Schatt, K-P. Wieters, Pulver
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Page 347 and 348: assumption allows us to use, instea
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Page 357 and 358: Especially when the chain transfer
Page 359 and 360: is obvious that this isa so-calledw
Page 361 and 362: winches. The authors are inclined t
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Page 371 and 372: Fractal dimensions were determined
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Page 379 and 380: nanocomposites. The influence of fi
Page 381 and 382: 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4.1 Morpho
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Page 389 and 390: The material after qualifying the r
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Page 393 and 394: Degradation & Stability, Vol. 69, N
Page 395 and 396: conformance to researchers’ requi
Page 397 and 398: This part is assembled of pneumatic
Page 399 and 400: matrixes describe the state of the
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Page 407 and 408: M fr / T [-] [-]10.90.80.70.60.50.4
Page 409 and 410: M fr / T [-]10.90.80.70.60.50.40.30
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Page 413 and 414: 4. DISCUSSIONAccording to the theor
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Obviously the report is checked and
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uticaja na osnovu kompozita, a time
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5. ZAKLJUČCIStruktura tiksolivene
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dobijene različite karakteristike
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vizuelno, na dnevnoj svetlosti, pod
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LITERATURA[1] Зинченко В.
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Slika 1. Rotorni bager - glodar VII
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stvaraju sliku stanja i svoja zapa
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njihovih kotrljanih elemenata. Mere
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postupka i uticaja parametara depoz
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posledica različite raspodele mikr
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ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 je takođe zbog oksid
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3.2 Pneumatska osetljivostOblast pr
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p mg (δ), koji je zbog malih struj
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PNEUMATIC PROBE HEAD SELECTION FOR
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1. Podsistem kopanja2. Podsistem pr
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Slika 3. Kriva habanjaNa tom dijagr
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Mjereni su parametri habanja i pril
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preše prevladavaju kombinirani uvj
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a) b)Slika 5. Karakteristična mikr
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varijantnih materijala u dostavnom
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Jovanović D. 414, 446KKaleicheva J
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CIP - Каталогизација
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