Proceedings of SerbiaTrib '13

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containing in their structure particles of thenanosize scale [2,3]. Imbedding of nano-sizedparticles in the solution for the production of the Nicoating brings changes in the character of thecontact interactions on three levels: interaction ofnanoparticles with Ni ions into the solution with theelectrons, interaction of the built atom with thesurface of the detail and formation of the crystalgrid of the coating [4].The purpose of the present work is to studysome characteristics of contact friction and wear forNi chemical coatings, without and withnanodiamond particles of different size: 4 nm,100 nm, 200 nm and 250 nm.2. NICKEL CHEMICAL COATINGSTen types of coatings are studied, gathered in 5series with number given in Table 1.Table 1: Description of the specimens with coatings of chemical Ni containing nanodiamond particlesThickness of the№ ofseriesDesignation of theseries№ Designation of thecoatingCompositionof the coatingcoating before wear,h 1 , µmI N 1 N- Ni 25,562 N+ Ni+T o C 11,283 nD4- Ni+Di 4 nm 23,22IInD44 nD4+ Ni+Di 4 nm +T o C 85 nD100- Ni+Di 100 nm 27,94IIInD100 6 nD100+ Ni+Di 100 nm +T o C 7,127 nD200- Ni+Di 200 nm 26,24IVnD200 8 nD200+ Ni+Di 200 nm +T o C 9,149 nD250- Ni+Di 250 nm 30,5VnD250 10 nD250+ Ni+Di 250 nm +T o C 8,7Each series has its designation in Latin letters,correspondingly: N - Nickel coating without nanoparticles; nD - Nickel coating with diamondnanoparticles;The number after the letter D indicates theaverage size of the nanoparticles – 4 nm, 100 nm,200 nm, 250 nm. Each series includes two groupsof coatings: first group - coatings without heattreatment designated by the sign (-) and secondgroup - with heat treatment at 360 о С during 6 hoursdesignated by the sign (+).3. ABRASIVE WEAR3.1 Device and procedureExperimental study of abrasive wear of Nicoatings is realized by means of the test rig TABERABRASER according to the kinematical scheme„disk-on-disk” (Fig.1).The specimen 1 (the body) with depositedcoating 2 is in the shape of disk and is fixedappropriately on carrying horizontal disk 3 drivedby electrical motor 4 with a constant rotationalspeed =1[s -1 ]=const. The counter-body 5 is anabrasive disk (roller) of special material CS 10mounted on horizontal axis 6 in the device 8, bymeans of which is set the desired normal load Р inthe contact zone К. Thus, the body 1 and thecounter-body 5 are located on two crossed axes.Because of the constant rotational speed of thebody 1 and the constant nominal contact pressurep a , the friction in the contact zone К supportsconstant speed of rotation of the counter-body 5.The procedure of the experimental study onabrasive wear is realized in the following sequenceof operations:- clean-up, cleaning of lubricants and drying of theequal specimens. The specimens represent disks ofdiameter 100 mm and thickness 3 mm with thedeposited coatings;- measuring of roughness of the contact surfaces ofthe specimens before and after wear;- measuring of specimens mass m o before and itsmass m i after a given friction path L by electronicbalance WPS 180/C/2 of accuracy 0,1 mg. At everymeasurement the specimens are cleaned withappropriate solution against static electricity;32 13 th International Conference on Tribology – Serbiatrib’13
- measuring of coating thickness h 1 before wearand h 2 after wear by means of Pocket LEPTOSKOP2021 Fe device in 10 points of the surface; theaverage value is taken for thickness of the sample;- the specimen 1 is fixed on the carrying horizontaldisk 3; then the normal load Р is set. The frictionpath L is determined by the number of cycles readby the revolution counter 8.Figure 1. TABER ABRASER – device for study of abrasive wearThe procedure of the experimental study onabrasive wear is realized in the following sequenceof operations:- clean-up, cleaning of lubricants and drying of theequal specimens. The specimens represent disks ofdiameter 100 mm and thickness 3 mm with thedeposited coatings;- measuring of roughness of the contact surfaces ofthe specimens before and after wear;- measuring of specimens mass m o before and itsmass m i after a given friction path L by electronicbalance WPS 180/C/2 of accuracy 0,1 mg. At everymeasurement the specimens are cleaned withappropriate solution against static electricity;- measuring of coating thickness h 1 before wearand h 2 after wear by means of Pocket LEPTOSKOP2021 Fe device in 10 points of the surface; theaverage value is taken for thickness of the sample;- the specimen 1 is fixed on the carrying horizontaldisk 3; then the normal load Р is set. The frictionpath L is determined by the number of cycles readby the revolution counter 8.Abrasive wear for all coatings is obtained byfixed equal operating conditions – nominal contactpressure given with the normal load Р, averagesliding speed V and parameters of the abrasivesurface.The characteristics of the experiment are givenin Table 2.Table 2. Working parameters in the experiment:Apparent contact area Aa 0, 26 cm 2Nominal contact pressure pa 9, 42 N/cm 2Average sliding speed V 22,3 cm/sAbrasive material CS 10wearresistance and their change in time,respectively the friction path.Wear intensity is determined as mass (or linear)wear for unit friction path, and absolutewearresistance - as the reciprocate value of wearintensity.The relative wearresistance is the ratio betweenthe absolute wearresistance of the tested coatingand the absolute wearresistance of reference samplefor equal friction path (number of cycles).Two reference samples are used in the presentwork – Nickel coating without nanodiamondparticles with heat treatment and without heattreatment.3.2 Experimental resultsFigure 2. Dependence of wearresistance I h onnanoparticles size for coatings without heat treatmentThe parameters of mass and linear wear arestudied: speed, wear intensity, absolute and relativeFigure 3. Dependence of wearresistance I h onnanoparticles size for coatings with heat treatment13 th International Conference on Tribology – Serbiatrib’13 33
Page 1 and 2: SerbianTribologySocietyFacultyofEng
Page 3 and 4: Serbian Tribology SocietyUniversity
Page 5 and 6: Supported byMinistry of Education,
Page 7 and 8: PrefaceThe International Conference
Page 9 and 10: ContentsPlenary Lectures1. THE GREE
Page 11 and 12: 27. WEAR CHARACTERISTICS OF HYBRID
Page 13 and 14: Tribometry57. PRELIMINARY STUDY ON
Page 15: Plenary Lectures13 th International
Page 18 and 19: Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB
Page 20 and 21: Figure 4. Diagram of the height and
Page 22 and 23: Realization of the approach is base
Page 29 and 30: edge without chamfer and smaller ra
Page 31 and 32: Figure 7. Accumulated tool life in
Page 33 and 34: Figure 13. Calculated and measured
Page 37 and 38: Friction deformation of the bronze
Page 39 and 40: engine cylinders of 2-cylinder-twot
Page 41 and 42: Table 1: Chemical composition of sa
Page 43 and 44: Table 4: Comparative wear-resistanc
Page 45: Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB
Page 49 and 50: Figure 5. Functional scheme of the
Page 53 and 54: Table 2. Test results for massive w
Page 55 and 56: knowledge transfer in the field ofm
Page 57 and 58: Table 1. Parameters of the electroc
Page 59 and 60: Figure 6. Wear resistance by linear
Page 61 and 62: coatings and observed their good we
Page 63 and 64: c)a)Figure 2: SEM images and micros
Page 65 and 66: Room temperature 300°CNi/µSiCNiNi
Page 67 and 68: COF [-] COF [-]Fig.9: COF graphs at
Page 71 and 72: about 260 nm is related to isolated
Page 73 and 74: contact’s conformity [18] they ob
Page 75 and 76: In order to calculate the metallic
Page 77 and 78: microscopic inspection of the Rp3 s
Page 81 and 82: otating plate. The shaft passes thr
Page 83 and 84: similar trends of variation are obs
Page 85 and 86: smooth, gear fiber-mild steel rough
Page 87 and 88: [2] Tabor, D.: “Friction and wear
Page 91 and 92: (10, 50 and 100 N) against surface
Page 93 and 94: [9] B.R. Gligorijevic, A. Vencl, B.
Page 95 and 96: dielectric properties, high resista
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parameter, Sv, was slightly influen
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dependence of roughness height and
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Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB
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Polyethylenes with a molecular weig
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[9] K.S. Kanaga Karuppiah, A.L. Bru
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MgCO3•CaCO3 (13% Mg), and carnall
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fully compatible with MRI/MSCT imag
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5. CONCLUSIONThe magnesium alloys a
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Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP)
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C- Lower deposits with NPNA on comb
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films. Carraro et al. [10] examined
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PlateCount No.Critical Load ( N)120
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solid melt of ZA27 alloy using mech
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SiC particles are uniformly distrib
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in number of micro-cracks and clust
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PBT has the average values of the f
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mechanical pressure and thermal loa
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3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSTaking into
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[12] L. Blunt De, X. Jiang: Advance
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2. EXPERIMENTALTESTING2.1 MaterialT
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figure 3a it could be seen that the
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and lubrication is done so that the
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5. CONCLUSIONFigure 11. The accumul
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esistance was found for composite c
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onze, which is embedded within the
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The test contact pair meets the req
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complete. The SEM analysis maycontr
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tg( ) tg 100, [%] (2)tgwhere are:
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corresponding to the maximum value
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electrostatics [17]. Due to the fle
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250nm size have been observed, acco
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ETH Zurich, Switzerland, where all
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comparison with the synthetic reinf
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3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION3.1 Micros
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(a)(b)Figure 4. Showing (a) variati
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composites. But the composite compo
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coated and uncoated region after ad
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has been measured between the top s
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Fig. 9 shows the wear track obtaine
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Mica samples preparationFor the ads
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According to the AFM results in fig
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[21] B. G. Sharma et al.: Character
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chemical vapor deposition method wi
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analysis (a) and an approximate che
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Table 3. Friction coefficients of s
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A.K.Oleynik, V.M.Matsevity, ea.]. /
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Most of the friction units of produ
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In order to provide both high parts
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Fig. 3. The comparison the criterio
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Table 3. Experimental and calculate
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For developing the numerical model
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,eccentricities and hydrodynamic pr
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hydrodynamic regime. However, for b
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to obtain the temperature distribut
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force (pressure) between two contac
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5E-06The total displacement [m]4.5E
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[11]. Figure 5 shows s the influenc
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efficiency of use, product quality,
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38GSA. The chemical composition, de
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niobium. It should be noted that fo
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Figure 1. Friction force on side su
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exploitation this changing is signi
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2. EFFICIENCY OF CYCLO DRIVEEfficie
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Figure 6. Dependence of cyclo drive
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common for their ability to be inst
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FNF (11)R sin cos11 21 22FNF
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Normal force [N]4000350030002500200
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analytical tests. The analytical te
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Table 4. Results of zero samples of
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noticeable, and by the end of explo
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4. PLASTIC BEARING APPLICATIONSRega
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For Elastohydrodynamic film thickne
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The results concluded for different
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For Thrust Force of 40KNKrytox 215
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Krytox 215 (µ = 0.03204 Pa.s)Figur
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- Reliable exploitation tools, prim
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In addition, as a result of cyclic
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AcknowledgementThe part of this res
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Thepressure angle can be calculated
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mechanism these parameters are fina
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causes big changes of their propert
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Table 2. Impact toughness of some t
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Figure 1. Appearance of fractured f
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implementation of these new manugac
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additional energy is dissipated due
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The adopted geometry parameters are
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4. CONCLUSIONTools of virtual produ
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Figure 2. Structure of the machinin
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3. ANALYSIS OF RESULTSThe results o
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Figure 15. Surface roughness regard
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From the analysis of the diagram it
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comparison from economic, energy co
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Advantages and disadvantages of tra
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The information provided by footwea
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Force (N)5,554,543,532,521,510,50Ex
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additives, that had been, until rec
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Figure 1. Test results for samples
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Table 7. Test results of oil sample
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Input parameters- Current intensity
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edge formed into a thin line. At th
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Lower values of current are not res
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Table 1. Chemical composition of si
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flowable at high temperatures and v
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holes (pits) emerge in the shape of
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[4] W. Schatt, K-P. Wieters, Pulver
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assumption allows us to use, instea
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where P is the load, a - radius of
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determination (total running in tim
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μm, compared with Figure 17, wich
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Serbian TribologySocietySERBIIATRIB
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Especially when the chain transfer
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is obvious that this isa so-calledw
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winches. The authors are inclined t
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find parameters of robot laser hard
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each of which is measured by the le
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Fractal dimensions were determined
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Figure 3. Modified force acting sch
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0.25Lubricant: L3DC 04Friction coef
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nanocomposites. The influence of fi
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4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4.1 Morpho
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Figure 6. Loading and unloadin vers
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3 8 12 1 4 2 4
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The material after qualifying the r
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It has already been mentioned that
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Degradation & Stability, Vol. 69, N
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conformance to researchers’ requi
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This part is assembled of pneumatic
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matrixes describe the state of the
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values influence of themeasurement
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Figure 1. Friction stir weldinga -
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(t 2 t
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M fr / T [-] [-]10.90.80.70.60.50.4
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M fr / T [-]10.90.80.70.60.50.40.30
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experimentally determined that for
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4. DISCUSSIONAccording to the theor
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2.1 The life cycle of the reportThe
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Obviously the report is checked and
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uticaja na osnovu kompozita, a time
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5. ZAKLJUČCIStruktura tiksolivene
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dobijene različite karakteristike
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vizuelno, na dnevnoj svetlosti, pod
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LITERATURA[1] Зинченко В.
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Slika 1. Rotorni bager - glodar VII
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stvaraju sliku stanja i svoja zapa
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njihovih kotrljanih elemenata. Mere
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postupka i uticaja parametara depoz
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posledica različite raspodele mikr
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ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 je takođe zbog oksid
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3.2 Pneumatska osetljivostOblast pr
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p mg (δ), koji je zbog malih struj
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PNEUMATIC PROBE HEAD SELECTION FOR
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1. Podsistem kopanja2. Podsistem pr
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Slika 3. Kriva habanjaNa tom dijagr
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Mjereni su parametri habanja i pril
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preše prevladavaju kombinirani uvj
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a) b)Slika 5. Karakteristična mikr
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varijantnih materijala u dostavnom
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Jovanović D. 414, 446KKaleicheva J
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CIP - Каталогизација
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