Proceedings of SerbiaTrib '13

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Slika 2. (SEM) morfologija čestica prahaZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3Uzorci za merenje tvrdoće i metalografskaispitivanja su pravougaoni 70 × 20 × 1,5 mm, doksu za zateznu čvrstoću spoja korišćeni cilindričniuzorci Ø25 × 50 mm.Merenja mikrotvrdoća su izvršena korišćenjemVikers dijamant piramide indenter i 100 gramaopterećenje (HV 0.1 ). Merenje je obavljeno u pravcuduž lamela, u sredini i na krajevima uzorka. Na petmesta sprovedeno je pet očitavanja a prikazane suminimalne i maksimalne vrednosti.Testovi zatezne čvrstoće spoja su vršeni nasobnoj temperaturi na hidrauličnoj opremi sabrzinom od 10 mm/min, za sva ispitivanja.Čvrstoća je izračunata tako što se opterećenjekidanja deli sa površinom poprečnog presekauzorka. Geometrija uzoraka je u skladu sa ASTMC633 standardom, koji je detaljnije obrađen u radu[23]. Korišćeni su u paru dva uzoraka, od kojih jeprevlaka deponovana samo na jednom od njih.Uzorci su zalepljeni lepkom i čuvani pod pritiskomjedni prema drugom u peći na temperaturi od 180°C za 2 sata. Za svaki grupu uzoraka urađene su triepruvete a prikazane su minimalne i maksimalnevrednosti. Mehaničke i mikrostrukturnekarakterizacije dobijenih prevlaka su izvršeneprema standardu Pratt & Whitney [24].Mikrostrukturna analiza prevlaka i imageanaliza udela mikro pora sa oksidima u veznimprevlakama i udela mikro pora u keramičkimprevlakama urađena je na svetlosnom mikroskopu.Morfologija čestica praha i morfologija površinekeramičke prevlake urađena je na SEM-u (skeningelektronskom mikroskopu).2.2 Plazma sprej parametriDepozicija prahova je urađena sa atmosferskiplazma sprej sistemom firme Plasmadyne i plazmapištoljem SG-100, sa odgovarajućim robotizovanimkontrolnim sprej uslovima. Plazma pištolj SG-100 sesastojao od katode tipa K 1083-129, anode tipa A2084-145 i gas injektora tipa GI 2083-113. Za svedeponovane prevlake kao lučni gas korišćen je Ar ukombinaciji sa He i snaga napajanja od 40 KW.Plazma sprej parametri depozicije su prikazani utabeli 1. Pre procesa deponovanja površine čeličnihsubstrata su hrapavljene sa česticama korunda veličineod 0,7 – 1,5 mm i predgrejane na temperaturu od 160– 180 °C. Vezne prevlake VP – NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 sudeponovane sa jednim prolazom plazma pištoljadebljine 0,068 – 0,093 mm. Sve keramičke prevlakesu deponovane sa 15 prolaza plazma pištolja. PrevlakaA – ZrO 2 MgO je deponovana sa debljinom 0,486 –0,50 mm, prevlaka B – ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 sa debljinom 0,375– 0,41 mm i prevlaka C – ZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3 sadebljinom 0,425 – 0,470 mm.Tabela 1. Parametri depozicije prevlakaVP – NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 , A – ZrO 2 MgO, B – ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 iC – ZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3Parametri depozicije VP A B CPlazma struja, I (A) 900 900 900 900Plazma napon, U (V) 38 38 38 38Primarni plazma gasprotok Ar, l/min47 47 47 47Sekundarni plazma gasprotok He, l/min12 12 12 12Noseći gasprotok Ar, l/min5 7 6 6Protok praha, g/min 60 50 50 50Odstojanje substrata, mm 115 100 90 903. REZULTATI I DISKUSIJA3.1 MikrotvrdoćaVrednosti mikrotvrdoće za sve vezne prevlakeNiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 su izmerene u rasponu od min. 279HV 0.1 do max. 322 HV 0.1 . Raspodele mikrotvrdoće uveznim prevlakama su posledica različite raspodelemikro pora i oksida u deponovanim slojevima. Ovevrednosti su potvrđene image analizom priodređivanju ukupnog sadržaja mikro pora i oksida uveznim slojevima. Na slici 3 su prikazane min. imax. vrednosti mikrotvrdoće keramičkih prevlaka A– ZrO 2 MgO, B – ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 i C – ZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3 .Kao što se i očekivalo za sve tri keramičkeprevlake dobile su se različite vrednostimikrotvrdoće kao posledica uticaja različitih vrsta isadržaja stabilizatora MgO, Y 2 O 3 i kombinacijeCeO 2 Y 2 O 3 . Najveće vrednosti mikrotvrdoće suizmerene u keramičkim slojevima A – ZrO 2 MgO saraspodelom mikrotvrdoće od min. 611 do max. 662HV 0.1 , a najmanje vrednosti mikrotvrdoće suizmerene u slojevima C – ZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3 saraspodelom mikrotvrdoće od min. 525 do max. 542HV 0.1 . Raspodele mikrotvrdoće u keramičkimprevlakama su, kao i u veznim prevlakama,428 13 th International Conference on Tribology – Serbiatrib’13
posledica različite raspodele mikro pora ukeramičkim slojevima. Najmanja raspodelamikrotvrdoće je izmerena u keramičkim slojevimaC – ZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3 , a najveća u keramičkimslojevima A – ZrO 2 MgO. Raspodele vrednostimikrotvrdoće u keramičkim slojevima su bile uskladu sa sadržajem mikro pora, što su potvrdileimage analize keramičkih prevlaka.Zatezna čvrstoća spoja, MPa7006005004003002001000611 662 514 552 525 542A B CPrevlakeSlika 3. Mikrotvrdoća prevlaka3.2 Zatezna čvrstoća spojaNa slici 4 su prikazane min. i max. vrednostizatezne čvrstoće spoja sistema prevlakaNiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 / ZrO 2 MgO, NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 i NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 / ZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3 .Zatezna čvrstoća spoja, MPa605040302010035 3646 47A B CPrevlake52 53Slika 4. Zatezna čvrstoća spoja prevlakaZa sve sisteme prevlaka su izmerene dobrevrednosti zatezne čvrstoće spoja. Predgrevanjesubstrata je omogućilo da se deponuju prevlake sadobrim vezivanjem lamela vezne prevlake zasupstrate i lamela vezne prevlake sa keramičkimlamelama. Veća temperatura substrata je uticala napovećanje adhezije prevlaka, mehaničkih svojstavai poboljšanje mikrostrukture, što su potvrdilametalografska ispitivanja.Najveće vrednosti zatezne čvrstoće spoja jeimao sistem prevlaka NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3 sa rasponom od 52 – 53 MPa, anajniže vrednosti sistem prevlaka NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 /ZrO 2 MgO sa rasponom od 35 – 36 MPa. OksidY 2 O 3 koji je istovremeno bio prisutan u veznoNiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 i keramičkoj prevlaciZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3 je uticao na bolju inter-lamelarnukohezivnu čvrstoću između dve prevlake. Sistemprevlaka NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 / ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 je iz istograzloga imao veću vrednost zatezne čvrstoće spojasa raspodelom od 46 – 47 MPa u odnosu na TBCsistem NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 / ZrO 2 MgO. Izmerenevrednosti su potvrdile da temperatura substrata imabitan uticaj na zatezne čvrstoće spoja. Za sveuzorke lom se dešavao na interfejsu između veznihslojeva i substrata.3.3 MikrostrukturaImage analiza veznih prevlaka NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3je pokazala da je ukupan sadržaj mikro pora ioksida u slojevima bio od min. 18 % do max. 22 %.Raspon ukupnog sadržaja mikro pora i oksida uveznim prevlakama su posledica različite raspodelemikro pora i oksida u deponovanim slojevima. Naslici 5 je prikazana mikrostruktura vezne prevlakeNiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 u sistemu sa keramičkomprevlakom ZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3 . Vezni slojevi imajuuniformnu lamelarnu strukturu. Granice nainterfejsu između podloge i prevlake se jasno moguvideti. Na interfejsu sa podlogom i keramičkimslojem nisu prisutne mikro pukotine i makropukotine i ne postoji odvajanje slojeva prevlake iljuštenje sa metalnih substrata.Slika 5. Mikrostruktura prevlake NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3Kroz slojeve NiCrAlCoY 2 O 3 prevlake se jasnouočavaju tamni lamelarni oksidi i mikro pore.Podužne oksidne lamele oksida su formirane utečnom stanju u plazmi [8].SEM analiza morfologije površine keramičkeprevlake ZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3 pokazuje potpunotopljenje i razlivanje keramičkih čestica naprethodno deponovani keramički sloj. Na slici 6 jeprikazana SEM mikr<strong>of</strong>otografija površinekeramičke prevlake ZrO 2 CeO 2 Y 2 O 3 .13 th International Conference on Tribology – Serbiatrib’13 429
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SerbianTribologySocietyFacultyofEng
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Serbian Tribology SocietyUniversity
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Supported byMinistry of Education,
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PrefaceThe International Conference
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ContentsPlenary Lectures1. THE GREE
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27. WEAR CHARACTERISTICS OF HYBRID
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Tribometry57. PRELIMINARY STUDY ON
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Plenary Lectures13 th International
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Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB
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Figure 4. Diagram of the height and
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Realization of the approach is base
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edge without chamfer and smaller ra
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Figure 7. Accumulated tool life in
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Figure 13. Calculated and measured
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Friction deformation of the bronze
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engine cylinders of 2-cylinder-twot
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Table 1: Chemical composition of sa
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Table 4: Comparative wear-resistanc
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- measuring of coating thickness h
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Figure 5. Functional scheme of the
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Table 2. Test results for massive w
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knowledge transfer in the field ofm
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Table 1. Parameters of the electroc
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Figure 6. Wear resistance by linear
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coatings and observed their good we
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c)a)Figure 2: SEM images and micros
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Room temperature 300°CNi/µSiCNiNi
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COF [-] COF [-]Fig.9: COF graphs at
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about 260 nm is related to isolated
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contact’s conformity [18] they ob
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In order to calculate the metallic
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microscopic inspection of the Rp3 s
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otating plate. The shaft passes thr
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similar trends of variation are obs
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smooth, gear fiber-mild steel rough
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[2] Tabor, D.: “Friction and wear
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(10, 50 and 100 N) against surface
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[9] B.R. Gligorijevic, A. Vencl, B.
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dielectric properties, high resista
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parameter, Sv, was slightly influen
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dependence of roughness height and
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Polyethylenes with a molecular weig
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[9] K.S. Kanaga Karuppiah, A.L. Bru
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MgCO3•CaCO3 (13% Mg), and carnall
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fully compatible with MRI/MSCT imag
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5. CONCLUSIONThe magnesium alloys a
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Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP)
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C- Lower deposits with NPNA on comb
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films. Carraro et al. [10] examined
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PlateCount No.Critical Load ( N)120
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solid melt of ZA27 alloy using mech
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SiC particles are uniformly distrib
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in number of micro-cracks and clust
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PBT has the average values of the f
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mechanical pressure and thermal loa
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3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSTaking into
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[12] L. Blunt De, X. Jiang: Advance
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2. EXPERIMENTALTESTING2.1 MaterialT
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figure 3a it could be seen that the
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and lubrication is done so that the
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5. CONCLUSIONFigure 11. The accumul
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esistance was found for composite c
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onze, which is embedded within the
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The test contact pair meets the req
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complete. The SEM analysis maycontr
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tg( ) tg 100, [%] (2)tgwhere are:
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corresponding to the maximum value
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electrostatics [17]. Due to the fle
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250nm size have been observed, acco
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ETH Zurich, Switzerland, where all
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comparison with the synthetic reinf
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3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION3.1 Micros
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(a)(b)Figure 4. Showing (a) variati
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composites. But the composite compo
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coated and uncoated region after ad
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has been measured between the top s
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Fig. 9 shows the wear track obtaine
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Mica samples preparationFor the ads
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According to the AFM results in fig
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[21] B. G. Sharma et al.: Character
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chemical vapor deposition method wi
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analysis (a) and an approximate che
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Table 3. Friction coefficients of s
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A.K.Oleynik, V.M.Matsevity, ea.]. /
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Most of the friction units of produ
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In order to provide both high parts
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Fig. 3. The comparison the criterio
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Table 3. Experimental and calculate
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For developing the numerical model
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,eccentricities and hydrodynamic pr
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hydrodynamic regime. However, for b
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to obtain the temperature distribut
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force (pressure) between two contac
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5E-06The total displacement [m]4.5E
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[11]. Figure 5 shows s the influenc
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efficiency of use, product quality,
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38GSA. The chemical composition, de
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niobium. It should be noted that fo
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Figure 1. Friction force on side su
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exploitation this changing is signi
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2. EFFICIENCY OF CYCLO DRIVEEfficie
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Figure 6. Dependence of cyclo drive
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common for their ability to be inst
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FNF (11)R sin cos11 21 22FNF
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Normal force [N]4000350030002500200
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analytical tests. The analytical te
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Table 4. Results of zero samples of
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noticeable, and by the end of explo
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4. PLASTIC BEARING APPLICATIONSRega
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For Elastohydrodynamic film thickne
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The results concluded for different
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For Thrust Force of 40KNKrytox 215
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Krytox 215 (µ = 0.03204 Pa.s)Figur
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- Reliable exploitation tools, prim
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In addition, as a result of cyclic
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AcknowledgementThe part of this res
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Thepressure angle can be calculated
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mechanism these parameters are fina
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causes big changes of their propert
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Table 2. Impact toughness of some t
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Figure 1. Appearance of fractured f
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implementation of these new manugac
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additional energy is dissipated due
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The adopted geometry parameters are
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4. CONCLUSIONTools of virtual produ
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Figure 2. Structure of the machinin
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3. ANALYSIS OF RESULTSThe results o
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Figure 15. Surface roughness regard
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From the analysis of the diagram it
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comparison from economic, energy co
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Advantages and disadvantages of tra
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The information provided by footwea
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Force (N)5,554,543,532,521,510,50Ex
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additives, that had been, until rec
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Figure 1. Test results for samples
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Table 7. Test results of oil sample
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Input parameters- Current intensity
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edge formed into a thin line. At th
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Lower values of current are not res
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Table 1. Chemical composition of si
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flowable at high temperatures and v
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holes (pits) emerge in the shape of
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[4] W. Schatt, K-P. Wieters, Pulver
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assumption allows us to use, instea
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where P is the load, a - radius of
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determination (total running in tim
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μm, compared with Figure 17, wich
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Serbian TribologySocietySERBIIATRIB
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Especially when the chain transfer
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is obvious that this isa so-calledw
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winches. The authors are inclined t
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find parameters of robot laser hard
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each of which is measured by the le
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Fractal dimensions were determined
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Figure 3. Modified force acting sch
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0.25Lubricant: L3DC 04Friction coef
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nanocomposites. The influence of fi
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4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4.1 Morpho
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Figure 6. Loading and unloadin vers
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3 8 12 1 4 2 4
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The material after qualifying the r
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Page 395 and 396: conformance to researchers’ requi
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Page 413 and 414: 4. DISCUSSIONAccording to the theor
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Page 417 and 418: 2.1 The life cycle of the reportThe
Page 419: Obviously the report is checked and
Page 425 and 426: uticaja na osnovu kompozita, a time
Page 427 and 428: 5. ZAKLJUČCIStruktura tiksolivene
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Page 431 and 432: vizuelno, na dnevnoj svetlosti, pod
Page 433 and 434: LITERATURA[1] Зинченко В.
Page 435 and 436: Slika 1. Rotorni bager - glodar VII
Page 437 and 438: stvaraju sliku stanja i svoja zapa
Page 439 and 440: njihovih kotrljanih elemenata. Mere
Page 441: postupka i uticaja parametara depoz
Page 445 and 446: ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 je takođe zbog oksid
Page 449 and 450: 3.2 Pneumatska osetljivostOblast pr
Page 451 and 452: p mg (δ), koji je zbog malih struj
Page 453 and 454: PNEUMATIC PROBE HEAD SELECTION FOR
Page 455 and 456: 1. Podsistem kopanja2. Podsistem pr
Page 457 and 458: Slika 3. Kriva habanjaNa tom dijagr
Page 459 and 460: Mjereni su parametri habanja i pril
Page 461 and 462: preše prevladavaju kombinirani uvj
Page 463 and 464: a) b)Slika 5. Karakteristična mikr
Page 465: varijantnih materijala u dostavnom
Page 468 and 469: Jovanović D. 414, 446KKaleicheva J
Page 470 and 471: CIP - Каталогизација
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