Proceedings of SerbiaTrib '13

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[15] W.C. Oliver, G.M. Pharr, Measurement of Hardnessand Elastic Modulus by Instrumented Indentation:Advances in Understanding and Refinements toMethodology, J Mater Res, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 3–20,2004.[16] C.S. Han, Influence of the molecular structure onindentation size effect in polymers, MaterialsScience and Engineering A, Vol. 527, No. 3, pp.619-624, 2010.[17] Sajjad M., B. Feichtenschlager, S. Pabisch, J.Svehla, T. Koch, S. Seidler, H. Peterlik, G.Kickelbickd, Study of the effect of the concentration,size and surface chemistry of zirconia and silicananoparticle fillers within an epoxy resin on thebulk properties of the resulting nanocomposites,PolymInt, Vol. 61, pp. 274–285, 2012.[18] P.M. Nagy, D. Aranyi, P. Horváth, P. Pötschke, S.Pegel, E. Kálmán, Nanoindentation Investigation ofCarbon Nanotube - Polymer Composites,InternetElectronic Journal of Molecular Design, Vol. 5, pp.135–143, 2006.[19] J.C. Halpin, J.L.Kardos, The Halpin-Tsai equations:A review,Polym. Eng. Sci., Vol. 16, pp. 344–352,1976.[20] E.T. Thostenson, T.W. Chou, On the elasticproperties of carbon nanotube-based composites:modeling and characterization, J Phys D: ApplPhys,Vol. 36, pp. 573–82, 2003.372 13 th International Conference on Tribology – Serbiatrib’13
Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB‘1313th International Conference onTribologyKragujevac,Serbia, 15 – 17 May 2013Faculty of Engineeringin KragujevaccSOMETRIBOLOGY STATE TESTS OF “EPDM” RUBBERBASEDONLABORATORY EXPERIMENTATIONSAbhijit Mukhopadhyay**Associate Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032,India,m_obiji@yahoo.comAbstract: Rubber is very useful and suitablee material for a wide variety of engineeringg and otherapplications. Use of rubber as engineering material is not new. However, in the recent time, itss applicationis gaining importance due to several other reasons. Recent and renewed researches on rubber materialreveal its suitability forvaried engineering applications. Several researches are also going onto enhanceethe propertyrequirements of rubberr for differentt applications.Rubber possesses large elasticity compared to metals, has greater damping capability, high internal frictionand can accumulate energy greater than that of steel or other metals. During thee deformation of rubberrmaterial, e.g., by compressive force, , internal damping of thematerial leads to energydissipation. This is thecause of hysteretic friction of rubber. Friction of rubber is of great practical importance at the same time ithas many disadvantagess too.Amongst various rubber Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) rubber emerges as a dominantelastomer for major engineering applications in automobiles, constructions,electric andelectroniccindustries etc. The major properties of EPDM are its outstanding heat, ozone o and weather resistance ability.The resistance to polar substances and steam are also good.In automobiles EPDM rubber has a common use as seals. This includes door seals, window seals, trunkseals and sometimes hood seals. Frequently these seals arethe source of noise duee to the movement of thedoor versuss the car body. This is due to frictionn between the EPDM rubber parts and the mating surfaces.Thus the contact iteration between the t rubber sealing and the indenting object o must be known to optimize theperformance of rubber sealing. It I, however, need less tomention that the behavior of any viscoelasticcmaterial is very difficultto be predicted.In the present work various tribo-characteristics of EPDM rubber of o different hardness are evaluatedutilizing thelaboratory test facilitiess available in the frame work of the mechanical engineering department,production engineeringg department and other specialization of the Jadavpur University, Kolkata.Compressiontests have been carriedout using ‘Instron’ to determine the flow behavior of EPDM rubber ofdifferent hardness values in dry as well as in different lubricated conditions. The flow behaviorr like load -elongation curves, true stress - elongation curves true stresss - true strain curves have been drawn from theexperimental data. Abrasive wear behavior has been evaluatedusing a two-body abrasion tester and the patternabrasion hasbeen appraised through SEM/EDAX X study. It hasbeen proposed to study further the wear loss usinga pin-on-plate (POP) type tribometer and conduct t fretting weartest on the same s material, that is, EPDM.Experimental results revealed that the hardnesss values of EPDM rubber had significant effectt on the flowbehavior and wear characteristics.The hardness, again, depends on the carbon black (CB) concentration.Thus it canbe stated that the flowbehavior can be governed by controlling the CB concentration in theEPDM rubber. The results of different tests followed by comparativeanalysis have been furnished in the‘result and discussion’ section of this paper.Conclusion has been drawn accordingly, highlighting someof the important tribo-characteristics of EPDMrubber as well as shedding light on various possible areas of further researches those should beundertakennin the futureto come.Keywords: EPDM, compression, flow behavior, abrasion, SEM/EDAX.13 th International Conference on Tribology – Serbiatrib’133733
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SerbianTribologySocietyFacultyofEng
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Serbian Tribology SocietyUniversity
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Supported byMinistry of Education,
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PrefaceThe International Conference
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ContentsPlenary Lectures1. THE GREE
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27. WEAR CHARACTERISTICS OF HYBRID
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Tribometry57. PRELIMINARY STUDY ON
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Plenary Lectures13 th International
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Serbian TribologySocietySERBIATRIB
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Figure 4. Diagram of the height and
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Realization of the approach is base
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edge without chamfer and smaller ra
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Figure 7. Accumulated tool life in
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Figure 13. Calculated and measured
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Friction deformation of the bronze
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engine cylinders of 2-cylinder-twot
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Table 1: Chemical composition of sa
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Table 4: Comparative wear-resistanc
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- measuring of coating thickness h
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Figure 5. Functional scheme of the
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Table 2. Test results for massive w
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knowledge transfer in the field ofm
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Table 1. Parameters of the electroc
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Figure 6. Wear resistance by linear
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coatings and observed their good we
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c)a)Figure 2: SEM images and micros
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Room temperature 300°CNi/µSiCNiNi
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COF [-] COF [-]Fig.9: COF graphs at
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about 260 nm is related to isolated
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contact’s conformity [18] they ob
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In order to calculate the metallic
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microscopic inspection of the Rp3 s
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otating plate. The shaft passes thr
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similar trends of variation are obs
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smooth, gear fiber-mild steel rough
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[2] Tabor, D.: “Friction and wear
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(10, 50 and 100 N) against surface
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[9] B.R. Gligorijevic, A. Vencl, B.
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dielectric properties, high resista
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parameter, Sv, was slightly influen
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dependence of roughness height and
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Polyethylenes with a molecular weig
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[9] K.S. Kanaga Karuppiah, A.L. Bru
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MgCO3•CaCO3 (13% Mg), and carnall
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fully compatible with MRI/MSCT imag
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5. CONCLUSIONThe magnesium alloys a
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Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP)
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C- Lower deposits with NPNA on comb
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films. Carraro et al. [10] examined
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PlateCount No.Critical Load ( N)120
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solid melt of ZA27 alloy using mech
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SiC particles are uniformly distrib
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in number of micro-cracks and clust
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PBT has the average values of the f
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mechanical pressure and thermal loa
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3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTSTaking into
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[12] L. Blunt De, X. Jiang: Advance
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2. EXPERIMENTALTESTING2.1 MaterialT
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figure 3a it could be seen that the
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and lubrication is done so that the
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5. CONCLUSIONFigure 11. The accumul
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esistance was found for composite c
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onze, which is embedded within the
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The test contact pair meets the req
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complete. The SEM analysis maycontr
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tg( ) tg 100, [%] (2)tgwhere are:
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corresponding to the maximum value
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electrostatics [17]. Due to the fle
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250nm size have been observed, acco
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ETH Zurich, Switzerland, where all
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comparison with the synthetic reinf
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3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION3.1 Micros
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(a)(b)Figure 4. Showing (a) variati
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composites. But the composite compo
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coated and uncoated region after ad
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has been measured between the top s
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Fig. 9 shows the wear track obtaine
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Mica samples preparationFor the ads
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According to the AFM results in fig
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[21] B. G. Sharma et al.: Character
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chemical vapor deposition method wi
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analysis (a) and an approximate che
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Table 3. Friction coefficients of s
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A.K.Oleynik, V.M.Matsevity, ea.]. /
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Most of the friction units of produ
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In order to provide both high parts
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Fig. 3. The comparison the criterio
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Table 3. Experimental and calculate
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For developing the numerical model
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,eccentricities and hydrodynamic pr
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hydrodynamic regime. However, for b
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to obtain the temperature distribut
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force (pressure) between two contac
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5E-06The total displacement [m]4.5E
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[11]. Figure 5 shows s the influenc
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efficiency of use, product quality,
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38GSA. The chemical composition, de
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niobium. It should be noted that fo
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Figure 1. Friction force on side su
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exploitation this changing is signi
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2. EFFICIENCY OF CYCLO DRIVEEfficie
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Figure 6. Dependence of cyclo drive
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common for their ability to be inst
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FNF (11)R sin cos11 21 22FNF
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Normal force [N]4000350030002500200
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analytical tests. The analytical te
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Table 4. Results of zero samples of
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noticeable, and by the end of explo
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4. PLASTIC BEARING APPLICATIONSRega
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For Elastohydrodynamic film thickne
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The results concluded for different
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For Thrust Force of 40KNKrytox 215
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Krytox 215 (µ = 0.03204 Pa.s)Figur
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- Reliable exploitation tools, prim
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In addition, as a result of cyclic
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AcknowledgementThe part of this res
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Thepressure angle can be calculated
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mechanism these parameters are fina
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causes big changes of their propert
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Table 2. Impact toughness of some t
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Figure 1. Appearance of fractured f
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implementation of these new manugac
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additional energy is dissipated due
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The adopted geometry parameters are
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4. CONCLUSIONTools of virtual produ
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Figure 2. Structure of the machinin
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3. ANALYSIS OF RESULTSThe results o
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Figure 15. Surface roughness regard
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From the analysis of the diagram it
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comparison from economic, energy co
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Advantages and disadvantages of tra
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The information provided by footwea
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Force (N)5,554,543,532,521,510,50Ex
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additives, that had been, until rec
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Figure 1. Test results for samples
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Table 7. Test results of oil sample
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Input parameters- Current intensity
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edge formed into a thin line. At th
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Lower values of current are not res
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Page 347 and 348: assumption allows us to use, instea
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Page 357 and 358: Especially when the chain transfer
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Page 371 and 372: Fractal dimensions were determined
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Page 381 and 382: 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION4.1 Morpho
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Page 389 and 390: The material after qualifying the r
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Page 393 and 394: Degradation & Stability, Vol. 69, N
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Page 413 and 414: 4. DISCUSSIONAccording to the theor
Page 417 and 418: 2.1 The life cycle of the reportThe
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Page 427 and 428: 5. ZAKLJUČCIStruktura tiksolivene
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Page 433 and 434: LITERATURA[1] Зинченко В.
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stvaraju sliku stanja i svoja zapa
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njihovih kotrljanih elemenata. Mere
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postupka i uticaja parametara depoz
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posledica različite raspodele mikr
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ZrO 2 Y 2 O 3 je takođe zbog oksid
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3.2 Pneumatska osetljivostOblast pr
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p mg (δ), koji je zbog malih struj
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PNEUMATIC PROBE HEAD SELECTION FOR
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1. Podsistem kopanja2. Podsistem pr
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Slika 3. Kriva habanjaNa tom dijagr
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Mjereni su parametri habanja i pril
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preše prevladavaju kombinirani uvj
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a) b)Slika 5. Karakteristična mikr
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varijantnih materijala u dostavnom
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Jovanović D. 414, 446KKaleicheva J
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CIP - Каталогизација
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