A Critical Conversation on Climate Change ... - Green Choices

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270 development dialogue september 2006 – carbon tradingIf the Karnataka project does not offset thecarbon emissions that Coldplay specified,the Carbon Neutral Company claims, itwill make good the amount from otherprojects. Coldplay is supporting a similarproject, which Carbon Neutral says ismore successful, in Chiapas, Mexico.A source close to Coldplay said that theband had ‘signed up to the scheme in goodfaith’ with the Carbon Neutral Companyand that ‘it’s in their hands. For a band onthe road all the time, it would be difficultto monitor a forest.’Source: Amrit Dhillon and Toby Harnden,‘How Coldplay’s Green Hopes Died in theArid Soil of India’, Sunday Telegraph (London),30 April 2006.against Adivasi peoples, since in India, the government claims formalownership and control over indigenous lands and resources. Access andownership rights are likely to be transformed into benefit-sharing andstakeholder-type relationships. Adivasi communities may lose their capacityto sustain food security, livelihoods, and fundamental social,cultural and spiritual ties. Lands Adivasis depend on could be classifiedas ‘wasteland’ and turned over to carbon production. In short, itis unclear how CDM projects could do anything but further entrenchdiscrimination against Adivasi communities by government authoritiesand rural elites.CDM afforestation projects can be established on lands that have notbeen forested for 50 years, and reforestation projects on lands thatwere not forested on 31 December 1989. 97 But forest conservationprojects are also on the horizon. Although conservation schemes arenot yet eligible for CDM, conservation financiers and the World Bankand Global Environment Fund are increasingly promoting the idea ofprotected areas as an additional source of carbon credits. 98 Indigenouspeoples will clearly be in for a fight should carbon sequestration andprotected area projects come together on their territories.Overall, what’s the future for CDM in India?The country is still seen as a ‘front runner’ for CDM projects. Thegovernment is determined to press forward, and a lot of carbon salesmanshipcan be expected in the years ahead. 99 But foreign investorsare worried that many projects may not get the green light from theCDM Executive Board due to being indistinguishable from businessas usual. ‘The sustainability just isn’t there,’ said one consultant employedby a European company to source carbon credits.
offsets – the fossil economy’s new arena of conflict 271No Need to Know? The Secret Economy of CarbonIn 2004, the women’s self-help group ofPowerguda village of Andhra Pradesh,India, was given cash in exchange forplanting Pongamia trees. The tree’s seedscan be used to make a petrol substitute.The women were given a certificate andusd 645 for ‘offsetting’ the emissions producedby a World Bank workshop on climatechange held in Washington, DC. 100The Bank claims that 30 years of biofueluse by government authorities in AndhraPradesh will compensate climatically forthe workshop’s emissions.The women didn’t know why they had receivedthe money. They were also un awareof the benefits that went to the carbontraders, releasers and agencies involved.The irony is that northern Andhra Pradeshhas recently been hit by one of the mostdevastating droughts ever, very possibly asa result of global warming. In the summerof 2004, the number of suicides in the provinceamong farmers driven to desperationby their crippling debts reached 3,000.The lack of discussion with affected partiesthat was evident in Andhra Pradeshappears to be a common denominator ofcarbon -saving projects nearly everywhere:• The Project Design Documents of fourdifferent Indian biomass power projectseach repeated, word for word, allegedfavourable comments made by a villagehead. All of the projects – Rithwick,Perpetual, Indur and Sri Balaji– are located in Andhra Pradesh state,but all have different characteristics andare spread over hundreds of kilometres.Even spelling mistakes were repeated inthe documents, suggesting that consultationwas not genuine. The private consultantswho prepared the documents,PriceWaterhouseCoopers and Ernst andYoung, responded lamely that identicalprojects in similar geographical locationswere likely to have similar Project DesignDocuments. 101• A senior legal officer at the West BengalPollution Control Board, BiswajitMukherjee, was surprised to learn aboutCDM support for sponge iron industriesin his state. How, Mukherjee wondered,can companies with long records of pollution,including some still paying penaltiesto the West Bengal government, start‘clean development’ projects? 102• In Uganda, community members livingclose to the UWA-FACE carbon plantationproject near Mount Elgon said thatthey knew nothing about the project’scarbon credits. Members of the Bubitasub-county local council and top districtofficials were also in the dark. Residentswanted to know about the financial benefitsFACE Foundation receives, particularlybecause the project encumbers theirland for a long time, and planned to takethe matter up with their local parliamentarian.• The Ugandan acting deputy commissionerfor forestry in the Ministry ofWater, Lands and Environment, IgnatiusOluka-Akileng, told an interviewerin 2001 that his forestry directorateknew little about carbon trades involvingstate forest lands, nor how much foreigncompanies were to gain from them,and begged the interviewer to help findinformation.
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PRESS RELEASEContact:Linda Chiavaro
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ContentsEditorial note 2Chapter 1 I
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editorial note 3in Dorset, UK - poi
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6 development dialogue september 20
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Chapter 2‘Made in the USA’A sho
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Chapter 5Ways forwardIn which the c
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ways forward 331‘Tinkering around
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ways forward 333suggests that the
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ways forward 335more stringent than
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ways forward 337Unlike carbon tradi
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ways forward 339hold little appeal
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ways forward 341Waiting their Chanc
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ways forward 343ways - many of whic
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ways forward 345energy - loan benef
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ways forward 347From an Open Letter
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ways forward 349be answered in the
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ways forward 351rogated by Indian v
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ways forward 353argue, they’ve he
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ways forward 355‘The US alone acc
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appendix - the durban declaration o
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appendix - the durban declaration o
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