A Critical Conversation on Climate Change ... - Green Choices

64 development dialogue september 2006 – carbon trading1 Sonja Boehmer-Christiansen, ‘Global ClimateProtection Policy: The Limits of Scientific Advice’,Parts 1 and 2, Global Environmental Change 4, 2 and3, 1994, pp. 140-59, 185-200.2 Karine Matthews and Matthew Paterson, ‘Boom orBust? The Economic Engine behind the Drive forClimate Change Policy’, Global Change, Peace andSecurity 17, 1, February 2005, pp. 59-75.3 See US United Nations Association archives athttp://www.unausa.org/.4 Mick Kelly, ‘Smoke and Mirrors’, Tiempo 36/37,September 2000, p. 34.5 ‘Bush Has Plans to End Oil Addiction’, CNN,31 January 2006, http://www.cnn.com/2006/POLITICS/01/31/bush.sotu.6 ‘Global Warming “Biggest Threat”’, BBC News,9 January 2004, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3381425.stm; David King, Ninth ZuckermanLecture, London, 31 October 2002, http://www.foundation.org.uk/801/311002_2.pdf.7 Carlo M. Cipolla, Before the Industrial Revolution,W.W. Norton, New York, 1993, p. 222.8 Svante Arrhenius, ‘On the Influence of CarbonicAcid in the Air upon the Temperature of theGround’, Philosophical Magazine 41, 1896, pp. 237-76.9 Joseph Fourier, ‘Mémoire sur Les Températuresdu Globe Terrestre et des Espaces Planétaires’,Mémoires de l’Académie Royale des Sciences 7, 1827,pp. 569-604.10 Thomas C. Chamberlin, ‘On a Possible Reversal ofDeep-Sea Circulation and Its Influence on GeologicClimates’, Journal of Geology 14, 1906, pp. 363-73.11 Fred Pearce, ‘The Week the Climate Changed’, NewScientist, 15 October 2005.12 Boehmer-Christiansen, op. cit. supra note 1; S.Agrawala, ‘Structural and Process History of theIPCC’, Climatic Change 39, 1998, pp. 628-32.13 Boehmer-Christiansen, op. cit. supra note 1.14 Interview with Wolfgang Sachs, Climate EquityObserver, 12 May 2001, http://www.ecoequity.org/ceo/ceo_3_4.htm.15 See, for instance, Simon Shackley and Brian Wynne,‘Representing Uncertainty in Global Climate ChangeScience and Policy: Boundary-Ordering Devices andAuthority’, Science, Technology, and Human Values21, 3, Summer 1996, pp. 275-302; Simon Shackleyet al., ‘Adjusting to Policy Expectations in ClimateChange Modeling: An Interdisciplinary Study ofFlux Adjustments in Coupled Atmosphere-OceanGeneral Circulation Models’, Climatic Change43, 1999, pp. 413-454; Brian Wynne and SimonShackley, ‘Environmental Models: Truth Machine orSocial Heuristics?’, Weather 21, 1994, pp. 6-8. Manyclimatologists continue to confuse ignorance withuncertainty and risk in their statements to the press,assigning bogus ‘probabilities’ to climate scenariosthat are likely to be invalidated by changes inthe inputs to computer models necessitated byunexpected scientific discoveries about climatechange mechanisms.16 Robert T. Watson et al., eds, Land Use, Land UseChange and Forestry (a Special Report of theIPCC), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,2000.17 M. Jonas et al., ‘Full Carbon Accounting and theKyoto Protocol: A Systems-Analytical View’, InterimReport IR-99-025, International Institute for AppliedSystems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria, 1999, p. 35.See also chapters 3 and 4.18 Larry Lohmann, ‘Carbon Con? Group Charges“Intellectual Corruption” over Global WarmingProposal’, Multinational Monitor, September 2000,p. 26. The businessman in question, Mark Trexler,has since changed his view.19 Watson et al., eds, op. cit. supra note 16, p. 58.20 Ibid., p. 139. The report also notes, but fails todraw conclusions from, the climatic irrelevanceof the accounting system proposed by the KyotoProtocol for tallying up carbon flows associated withafforestation, reforestation and deforestation (ibid.,pp. 167, 176).21 Richard Feynman, What Do You Care What OtherPeople Think?, Harper and Row, New York, 1988.22 Sheila Jasanoff, ‘Science and Norms’ in F. O.Hampson and J. Reppy, eds, Earthly Goods:Environmental Change and Social Justice, CornellUniversity Press, 1996, p. 196.23 Simon Shackley et al., op. cit. supra note 15, p. 448.24 The first chairs of Working Group III of the IPCCwere US State Department bureaucrats, and thegroup was early on dominated by legal experts andgovernment negotiators (Boehmer-Christiansen, op.cit. supra note 1, p. 149; S. Agrawala, op. cit. supranote 12, pp. 624-5).25 Brian Wynne and Simon Shackley, op. cit. supra note15, p. 7.26 Boehmer-Christiansen, op. cit. supra note 1.27 Nature, 3 August 1995; New Scientist, 19 August1995; Samuel Fankhauser, Letter to the Editor, TheEcologist 25, 4, 1995, p. 167. See also Mark Sagoff,‘Should Preferences Count?’, Land Economics 70,127, 1994; Larry Lohmann, ‘Whose Voice Is Speaking?How Public Opinion Polls and Cost-Benefit AnalysisSynthesize New Publics’ Corner House BriefingNo. 7, http://www.thecornerhouse.org.uk; and, on the