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O-123Technology Transfer Process in Public Brazilian UniversitiesLeonardo Garnica, USP Innovation Agency, BrazilAna Lucia Torkomian, UFSCAR, BrazilThe importance of the technological variable for social and economic development has been motivation for effective changes incollaboration process among national players in innovation. In Brazil, the Federal Innovation Law was launched in 2004 lookingfor and establish a legal framework for public research institutions and companies interaction based on innovation and economicincentives for collaborative innovation projects as well.The most of resources invested in R & D in Brazil are public, representing about 53% in 2007 (MCT, 2009). Public universitieswith massive research activity is the main destination of this investment, strengthening its role as the main generator ofknowledge as Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff (2000). As a result, Brazil is responsible for 2.63% of world scientific output, but withsignificant difficulty in generating wealth from that knowledge. In this context, the technology transfer from universities toindustry is a significant mechanism for raising the technological level of enterprises. Focusing on the use of academic intellectualproperty, technology transfer mentioned in this work can be defined as the process in which an invention or intellectual propertyrights of academic research is licensed or conveyed through use rights for profit-making entity and eventually marketed (Friedmanand Silberman, 2003). The licensing of university patents is a recent practice in the Brazilian context, even as the protection ofinventions came to be diligently observed after 2004. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present data showing the growth ofpatenting activity in Brazilian universities and highlighted map to analytically by means of specific cases of technology transferin these universities.There was developed an exploratory and descriptive research and study was developed under the assumptions of the qualitativemethod because it was searched for understanding in depth. The research design is multiple cases that focused on understandingthe dynamics of this recent events (EISNHARDT, 1989) and contemporary phenomena embedded in a real-life context in whichthe researcher has no control of the variables (Yin, 2001). For multicase study, we used various tools for data collection, sincequalitative research are characteristically multimethodological. The multicase study refers to three public universities in theState of Sao Paulo, Brazil's most populous and accounts for 52% of the national scientific production in 2002 (FAPESP, 2005).The study focused on licensing agreements, patents o f the following universities: University of Sao Paulo - USP, University ofCampinas – Unicamp and Federal University of São CarlosUFSCar. The data were collected mainly through primary documentsand interviews with managers of the process in businesses and universities and the academic inventor as well.The results showed a strong patenting activity of universities in the period 1999 to 2006, considering the reality of Brazilianuniversities. 371 Unicamp, USP 166, UFSCar 30. We noticed that the steps which constitute the technology transfer weresimilar, except the step regards identifying organizations for intellectual property commercialization, which in the case of USPwas the company that sought the university, at UFSCar the inventor is one who initiated the negotiations and in the case ofUnicamp’s invention the research was developed as a collaborative research. In all cases, the process was structured startingfrom the invention, from the intellectual property protection technology through the Innovation Agency of the universities, identifypartner interested in commercialization, after follows a legal process patent licensing, holding deposit / payment patent androyalties to the universities. The facts of the case highlighted key aspects of the role of actors in different stages and analysisof literature as an influence and neutrality in research directions raised by Geuna and Nesta (2006).In conclusion, based on secondary data from Brazilian universities and concrete case studies, we can noticed growing attentionand measures in the sectors of government, business and science for technological innovation, highlighting advances in Braziland the management of innovation view of propositions as complementary theoretical and Leydesforf Etzkowitz (2000) with thetriple helix model focusing on the actors of the innovation system and Chesbrough et al (2006) regarding the open innovationmodel aimed at internalizing and externalizing of technologies . In all three cases the universities had their own structures fortechnology transfer as named as Agencies for Innovation and the companies were structured for cooperation, noting that onehas for this specific sector and elsewhere to share ownership of patents resulting from collaborative research. The majorconcerns were the length of proceedings in particular within the university and specific issues such as technology valuation inthe case of UFSCar and procurement procedure in the case of USP. Looking for a wider reflection, although the methodologydoes not allow to assert challenges for technology transfer so extrapolated to other cases, it can be suggested from this studythat aspects of attachment of human resources for innovation management in universities, the non international protection fortechnologies and marketing strategies are the subject of attention to broader discussions and proposals for improvement.Madrid, October 20, 21 & 22 - 2010110
CHESBROUGH, H.; VANHAVERBEKE, W.; WEST, J. Open Innovation: Researching a new paradigm. Oxford University Press:USA, 2006.ETZKOWITZ, H.; LEYDESDORFF, L. The dynamics of innovation: from national systems and “mode 2” to a triple helix ofuniversity-industry-government relations. Research Policy, v.29, p.109-123, 2000.FAPESP. Indicadores de ciência e tecnologia do Estado de São Paulo. Disponível em < http://www.fapesp.br/indicadores2004/volume1>. Acesso em: 12 nov. 2005.FRIEDMAN, J.; SILBERMAN, J. University technology transfer: do incentives, management and location matter?. Journal ofTechnology Transfer, n. 28, p.17-30, 2003.Geuna, A. and Nesta, L J J. (2006). University patenting and its effects on academic research: The emerging Europeanevidence. Research Policy, 35, 790-807.MINISTÉRIO DE CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA – MCT. indicadores. Brasília, 2009. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 12 de Outubro de2009.EISENHARDT, K.M. Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Review, v.14, n.4, p.532-550,1989.YIN, R. K. Estudo de caso: planejamento e métodos. 2.ed. Porto Alegre: Bookman, 2001.Madrid, October 20, 21 & 22 - 2010111
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O-050IMPLICATION OF FIRMS’ LINKAG
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P-042Building Regional Competitive
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O-082Challenges for governmental ro
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Research on intelligent products wi
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Selected References- Bercovitz, J.,
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References- CABRAL, R., DAHAB, S. (
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References- Acker, Joan (1992). Gen
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O-070The Role of the University and
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O-120Absorptive capacity and the de
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O-103Determinants of scientific int
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W-11TRIPLE HELIX in R&D&I - Researc
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Contributions and implicationsThe p
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O-130The Triple Helix balancing act
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O-059Research, facilitate, evaluate
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P-047Gendered structures in academi
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Strategic implicationsGiven the foc
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O-098The role of Tunisian universit
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ST-10Alliance Capability in Tunisia
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O-139Individual-level antecedents o
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P-008THE STATE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INN
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ST-04LINKAGES BETWEEN THE DEVELOPME
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P-009INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY - AN IMP
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O-106The multiple historical hermen
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O-113Triple Helix System: The Heart
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Implications of the FindingsBased o
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Results and ImplicationsAn enhanced
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ReferencesChaminade, C. and Edquist
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Main References:1. Etzkowitz H., Th
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• Findings,In the analysis of the
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O-026Collaborative Innovation in Tr
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Impact and ContributionThis pilot s
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ReferencesAsheim, B., Benneworth, P
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They must work on each of the next
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P-015A discussion on the Triple Hel
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O-125Technology Transfer from Unive
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References:Daghfous, A., Michael, H
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Norwegian processing industry speci
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ReferencesCooke, P. and Morgan, K.
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Facilitating linkagesLester (2003)
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arely oriented explicitly to a part
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Consulting/servicingFaculty consult
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O-047Do foreign authors strengthen
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O-007Technological collaboration an
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O-094Academic entrepreneurship in d
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P-021Complementary or substitution
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O-097Software clusters in Brazil: a
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ST-14Evaluation and dissemination o
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References:- Amin, A. and Roberts,
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P-002Doing gender in Sweden’s inn
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O-054Triple Helix Relations as Cons
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P-006Why are WE not more Attractive
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W-06University-industry-government
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ST-07The Architecture of Innovation
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O-105The role of higher education i
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Contributions and ImplicationBy app
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References:- Colciencias 2008. Colo
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CONTRIBUTIONS AND IMPLICATIONSWe be
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- experts that were involved in the
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O-116The Triple Helix of a Regional
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- University-Industry- Government I
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- ETZKOWITZ, H.; LEYDESDORFF, L. Un
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REFERENCES- Borrell-Damian, L (2009
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Contributions and implicationsThe u
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O-134The determinants of entreprene
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O-091Caring for the business platfo
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P-054"I do not know if this is a go
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O-111JUMPSTARTING THE TRIPLE HELIX
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References- Coase, R. (1988). The F
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References- BAIN, J. S. Industrial
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References- Clark, A. (2004). Evalu
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Reference- Etzkowitz Henry, MIT and
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W-05Is industry-university interact
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O-021Motivation, obstacles and stra
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P-043Webometrics analysis of public
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O-093STI-DUI Innovation Profiles an
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O-118Technological Parks in Mexico:
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References:- Berman, E. P. (2008) W
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REFERENCES- BALLON, P.; PIERSON, J.
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- with foreign actors concerning di
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incubation houses operating in deve
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P-045Roles of the 3rd Strand of the
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P-007NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS IN ST
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O-045Empowering a State's Developme
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O-107Academic Research Groups and T
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ST-06University Patenting and Licen
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W-28Total Control? The gendering of
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O-015Stages of Development of Enter
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W-21To Join or Not to Join: Individ
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P-055Academic entrepreneurship in t
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References:- Admade, M.T. and Romer
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'Technologies for the marketing of
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References- Audretsche, D.B. (1998)
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P-013Determinants of university-ind
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O-051“COMMUNICATION CHANNELS AMON
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O-041Towards a Knowledge Society:Ex
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P-036Research and Innovation privat
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P-026AGROPOLIS DEL NORTE : a local
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- Etzkowitz, H, 2004, The evolution
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attitude and a scientific approach.
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models for conduct his/hers process
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terms of the addition of a fourth s
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Desarrollo and Global Entrepreneurs
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- Ehikhamenor, F.A., (2003). Intern
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References:- Roberts E. B. and Eesl
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some evidence that there might be p
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universities in the "knowledge soci
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Feldman (2006), and are not conside
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W-19Fostering Team Science:Innovati
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O-025The dynamic evolution of knowl
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O-055The evolvement of triple helix
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W-41Resource Mobilization and Busin
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faculties of Engineering, Science a
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O-002Patterns of the Innovation Eco
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Bibliographic references- ETZKOWITZ
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References- Bercovitz, J, and Feldm
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References- Boden, Mark e Miles, Ia
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References- Gibbons M., Limoge C.,
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References- Brimble, P. & Doner, R.
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O-101HOW MUCH THE ROLE OF THE OTHER
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O-090PUBLIC PROGRAMME CONTEXTS AND
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O-075The effectiveness of universit
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O-076Technology Transfer in a Publi
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O-052Between Myth and Reality: Deve
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O-017Characterising Triple Helix li
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P-004STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF EXTERNA
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O-140Analysing entrepreneurial arch
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O-104The co-evolvement of local dev
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P-031Context Factors Moderating the
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P-019Conception of the Development
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O-088Key Ingredients of Innovation:
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Methodology and research designData
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References:- Chesbrough, H. (2003).
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At present, government policy in Th
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O-092Increase in Effectiveness of T
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O-115Analysis of the conception, mo
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O-036A PROPOSAL TO INTEGRATE THE UN
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O-039NC State’s Centennial Campus
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O-068The Impacts of Seed Grants as
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O-123 Technology Transfer Process i
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ST-15 The Critical Constructivism o
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