TRIPLE HELIX noms.pmd

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P-042Building Regional Competitive Advantage - The Sintra and LisbonMetropolitan Area Case-StudyJoão B.F.M. Agrela, New University of Lisbon, School of Social and Human Sciences, Lisbon, Portugal1. IntroductionIn an essay made with a colleague during my Geography and Regional Planning degree we attempted to ascertain the possibilityof a Tourism Cluster localized in the region of Sintra, 30 kilometres west of Lisbon (based on Porters Report of PortugueseCompetitiveness that indicated Tourism as a sector for clusterization). Having in mind the growing need for knowledge basedeconomies as the best way to organize a society for innovation and Sustained Development, we attempted to describe theRegion from the Triple Helix's point of view. Tourism, having the special characteristic of having, theoretically, no two equalproducts, and not having the traditional dichotomy of production/consumption (CUNHA, 2003), is in need of constant innovation.The Tourism market is highly dynamic but it does not tend to innovate. Instead it tends to mimic other products that the TourismAgents think will do well in their region.But this mimicry is not necessarily good for the region because each region has specificities and environmental needs andfragilities that may put in risk the future of the Tourism sector itself.The Triple Helix has a potential to create new, specific, regional ways to sustainably guarantee the future of the sector identifyingnew regional products and their viability, for it is clear that a regional approach based on endogenous resources is the best wayto assure a Sustainable Tourism. In fact, Etzkowitz (2003) states that "developing countries add regions have the possibility ofmaking rapid progress by basing their development strategies on the construction of niche knowledge sources".Nowadays Portuguese Tourism initiatives are not based on regional endogenous resources (and regional cargo capacities) butinstead in transnational ideas of what is good for tourism. This paper is based on Etzkowitz's belief of the possibility of progressinherent to the Triple Helix and the reality of Tourism and its limitations.2. Research FocusThe research focused mainly on ascertaining the degree of adaptability of Porter's Competitive Diamond and Ertzkowitz's TripleHelix to the region of Sintra, comparing the reality observed in loco with an idealized view of a knowledge-based Tourism Sector.It was especially focused on a study (AGRELA, ESTEVES, 2009) of the existing interactions, dynamics and infra-structuresavailable and existing conditions for innovation available for the 3 sections of the Helix.3. MethodologyThe chosen methodology to ascertain the Reality and future possibilities of the Tourism Sector in Sintra was:" Hypothesis on what the state of Tourism Reality should be, based on the Triple Helix and Porter's Diamond;" Data collection: Statistical Information, Interviews with Tourism Agents (mainly tourism agencies, and Local and NationalGovernment agents (Vice-Director of Turismo de Portugal, Town Hall Vereador for Tourism and Culture;" Calculation of several Regional Economic Indicators so as to understand the regional dynamics between Sintra, Lisbon andCascais;" Findings and comparison with the idealized Knowledge-Based Sector;" Suggestions.This methodology provided good results, even though we had no effective support from any Social Studies Laboratory orGovernment or Tourist Agents.4. FindingsIn the study it was found that clusters are not present and there is no Triple Helix in the region. In fact, Government severelylimits Tourism endeavours in the Region, there are no Risk Taking initiatives or entrepreneurs (much on account of Portugueserecent History that resulted on a much to prudent entrepreneur class) and the new role of Universities in light of the Triple Helixis not present. Nonetheless, it is stated and affirmed that a Triple Helix is possible in the region for we identified local Tourismspecialized universities that, associated with the right companies and government agents, might help in advancing a new modelof Sustainable Tourism in the Region. It was also found that the Government Agents have the will and are open to dialogue withother agents to promote a better, endogenously specialised Tourism, supported and augmenting the Regions CompetitiveAdvantage.5. Contributions and implicationsThe future implications of a well established Triple Helix of Tourism related industries are clear (assuming that it is a true TripleHelix, that results in true innovations and not an Etatistic or Laissez-faire Model) in so much as Etzkowitz states that a Broad-Based research university should invest in research areas with economic potential. This research can also be traditionallyproblem oriented and in the case of Tourism, Universities have a yet badly understood part:" Creation of new Tourism Products;" Creation and divulgation of a new paradigm of Sustainable Tourism;" New hypothesis for the identification of endogenous Tourism resources;" Cost reductions.Madrid, October 20, 21 & 22 - 20106
Finally, in another point of view, I must point out that a significant part of the successful Tourism initiatives in Sintra may serveas a starting point to the validation or refutation of Brännback, Carsrud, Krueger, Jr., and Elfving (2005) article "Challenging theTriple Helix model of regional innovation systems.", because most of the true local innovation seems to take place by individualinitiative or micro companies with no apparent link to Universities or industries. The DNA-like Double Helix of EntrepreneurialAssets, Innovation Assets and Bridging Assets may find a good testing ground in this region.Madrid, October 20, 21 & 22 - 20107
Page 4 and 5: O-050IMPLICATION OF FIRMS’ LINKAG
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Results and ImplicationsAn enhanced
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Findings, Implications and Contribu
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References- Archibugi, D., B-A. Lun
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We construct a set of dependent var
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ResultsThe results show that (i) th
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FindingsThe foresight proceedings a
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O-079Universities and Economic Deve
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O-001TRIPLE HELIX MODEL TO CREATE G
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O-033PROMOTION OF THE ENTREPRENEURI
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O-086Innovation Challenges and Oppo
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O-085BEWARE OF THE RED QUEENTariq D
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P-017University cluster: Russian ex
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O-053The Triple Helix of Knowledge:
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O-131Forms and barriers in inter-fi
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O-011CONTRIBUTION OF UNIVERSITIES T
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References (some main references)-
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The entrepreneurial university mode
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Keywords: Local Innovation Systems
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O-056THE ROLE OF TRIPLE HELIX ORGAN
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O-095Sustainable Triple Helix exper
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O-009Interaction Between the Univer
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2002.Disponível em: http://www.cas
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Both companies operate within the o
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Reference- Abe, S. (1998) “Region
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1) The strong engagement and the su
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3 Researching focusTo demonstrate t
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FindingsThe general-model shows tha
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CHESBROUGH, H.; VANHAVERBEKE, W.; W
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This paper employs a multiple case
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O-081Entrepreneurial Intentions & M
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2.2. Reasons behind Scientific Mobi
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Surveys and empirical findings of p
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** 1.000 .053 .230 -.093 .355** .05
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N3 I am working on to create a larg
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P-005Management of Intellectual Pro
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O-005Innovation systems in Norwegia
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322.00Amita SahayaJennie Granat Tho
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W-23When Triple Helix UnravelsDenis
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P-041Climate for Innovation: a stud
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P-056"Hands on for a sustainable ch
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MethodologyWe try to identify the t
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O-057Unraveling a large-scale innov
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P-011Inside the Pandora box of the
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O-042Interaction between Universiti
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P-048Government and public policy i
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Contribution and implicationsOur re
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Recombination of three sub-dynamics
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REFERENCES- Audretsch, D. B., B. Bo
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Our analysis shows that the suppose
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7. ReferencesChudnovsky, D., Lopez,
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FindingsOwnership trends reveal thr
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O-141Strategic openness for success
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ReferencesChaminade, C. and Edquist
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Main References:1. Etzkowitz H., Th
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• Findings,In the analysis of the
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O-026Collaborative Innovation in Tr
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Impact and ContributionThis pilot s
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ReferencesAsheim, B., Benneworth, P
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They must work on each of the next
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P-015A discussion on the Triple Hel
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O-125Technology Transfer from Unive
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References:Daghfous, A., Michael, H
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Norwegian processing industry speci
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ReferencesCooke, P. and Morgan, K.
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Facilitating linkagesLester (2003)
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arely oriented explicitly to a part
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Consulting/servicingFaculty consult
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O-047Do foreign authors strengthen
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O-007Technological collaboration an
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O-094Academic entrepreneurship in d
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P-021Complementary or substitution
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O-097Software clusters in Brazil: a
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ST-14Evaluation and dissemination o
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References:- Amin, A. and Roberts,
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P-002Doing gender in Sweden’s inn
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O-054Triple Helix Relations as Cons
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P-006Why are WE not more Attractive
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W-06University-industry-government
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ST-07The Architecture of Innovation
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O-105The role of higher education i
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Contributions and ImplicationBy app
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References:- Colciencias 2008. Colo
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CONTRIBUTIONS AND IMPLICATIONSWe be
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- experts that were involved in the
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O-116The Triple Helix of a Regional
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- University-Industry- Government I
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- ETZKOWITZ, H.; LEYDESDORFF, L. Un
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REFERENCES- Borrell-Damian, L (2009
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Contributions and implicationsThe u
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O-134The determinants of entreprene
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O-091Caring for the business platfo
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P-054"I do not know if this is a go
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O-111JUMPSTARTING THE TRIPLE HELIX
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References- Coase, R. (1988). The F
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References- BAIN, J. S. Industrial
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References- Clark, A. (2004). Evalu
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Reference- Etzkowitz Henry, MIT and
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W-05Is industry-university interact
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O-021Motivation, obstacles and stra
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P-043Webometrics analysis of public
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O-093STI-DUI Innovation Profiles an
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O-118Technological Parks in Mexico:
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References:- Berman, E. P. (2008) W
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REFERENCES- BALLON, P.; PIERSON, J.
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- with foreign actors concerning di
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incubation houses operating in deve
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P-045Roles of the 3rd Strand of the
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P-007NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS IN ST
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O-045Empowering a State's Developme
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O-107Academic Research Groups and T
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ST-06University Patenting and Licen
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W-28Total Control? The gendering of
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O-015Stages of Development of Enter
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W-21To Join or Not to Join: Individ
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P-055Academic entrepreneurship in t
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References:- Admade, M.T. and Romer
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'Technologies for the marketing of
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References- Audretsche, D.B. (1998)
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P-013Determinants of university-ind
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O-051“COMMUNICATION CHANNELS AMON
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O-041Towards a Knowledge Society:Ex
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P-036Research and Innovation privat
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P-026AGROPOLIS DEL NORTE : a local
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- Etzkowitz, H, 2004, The evolution
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attitude and a scientific approach.
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models for conduct his/hers process
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terms of the addition of a fourth s
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Desarrollo and Global Entrepreneurs
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- Ehikhamenor, F.A., (2003). Intern
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References:- Roberts E. B. and Eesl
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some evidence that there might be p
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universities in the "knowledge soci
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Feldman (2006), and are not conside
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W-19Fostering Team Science:Innovati
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O-025The dynamic evolution of knowl
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O-055The evolvement of triple helix
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W-41Resource Mobilization and Busin
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faculties of Engineering, Science a
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O-002Patterns of the Innovation Eco
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Bibliographic references- ETZKOWITZ
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References- Bercovitz, J, and Feldm
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References- Boden, Mark e Miles, Ia
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References- Gibbons M., Limoge C.,
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References- Brimble, P. & Doner, R.
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O-101HOW MUCH THE ROLE OF THE OTHER
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O-090PUBLIC PROGRAMME CONTEXTS AND
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O-075The effectiveness of universit
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O-076Technology Transfer in a Publi
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O-052Between Myth and Reality: Deve
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O-017Characterising Triple Helix li
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P-004STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF EXTERNA
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O-140Analysing entrepreneurial arch
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O-104The co-evolvement of local dev
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P-031Context Factors Moderating the
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P-019Conception of the Development
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O-088Key Ingredients of Innovation:
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Methodology and research designData
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References:- Chesbrough, H. (2003).
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At present, government policy in Th
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O-092Increase in Effectiveness of T
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O-115Analysis of the conception, mo
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O-036A PROPOSAL TO INTEGRATE THE UN
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O-039NC State’s Centennial Campus
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O-068The Impacts of Seed Grants as
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O-123 Technology Transfer Process i
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ST-15 The Critical Constructivism o
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