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ST-08"High-Tech industries and knowledge-intensive services: why these activitiesare the core business for São Paulo competitiveness?"Carlos Torres Freire, Alexandre Abdal, Brazilian Center For Analysis and Planning, BRAZILIndustrial restructuring during the last 30 years demands a new way of looking at how goods and services are produced. The aimof this paper is to analyze the industrial structure of Sao Paulo's economy focusing on knowledge and technology and arguethat specific sectors are especially important for the future of this city in a knowledge age.Knowledge creation and diffusion, technology change and innovation processes are essential factors for the competitiveness offirms, regions, and countries also in order to achieve a long-term growth. Knowledge-based or high-tech sectors are the corebusinesses for industrial restructuring in developed countries; they provide the inputs for modernizing production chains, arecarriers and diffusers of knowledge, as well as central nodes in innovation systems.Debates on the industrial structure change after the 80's and 90's in Brazil show the need to consider knowledge, technologyand innovation in the analysis of local development processes as well as to highlight which sectors can lead to a morecompetitive city in the knowledge era.In order to understand the changes in Sao Paulo's production system, it is necessary to consider them as part of a broaderprocess in the global economy that involves: (i) the new international division of labor; and (ii) the prominence of knowledge,learning and innovation in successful long-term economic growth processes. In the first case, manufacturing firms outsourceless intensive activities and concentrate their efforts on their core business, especially in the richest cities of the developedworld, opening up opportunities for other regions and countries. Regarding the second one, knowledge flows and the coproductionof new ideas through networks (among firms, universities and public agencies) and learning processes feed innovationand are central for competitiveness (Boden e Miles, 2000; Lundvall, 1996; Torres-Freire, 2006).In this new context new activities are created and others become more important. Independent of being manufacturing or serviceactivities, the literature suggests that they are focused in producing value-added goods, employ more skilled workforce and paybetter salaries. Examples are the so called knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) - such as software, computingsystems, telecommunications, engineering, marketing, research, financial activities, media, education and health - ormicroelectronics, industrial automation, optic and medical equipments and biotechnology.The industrial structure in Sao Paulo city is highly diversified and, according to the new needs for a more knowledge andtechnology intensive production, new sectors have been developed in recent years - the Information Technology sector, forexample. In this paper we analyze the characteristics of these knowledge and technology intensive activities in order to showtheir importance to Sao Paulo's economic future.Rather than simply arguing that Sao Paulo has experienced a deindustrialization - or the opposite, meaning that manufacturingis still the engine of the city's economy -, we argue that it is more important to analyze the manufacturing that remain in the cityafter the industrial restructuring. In the same way, instead of feeding a weak analytical argument which claims Sao Paulo as a"services metropolis", it is more important to understand which service activities have been created or strengthened in pastdecades. In this context, it is also necessary to consider how the universities, research centers and R&D labs in Sao Paulo -some of them, the most important in Brazil - relate to the new industrial structure.There are no clear analyses about the share of knowledge and technology activities in Sao Paulo or about the concentration ofthese activities in the city. This paper tackles these problems highlighting both the characteristics (firms, employment, income,workforce skills and salaries) of these activities and their spatial distribution in the city. In order to do this, we use a classificationof economic activities that considers different levels of technology and knowledge, based on categories previously used by theOrganization for Economic Co-operation and Development (level of technology in manufacturing sectors) and Eurostat (knowledgeintensity in services).Analyzing the industrial structure with a classification based on the level of technology and knowledge is useful when dealingwith the question of competitiveness because it highlights the opposition between more knowledge and technology intensiveactivities versus less intensive ones. Hence, we go beyond the simplistic opposition between manufacturing and services andput on the agenda the relevance of knowledge and technology for social and economic development, especially in developingcountries' cities in a knowledge era.Questions guiding this paper:(i) What is the importance of knowledge and technology intensive activities in Sao Paulo?(ii) What is the share of these activities in terms of employment generation, income, and salaries?(iii) How skilled is the workforce in these sectors?(iv) How does the spatial distribution of these activities look like in São Paulo and how concentrated are they?The paper is structured as follows:1) Introduction: briefly presents the debate on knowledge and technology intensive activities and the main research questions.2) Methodology: explains the classification based on the level of technology and knowledge.3) Analysis: applies the classification to a data base of firms and employment, through tables and thematic maps showsresearch findings about the importance of these sectors for the city and their geographical concentration.4) Conclusions.Madrid, October 20, 21 & 22 - 2010338
References- Boden, Mark e Miles, Ian (2000). Services and the knowledge-based economy. London and New York: Ed. Continuum.- Lundvall, Bengt-Ake (1996). "The Social Dimension of the Learning Economy". Danish Research Unit for Industrial DynamicsDRUID Working Paper n. 96-1.- Muller, Emmanuel e Zenker, Andréa (2001). "Business services as actors of knowledge transformation and diffusion". Institutefor systems and innovation research, Karlshure.- Torres-Freire, Carlos (2006). KIBS no Brasil: Um estudo sobre os serviços empresariais intensivos em conhecimento naregião metropolitana de São Paulo. Universidade de São Paulo.Madrid, October 20, 21 & 22 - 2010339
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O-050IMPLICATION OF FIRMS’ LINKAG
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P-042Building Regional Competitive
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O-082Challenges for governmental ro
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W-07FAPERJ’S CHANGING ROLE IN SUP
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Research on intelligent products wi
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Selected References- Bercovitz, J.,
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References- CABRAL, R., DAHAB, S. (
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References- Acker, Joan (1992). Gen
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O-070The Role of the University and
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O-120Absorptive capacity and the de
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O-103Determinants of scientific int
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W-11TRIPLE HELIX in R&D&I - Researc
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Contributions and implicationsThe p
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O-130The Triple Helix balancing act
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O-059Research, facilitate, evaluate
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P-047Gendered structures in academi
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Strategic implicationsGiven the foc
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O-098The role of Tunisian universit
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ST-10Alliance Capability in Tunisia
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O-139Individual-level antecedents o
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P-008THE STATE OF TECHNOLOGICAL INN
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ST-04LINKAGES BETWEEN THE DEVELOPME
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P-009INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY - AN IMP
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O-106The multiple historical hermen
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O-113Triple Helix System: The Heart
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Implications of the FindingsBased o
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Results and ImplicationsAn enhanced
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Findings, Implications and Contribu
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References- Archibugi, D., B-A. Lun
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We construct a set of dependent var
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ResultsThe results show that (i) th
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FindingsThe foresight proceedings a
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O-079Universities and Economic Deve
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O-001TRIPLE HELIX MODEL TO CREATE G
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O-033PROMOTION OF THE ENTREPRENEURI
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O-086Innovation Challenges and Oppo
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O-085BEWARE OF THE RED QUEENTariq D
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P-017University cluster: Russian ex
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O-053The Triple Helix of Knowledge:
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O-131Forms and barriers in inter-fi
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O-011CONTRIBUTION OF UNIVERSITIES T
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References (some main references)-
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The entrepreneurial university mode
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Keywords: Local Innovation Systems
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O-056THE ROLE OF TRIPLE HELIX ORGAN
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O-095Sustainable Triple Helix exper
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O-009Interaction Between the Univer
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2002.Disponível em: http://www.cas
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Both companies operate within the o
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Reference- Abe, S. (1998) “Region
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1) The strong engagement and the su
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3 Researching focusTo demonstrate t
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FindingsThe general-model shows tha
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CHESBROUGH, H.; VANHAVERBEKE, W.; W
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This paper employs a multiple case
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O-081Entrepreneurial Intentions & M
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2.2. Reasons behind Scientific Mobi
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Surveys and empirical findings of p
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N3 I am working on to create a larg
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P-005Management of Intellectual Pro
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O-005Innovation systems in Norwegia
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322.00Amita SahayaJennie Granat Tho
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W-23When Triple Helix UnravelsDenis
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P-041Climate for Innovation: a stud
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P-056"Hands on for a sustainable ch
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MethodologyWe try to identify the t
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O-057Unraveling a large-scale innov
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P-011Inside the Pandora box of the
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O-042Interaction between Universiti
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P-048Government and public policy i
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Contribution and implicationsOur re
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Recombination of three sub-dynamics
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REFERENCES- Audretsch, D. B., B. Bo
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Our analysis shows that the suppose
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7. ReferencesChudnovsky, D., Lopez,
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FindingsOwnership trends reveal thr
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O-141Strategic openness for success
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ReferencesChaminade, C. and Edquist
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Main References:1. Etzkowitz H., Th
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• Findings,In the analysis of the
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O-026Collaborative Innovation in Tr
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Impact and ContributionThis pilot s
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ReferencesAsheim, B., Benneworth, P
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They must work on each of the next
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P-015A discussion on the Triple Hel
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O-125Technology Transfer from Unive
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References:Daghfous, A., Michael, H
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Norwegian processing industry speci
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ReferencesCooke, P. and Morgan, K.
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Facilitating linkagesLester (2003)
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arely oriented explicitly to a part
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Consulting/servicingFaculty consult
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O-047Do foreign authors strengthen
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O-007Technological collaboration an
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O-094Academic entrepreneurship in d
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P-021Complementary or substitution
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O-097Software clusters in Brazil: a
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ST-14Evaluation and dissemination o
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References:- Amin, A. and Roberts,
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P-002Doing gender in Sweden’s inn
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O-054Triple Helix Relations as Cons
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P-006Why are WE not more Attractive
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W-06University-industry-government
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ST-07The Architecture of Innovation
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O-105The role of higher education i
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Contributions and ImplicationBy app
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References:- Colciencias 2008. Colo
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CONTRIBUTIONS AND IMPLICATIONSWe be
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- experts that were involved in the
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O-116The Triple Helix of a Regional
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- University-Industry- Government I
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- ETZKOWITZ, H.; LEYDESDORFF, L. Un
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REFERENCES- Borrell-Damian, L (2009
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Contributions and implicationsThe u
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O-134The determinants of entreprene
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O-091Caring for the business platfo
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P-054"I do not know if this is a go
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O-111JUMPSTARTING THE TRIPLE HELIX
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References- Coase, R. (1988). The F
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References- BAIN, J. S. Industrial
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References- Clark, A. (2004). Evalu
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Reference- Etzkowitz Henry, MIT and
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W-05Is industry-university interact
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O-021Motivation, obstacles and stra
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P-043Webometrics analysis of public
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O-093STI-DUI Innovation Profiles an
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O-118Technological Parks in Mexico:
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References:- Berman, E. P. (2008) W
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- with foreign actors concerning di
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incubation houses operating in deve
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P-045Roles of the 3rd Strand of the
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P-007NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS IN ST
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O-045Empowering a State's Developme
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ST-06University Patenting and Licen
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W-28Total Control? The gendering of
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O-015Stages of Development of Enter
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W-21To Join or Not to Join: Individ
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P-055Academic entrepreneurship in t
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