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100 YORK.
time to time undergone. But it was full of Danish
merchants. The throng and bustle of trade were in
fall activity, and it was clearly becoming a great seat
of commerce, with an adult population of thirty thousand.
"All this seems to show that the great mischief
which the Danes did to York has been exaggerated.
They seem to have occupied the citj', and
not to have spoiled or destroyed it."i Dunstan's
great reason for wishing to have Oswald as the
northern primate was to have his co-operation in the
plans he had so much at heart for re-modelling the
monasteries and introducing the strictness of the
Benedictine rule, and, above all, for enforcing the
celibacy of the clergy. He wished, also, to do away
with the secular canons. What Oswald was able to
effect as regards these matters in Northumbria we
know not. Canon Raine is of opinion that the
Benedictine rule was never firmly established in the
North till after the conquest. The marriage of the
clergy certainly continued until after that period, as
we shall hereafter see. Oswald died in 992. Two
Archbishops after him also held the see of Worcester
in conjunction with that of York. The most eminent
of these was Wulstan II. He was a man of piety
and learning, and is believed to be the author of
certain homilies to which the name of Lupus Episcopus
is attached. One of them contains an address
to his countrymen on the Danish invasion, written in
1012, and giving "a fearful picture of the vice and
lawlessness of the age." He also addressed an
'
"Fasti Ebor.," i. p. 193.