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364 YORK.
ment of the Province, and openly thwarting him in
the High Commission Court, saying " that he needed
neither the favour of the Archbishop nor yet the lord
president, and therefore he would join with neither
of them." The articles also threw out more than a
hint that the Dean practised usury,—in other words,
money-lending upon interest,—a practice which the
Archbishop conceived to be unscriptural and tried to
put down. There were other charges of more trifling
character. One was really more a credit than a disgrace
to him, for it accused him of favouring recusants
and giving several of them notice when processes
were about to be issued against them. No one could
imagine that his religious sympathies were in the
smallest degree in accord with theirs. It was simply
an act of kindly and Christian charity, all the more
striking from its being, perhaps, the one solitary
instance recorded at that time of its exercise by a
high ecclesiastical dignitary, of strong Puritan views,
on behalf of the persecuted adherents of the old
religion. The Dean was obliged to make a formal
submission to the Archbishop, but the inflexible independence
of his character was in no wise altered, nor
his manly and straightforward expression of opinion
in any degree affected thereby. AVhittingham's death
put an end to the discussion of his case, and it was
never finally adjudicated upon.
The " prophesyings " which Grindal much encouraged,
and which eventually brought him into
such disfavour with the queen, were countenanced
to some extent by Archbishop Sandys. They were
apparently very innocent proceedings, consisting in