Yoshida - 1981 - Fundamentals of Rice Crop Science

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4 FUNDAMENTALS OF RICE CROP SCIENCE 1.2. Phasal development of the rice plant (adapted from Tanaka 1976). PI = panicle primordia initiation, F = flowering, H = harvest. Maximum T = maximum tiller number stage. Third, growth duration of the same variety may be slightly different between the transplanted and direct-seeded crops. Transplanted rice usually takes about 1 week more to mature because its growth has been disturbed by uprooting. 1.2. SEED AND GERMINATION 1.2.1. Morphology The rice grain, commonly called a seed, consists of the true fruit or brown rice (caryopsis) and the hull, which encloses the brown rice (Fig. 1.3). Brown rice is largely composed of embryo and endosperm. The surface contains several thin layers of botanically differentiated tissues that enclose the embryo and endosperm (Fig. 1.4). The palea, lemma, sterile lemmas, and rachilla constitute the hull of indica rices. In japonica rices, however, because of the nonshattering characteristic, the hull usually includes rudimentary glumes and perhaps aportion of the pedicel. The
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE RICE PLANT 5 1.3. Structure of the rice grain (adapted from Hoshikawa 1975). 1.4. Cross-section of the rice grain (Juliano 1972). lemma is larger than the palea, and covers about two-thirds of the surface area of matured brown rice. The edges of the palea fit inside those of the lemma so that the hull closes tightly. A single grain weighs about 12–44 mg at 0% moisture content. Grain length, width, and thickness vary widely among varieties. Hull weight averages
Page 3 and 4: FOREWORD Rice is vital to more than
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS Foreword Preface GROWTH AN
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GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE RICE
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5.1. PHOTOSYNTHESIS 5.1.1. Photosyn
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION 197
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Photosynthetic characteristics Meas
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A traditional tall variety vs an im
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Table 7.6. An example of high yield
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REFERENCES AGRICULTURAL POLICY STUD
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Yoshida - 1981 - Fundamentals of Rice Crop Science

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