Yoshida - 1981 - Fundamentals of Rice Crop Science

MINERAL NUTRITION OF RICE 163
3.28. Relationship between
Eh and sulfate reduction
(Yamane and
Sato 1961).
the extraction procedures can be used to estimate the available soil sulfur for
lowland rice.
b. Irrigation water. Irrigation water is an important source of sulfur to irrigated
rice. The sulfate content in irrigation and river waters ranges from 0.2 ppm in Jari
River, Brazil, to 4.7 ppm for the average of river waters in Japan (Table 3.30). If
1,000 mm water is used for a rice crop, 1 ppm S in the irrigation water supplies 10
kg/ha during the entire growth cycle. A little less than 2 kg/ha is required to
produce 1 t rice from an improved variety (see Table 3.11). This calculation
clearly indicates the importance of sulfur provided by irrigation water.
c. Atmosphere and precipitation. Fumes from active volcanoes, burning trees,
and grasses in shifting agriculture, fumes from chemical plants. exhausted gases
Table 3.30. Sulfur content in irrigation and river waters.
Location
IRRI, Philippines, irrigation water
Bulacan, Philippines, irrigation water
Ngale, Indonesia, irrigation water
Jari River, Brazil a
Japan, river waters b
Thailand, river waters b
Asia, river waters c
World, river waters c
Sulfur (ppm)
2.3
3.9
0.9
0.2
4.7
1.1
2.8
4.1
a Wang, et al (1976b). b Kobayashi, J. (1958).
c Livingstone (1963).