Yoshida - 1981 - Fundamentals of Rice Crop Science

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18 FUNDAMENTALS OF RICE CROP SCIENCE Table 1.6. Effect of nursery method and direct seeding on grain yield, total dry weight, and harvest index of 3 varieties. IRRI, 1970 dry season. a Grain produc- Growth Grain Total tion per day in Nursery Spacing dura- yield dry wt Harvest main methodb (cm) tion c (t/ha) (t/ha) indexd field (kg/ha) lR74782-6-3 Wet-bed 10 × 10 98 7.92 14.1 0.48 102 20 × 20 98 7.23 12.1 0.51 93 Upland 10 × 10 102 7.48 15.5 0.42 91 20 × 20 102 7.32 12.5 0.50 89 Dapog 10 × 10 102 7.88 14.7 0.46 87 20 × 20 102 7.61 13.9 0.47 84 Direct 10 × 10 98 7.36 14.0 0.45 75 seeding 20 × 20 98 7.37 13.3 0.48 75 lR154-18-2-1 Wet-bed 10 × 10 110 7.23 15.2 0.41 80 20 × 20 110 6.98 13.8 0.43 78 Upland 10 × 10 112 6.75 14.7 0.39 73 20 × 20 112 6.75 14.4 0.40 73 Dapog 10 × 10 110 7.22 16.1 0.39 73 20 × 20 110 7.13 14.2 0.43 72 Direct 10 × 10 102 6.89 14.9 0.40 68 seeding 20 × 20 102 6.82 13.5 0.43 67 IR8 Wet-bed 20 × 20 132 8.61 17.2 0.43 77 a IRRI (1971). b Seedlings were grown for 20 days in the wetbed nursery and the upland nursery and for 11 days in the dapog (submerged concrete-lined seedbed) nursery. c From sowing to harvest. d Ratio of grain to total dry matter. cylinder that encloses all the younger parts of the shoot. The blade is narrow , flat, and longer than the sheath in all leaves except the second. The ligule is a small, white, triangular scale that looks like a continuation of the sheath. At the base of the blade, i.e. around the junction between the blade and sheath, there is a white band called the collar (Fig. 1.17). A pair of hairy and sickle-shaped auricles are located at the junction between the collar and the sheath. The presence of welldeveloped auricles is often used as a convenient guide for differentiating rice from barnyard grasses, which lack auricles. Some rice varieties, however, lack the ligule and auricles (liguleless rice). Most early- to medium-maturing varieties develop about 10-18 leaves on the main culm. In photoperiod-insensitive varieties the number of leaves is constant under most conditions. For instance, IR747B2-6 develops 13 leaves and Tainan 3, 15 leaves at Los Baños, Philippines, regardless of the planting season. On the
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE RICE PLANT 19 1.16. The form and dimension of rice leaf components (adapted from Hoshikawa 1975). 1.17. Morphology of the area between the leaf blade and the leaf sheath of the rice plant (adapted from Hoshikawa 1975).
Page 3 and 4: FOREWORD Rice is vital to more than
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS Foreword Preface GROWTH AN
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5.1. PHOTOSYNTHESIS 5.1.1. Photosyn
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION 197
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Photosynthetic characteristics Meas
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A traditional tall variety vs an im
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Table 7.6. An example of high yield
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REFERENCES AGRICULTURAL POLICY STUD
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Yoshida - 1981 - Fundamentals of Rice Crop Science

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