Documents of the Right Word

and Qa’qa’ commanded the left wing. Abû Sufyân bin Harb
encouraged the soldiers with his heroic accomplishments. The
battle cost much blood. One hundred thousand Byzantines,
including the Emporer’s brother, were put to the sword. An arrow
pierced through Abû Sufyân’s blessed eye and made him blind.
The Byzantines launched another offensive with an eighty
thousand strong army in Jordan. Khâlid took his place in the
center, while Amr Ibni Âs and Abû Ubayda shared the two wings
‘radiy-Allâhu ta’âlâ anhum ajma’în’. The Byzantines were routed.
Very few of them survived.
During the caliphate of hadrat ’Umar ul-Fârûq, Muslims
besieged Damascus. One gate was held by Khâlid bin Walîd,
another by Amr Ibni Âs, and a third one by Yezîd bin Ebî Sufyân.
Yezîd appointed his brother commander of the forward column.
So he conquered the cities of Saydâ (Sidon) and Beirut, while
Amr Ibni Âs conquered Palestine. Hadrat Amr Ibni Âs was the
commander of the army in Palestine. Hadrat Emîr ul-mu’minîn
frequently sent help to Amr Ibni Âs. Amr Ibni Âs was a wellknown
genius and a clever administrator. He sent a troop to
Jerusalem, and one to Ramla. On the other hand, Mu’âwiya
besieged the city of Qaysâriya. There were many soldiers in the
city. They went out to attack the siege forces. Yet hadrat
Mu’âwiya broke all their offensives. In the meantime, Amr Ibni
Âs fought the Byzantine commander-in-chief and gave him an
utter rout. He conquered the cities of Ghazza and Nablûs. Hadrat
’Umar left for Jerusalem, bidding hadrat Alî to take his place in
his absence. He was met by Khâlid, Amr Ibni Âs and Sherhâbil,
all of whom hugged him cordially. The Byzantines surrendered
Jerusalem to hadrat ’Umar. The booties taken in Iran were
transported to Medîna by Ziyâd bin Ebîh. He gave the Khalîfa a
very clear and eloquent report about the combats in Iran. Yezîd
was appointed governor of Damascus. Mu’âwiya conquered the
city of Qaysâriya. Yezîd, the governor of Damascus, died of
plague. His brother Mu’âwiya was appointed to take his place as
the governor of Damascus. Also, Abû Ubayda, the commander of
Syria, and Mu’âz bin Jabal, who took his place, died of plague.
When hadrat Amr Ibni Âs became commander-in-chief, he made
all the people to go to the mountains, thus putting an end to the
epidemic. Hadrat Amr Ibni Âs was appointed commander for the
military expedition to Egypt. The Byzantine army was routed
after a war of one month. The Muslims entered Egypt. Hadrat
Amr Ibni Âs used mangonels in this war. Heraclius had prepared
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