knjiga solarna energija dobra

NEW DEVELOPMENTS 689
of these ionic liquids can be decreased similarly to that of organic solvents, the solar cell
performance will be improved as a result of increased ionic mobility of the electrolyte.
15.3.4 Quasi-solid-state and Solid-state DSSCs
Development of solid-state or quasi-solid-state DSSCs is essential for developing a cell
with long-term stability and is critical for commercialization. Because liquid electrolytes
using organic solvents are usually utilized in conventional DSSCs, techniques for sealing
the cell must be perfectly established to prevent evaporation of components of the
electrolyte especially under high temperatures in outdoor applications. In addition, the
solid-state DSSC would allow easier interconnection of a cell into a monolithic module.
Grätzel and coworkers studied an N3 dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO 2 solar cell
using a hole-transport material, 2,2 ′ ,7,7 ′ -tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9 ′ -
spirobifluorene (OMeTAD), as a solid electrolyte (Figure 15.14) [149]. OMeTAD is
OCH 3
OCH 3
CH 3 O
N
N
OCH 3
C
CH 3 O
N
N
OCH 3
OCH 3
OMeTAD
OCH 3
H O
O N (CH 2 ) 6
N
O
L-valine derivative galator
2
H H O
N N
O NH
O
O
O NH
N N
H H O
Gelator reported by Toshiba
N
N
Figure 15.14
Molecular structures of a solid-state electrolyte and gelator