knjiga solarna energija dobra

TYPICAL OPERATION CONDITIONS OF BATTERIES 815
Battery current
[I 10 ]
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
−0.5
−1.0
−1.5
−2.0
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
−0.5
−1.0
−1.5
−2.0
Class 1 Class 2
1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6
Class 3
Class 4
1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6
Mean cell voltage
[V]
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
−0.5
−1.0
−1.5
−2.0
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
−0.5
−1.0
−1.5
−2.0
Battery current
[I 10 ]
Figure 18.5 Battery current in units of I 10 versus cell voltage for all data points. For each class,
data of a complete year were taken from a representative system
State of charge (SOC)
[%]
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
−10
−20
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
−10
−20
Class 1
40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320
Class 3
Class 2
40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320
Class 4
40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320
Day of the year
[d]
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
−10
−20
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
−10
−20
State of charge (SOC)
[%]
Figure 18.6 Time series of state of charge calculated from current, voltage and temperature using
an ampere-hour balance with a voltage and temperature-dependent loss current [5, 8]