BALTIC SEAENVIRONMENT PROCEEDINGS No. 59 - Helcom

This procedure, in effect, meantt&ttheProtfxolhad~rk&the
pirent Cmventicn. States Micb ratify the Pro-1 must also give effect
tc the provisions of the 1973 Convention: there is none& for aseparate
Jlstrument ; of ratification for tie latter. The 1973 MARF0L Convention and
the 1978 MARPOL Protcccl should, therefore, ba read as one instrument,
A-i.ch is usually referred to as M74RRL X/78.
IheF-rotml xkes a mmber of &angestoAnnex I of theparent
Ccnvention. Sqregated ballast +3.&s are required on all new tankers* of
20,000 deadweight and above (in the parent Convention SBTs were only
required on new tankers of 70,000 deadweight and above).
F-rotccol also rquires that SKI3 be crotectimalv located, that is,
they must be positioned in such a way that they will help protect the
cargo tanks in t!!e event of a coilisicn or grounding.
Another mmt innovation concerned crude oil washing (a)**,
;;fiich had recently been developed by *e oil industry and offered major
benefits. Under C%, tanks are was&d not with water, Mz with crude oil
- the cargo itself. The solvent action of the crude oil makes the
cleaning process f;_ mre effective t_?..an when water is used and, at the
sama tix, f?e mixTu_re of cil z-d mter i&&h led to so much operational
pllution iii the rp3st is vixually en&d. (There is usually a final water
rinse tit C,e amount cf water izJolved is verl lcw.) At the -time,
t!!e cwner is able tc dischaqe far mre of this cargo than before, since
less of it is left c1irqii-q t3 %e tark walls and bttm. CckJ is
accepted as an alternative tc SETIs cn existing tankers and is an
additicral reguiremt on r,ew tankers.
* New tzzkers are t!!cse crderti aft- 1 Zune 1979; those keel was laid
after 1 Jamar, 1?80; cr xere deliT;ered after 1 June 1982.
+* CCW does present c:mationai dmqers because of the build-up of
explcsive gases i? cargo tams as the oil is unloaded. For this
reason, the A&txo1 to ee 1973 ~3~x3 Convention, whcih was adopted
at the 1978 TSB? Ccnferexe ti exered into fcrce in May 1981,
stipulates t!xt an Inert C&s Sl~stez~ (IGS) must always be used when
CZXJ is operated.
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