BALTIC SEAENVIRONMENT PROCEEDINGS No. 59 - Helcom

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agriculture. Later HELCOM recommendations deal with more specific categories of losses from agriculture. The categories are: farm waste discharges; (Recommend. Wll) leaching of nitrogen, mainly nitrate; (Recommend. 13/10) leaching, run-off and erosion losses of phosphorus; (Recommend. U/10) ammonia volatilisation; (Recommend. 1317, 13/8 and 14/4) pesticides; (Recommend. 8/Z and X3/13) The Danish approach to handle the mentioned categories is described below. DANISH AGRICUT.,TURE AND THE ENVIRONMEWI’. Introduction. The following description will give you an idea of, what has been done in Denmark over the past 30 years in order to reduce the pollution from agriculture. About 30 years ago the first environmental regulation concerning agricultural production was introduced. Rules were made for placing and construction of stables and manure storage facilities, though there was no public concern about pollution from agriculture. So until lo-12 years ago the most important goal for agricultural production was to produce large quantities of good quality products without much regard for the resulting impact on the environment. Over the past 30 years production has gone up with 50% and there has almost been a doubling of total fertilizer input to Danish arable soil, causing signifi- 209
elow. The nitrogen cycle. 1 Agricnlrllre’s lossa go IO the atmosphere, ground waterandtosrramsandlakcs. The discharges to streams and lakes are augmented by the QIastewaterdiscbquMre being nansporwd m nearshorr vxersandkrthcroninm open sea. oll the rou- lKnvwer, a considerable rnmtixmation and in many CPICS directremovaltakcsplacqin particular of nitrogen. Part of the loss, the ammonia volatilization, will be carried through the atmosphere and deposit again with precipitation or directly from the air. This source forms a considerable part of the nitrogen load in marine areas and non cultivated areas. The reminder of the nitrogen loss percolates from the root zone and further on to the groundwater. In areas with tile drains a considerable part will be carried directly into watercourses. Some of the nitrogen reaching the groundwater will be removed through natural reduction processes. Another removal of nitrogen takes place in wetlands, lakes and inlets so that only part of the agricultural nitrogen discharge reaches the costal waters. 210
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BALTIC SEAENVIRONMENT PROCEEDINGS N
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Preface General statements and lect
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Practical organization of national
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HELCOM SEMINAR for Experts from Est
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obligations. When fulfilling HELCOM
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Fleming Otzen Chairman of the Helsi
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facts and thus avoiding the long la
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In earlier days it was unthinkable
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possibilities. HELCOM decision in 1
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Catchment area solved by HELCOM but
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denominator, however, in that an af
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the general public, openness within
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The Baltic Sea Joint Comprehensive
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Submitted by Russia HELCOM SEMINAR
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During the last year the ecological
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DEPARTMENT
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The financing of capital investment
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The first phase of the main study i
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At Liepaja in some kind we have an
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- organizing of Environmental Enfor
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44. Daugava River Basin/RER Plant -
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HELCOM SEMINAR FOR EXPERTS FROM EST
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Some of the special topics have bee
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The Duties of EGAP HELCOM SEMINAR R
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average concentrations of nitrogen
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The second purpose of emission data
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Model results for the total deposit
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Table 1. Measurement DroPramme of E
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1. 2. 3, 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
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Table 6. Deposition estimates for t
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Figure 2. Annual average nitrogen c
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Figure 4. Average wet fluxes of nit
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INTRODUCTION The Baltic Sea is the
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out of Chernobyl in the Baltic Sea
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ed by the initial fallout. Figure 2
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Fig. 1 r- u) LD Lo u-l u-l 68
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Bs 1.oc!E+141 1.ooE+13 WOE+12 l.OOE
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INTRODUCTION Article 16 of the Hels
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Qualitv Assurance (OA) The success
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had been a ten-fold reduction of co
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Improvements of Guidelines The Guid
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life. This objective, which can be
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6 4 6 2 6oc MAP OF THE MONITORING S
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Table 2. Obligatory and tentative d
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Table 5. SAMPLING FREQUENCY OF BMP.
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The Need for Quality Assurance in M
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(Topping, 1992). Two principal comp
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increasing frequency, analysts find
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PHASE 1 OF THE VALIDATION PROCESS E
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m- Information Service 22.6.1993 BA
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Appendix Baltic Marine Environment
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Baltic Marine Environment Bibliogra
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1. MC tasks in general The Tasks an
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of MC decisions, informal meetings
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4. Conclusions Taking all in all th
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~esedealwithsu&mattersas applicatio
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~l~~ofa009K>SStQntandabove~be~~with
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mv l(T,zzbaae) Ehtxy into foxre: 31
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For existing crude oil tankers, a t
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me first set of amrkmmts to MARWL 7
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Theseamendmntsweredesigmdtoencourag
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The 1990 alredmnts Adoption: March
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Regulation 13G also allows for futu
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Many of these ships are now 15 to 2
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Jukka Hakamies Secretary of Interna
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the condition of ships more closely
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detention percentage, which is supp
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Regulation 19 Ir] Control * Figure
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6 5 4 3 2 1 0 L percentage 7 source
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Flag States with detention percenta
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COMMON POLICY ON DETENTION PROCEDUR
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35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Targe, t Actu
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1. Introduction On the 32th session
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CHAPTER 2 Figure 1.1 f I-- - -_ CHA
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operating waste handling system, an
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The first task of this agency would
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4. Lesal aspects Firstly a few rema
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facility as it is a primary means o
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developed and it should address als
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facilities. In many cases it is pos
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Page 164 and 165: a free of charge system. Applicatio
Page 166 and 167: does not exist. When cargo residues
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Page 170 and 171: HELCOM SEMINAR For Experts from Est
Page 172 and 173: RECEPTION FACILITIES IN PORTS Artic
Page 174 and 175: The capacity of each reception faci
Page 176 and 177: COOPERATION IN THE PREVENTION OF PO
Page 178 and 179: Tanker Tractor Unit IAF = Induced A
Page 180 and 181: HELCOM SEMINAR for Experts from Est
Page 182 and 183: At the beginning under the Technolo
Page 184 and 185: The Commission has decided that the
Page 186 and 187: Bernd Mehlhorn Chairman TC POINT TC
Page 188 and 189: Priorities The working strategy for
Page 190 and 191: - nutrient balance, including ferti
Page 192 and 193: EXISTING REPORTS CONCERNING POLLUTI
Page 194 and 195: CLASSlFICATIONOFTHEINPUTSTOTHEBALTI
Page 196 and 197: Table 5.1 Organic matter (BOD,) Loa
Page 198 and 199: Table 5.3 Sub-region Rivers Total N
Page 200 and 201: -NOTALLREQUESTEDBASICINFORMATION SU
Page 202 and 203: CONCERNING THE REDUCTION OF 50% OF
Page 204 and 205: DIVISION OF TASKS AND RESPONSIE3ILI
Page 206 and 207: wastewater disposal plants are met
Page 208 and 209: It is particularly important to rec
Page 210 and 211: without any great difficulty. Only
Page 214 and 215: Within the last decade in Denmark f
Page 216 and 217: Agency calculated the effect of the
Page 218 and 219: Public random control on pesticides
Page 220 and 221: Forest and Nature Conservation, the
Page 222 and 223: ecommendation is thus of great impo
Page 224 and 225: The ‘Recommendation concerning re
Page 226 and 227: chance to give their opinion and pr
Page 228 and 229: - norms may cause technical stagnat
Page 230 and 231: ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS IN ENVIRONMENT
Page 232 and 233: - How well does the approach implem
Page 234 and 235: environmental sectors. The Committe
Page 236 and 237: ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION RELATED TA
Page 238 and 239: 235 ANNEX 3 zs-. 8. J943 &da&_
Page 240 and 241: 2. ITEMS AND OBJECTIVES FOR NEGOTIA
Page 242 and 243: In case permit conditions include a
Page 244 and 245: If permit conditions are violated,
Page 246 and 247: ANNEX5 Tasks and personnel in the i
Page 248 and 249: until 80-100%. All local costs will
Page 250 and 251: HELCOM SEMINAR FOR EXPERTS FROM EST
Page 252 and 253: management section of the Ministry.
Page 254 and 255: No. 187 DECREE ON THE ADVISORY BOAR
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Page 258 and 259: Annual cycle of national preparatio
Page 260 and 261: A number of important environmental
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The main tasks are: -accumulating f
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STATENS NATURVhWWERK Swedish Enviro
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ORGANIZATION OF THE NATIONAL SWEDIS
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HELCOM SEMINAR for Experts from Est
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2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3 3.1
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Initial Contributions Annual Contri
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THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS ON LI
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THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS ON LI
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Only a spill from a tanker which is
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3.2 Limit of compensation The maxim
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After the Assembly’s decisions on
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(9 (9) 0-O 0) 5 5.1 Pre-spill preve
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Before the entry into force of the
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The Fund Convention has so far been
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Pollution Reoorting Oil Polbtion Em
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. Technical services - Facilitate C
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Captain Thomas Fag8 RIGA September
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Otherwise, it is very difficult to
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are nations. 4. Organisation of the
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Conclusions With this brief overvie
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Country Central government departme
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GOVERN- MENT LEVEL CENTRAL AUTHORIT
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FIGURE 302-l Appendix 6 TANKER SPIL
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Xunhl Direccibn General de Protecci
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OPERATIONAL FUNCTION Appendix 10 *
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LOGISTICS *Procurement *Transporbli
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Recommendation 6/13 Recommendation
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The system is for use between comba
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COMMAND STRUCTURE FOR JOINT COMBATT
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Chapt.er 12 CO-OPERATION ON AERIAL
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PART II (POLINF) 40. 41. 42. 43. 44
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CHAPTER 5.6 page 2 47 Drift of alga
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1. Introduction Informal Working Gr
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As decided upon by CC To be propose
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2.4. 2.4.1. 2.4.2. 2.4.3. 2.4.4. 2.
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s/8 *I9 5.2 Some Delegations expres
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Paragraph 6.5 to accept the aims an
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CHAPTER 10 page Z/2 a fundamental p
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Furthermore, it is the intention an
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sea furface, and persistent oils, w
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tanks are loosing oil or further da
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generally contains debris and sand,
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munication equipment for the variou
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ANNEX2 PROVISIONAL GUIDELINES FOR A
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Aeria Surveillance Results 1986 bis
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2. INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORK FO
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3. 3.1 3.2 NATIONAL LEGISLATION AND
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4. 4.1 THE IMPORTANCE OF THE HELSIN
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5 . based greatly on those experien
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Mr. Olli Pahkala Ministry of the En
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Mr. Bernd Mehlhorn (Chairman of TC
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PARTICIPANTS Mr. Harri Jankovski Es
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Mr. Ringolds Arnitis State of Plant
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Ms. Laila Kule Research Centre Latv
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Mr. Karlis Zakss Latvian Shipping C
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Mr. Nicolay D. Sorokin Committee on
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Secretariat of the Helsinki Commiss
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11.30 - 12.30 * Problem areas (Chai
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14.00 - 15.00 National experience i
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16.30 - 17.00 Coffee break 17.00 -
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* * Baltic Sea Environment Proceedi
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* * * International Oil Pollution C
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BALTIC SEAENVIRONMENT PROCEEDINGS No. 59 - Helcom

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