Quality, value, satisfaction, trust, a

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Those conceptually based utility functions must be reduced to estimable form for the estimation of appropriate coefficients in the model. Further, some of the coefficients must be normalized to zero to make the model estimable. The above utility functions can be rewritten as UH = αH + βPH + γ/(PH - PL) and UL = αL + βPL, where αH = QH + VH and γ = τ(QH - QL) and αL = QL + VL. For logit model, a constant terms must be normalized to zero. Therefore, the components of the model to be estimated (after exclusion of the variables other than those involving price) will be UH = αH + βPH + γ/(PH-PL); UL = βPL. Note that the exact determination of QH - QL is not necessary to understand the combined effect of price including the tradeoff variable. The reason is that to assess the effect of price, all we need are the coefficients associated with variables containing price in one form or another. Data The dataset used in the empirical analysis is purchase data provided by IRI under the auspices of the Marketing Science Institute. In addition to the faced price, manufacturers’ coupon and store coupon redemption were recorded, as well as in-store features and displays and competing brand prices. A demographic file contains relevant information on family size, income, and so on. The purchase records covered a two-year period for a large retail chain. On the basis of the first 26 weeks, families not purchasing at least once in two months were excluded. The four top brands are included in the analysis, three national brands (denoted H1, H2, and H3) and one store label brand (denoted L). H2 and H3 are minor brands. In addition to the four-brand analysis reported here, an analysis was conducted without the two minor brands. The conclusions are fully consistent with the conclusions drawn here. Therefore, to conserve space, only the results of the four-brand analysis are reported and discussed. The data management procedures are similar to those followed in existing research using similar data sets. Data for purchase occasions during the first one third of the time period were used to initialize the brand loyalty variable (described subsequently) and the remaining data were used to estimate the models. Model Variables 180
The variables incorporated in the model were based on previous research on choice models using scanner panel data. However, an important addition is a variable to incorporate the tradeoffs. Demographic variables are included to account for some heterogeneity among consumers (we estimate models with and without demographic variables and the results are consistent). The proposed formulation is compared with models not incorporating the tradeoffs by means of likelihood ratio tests. Managerial implications can be delineated by calculating the inter-brand movements after incorporating the tradeoff construct. The deterministic components of the utilities for several models follow. Model 1 (model with price, but without tradeoff) UHi = αHi + θ1DisplayHi + θ2FeatureHi + θ3iFamilysize + θ4iIncome + θ5BrandloyaltyHi + βPriceHi UL = θ1DisplayL + θ2FeatureL + θ5BrandloyaltyL + βPriceL. Model 2 (model without price, but with tradeoff) UHi=αHi+θ1DisplayHi+θ2FeatureHi+θ3iFamilysize+θ4iIncome+θ5BrandloyaltyHi+γ/(PriceHi-PriceL) UL = θ1DisplayL + θ2FeatureL + θ5BrandloyaltyL. Model 3 (model with price and tradeoff) UHi=αHi+θ1DisplayHi+θ2FeatureHi+θ3iFamilysize+θ4iIncome+θ5BrandloyaltyHi+βPriceHi +γ/(PriceHi- PriceL) UL = θ1DisplayL + θ2FeatureL + θ5BrandloyaltyL + βPriceL. Model 4 (parsimonious model with price and tradeoff) UHi = αHi + θ1DisplayHi + θ2FeatureHi + θ5BrandloyaltyHi + βPriceHi + γ/(PriceHi - PriceL) UL = θ1DisplayL + θ2FeatureL + θ5BrandloyaltyL + βPriceL. Operationalization of Variables Model variables were patterned after existing research investigating substantive topics on quality tier competition. The idea is to use logically consistent operationalizations that have been utilized in existing research. Display and feature are categoric variables coded as 1 if present and 0 if absent. Price is the faced price (for the non-purchased brands) or paid price (for the purchased brands) as has been used in 181
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Volume 2 Contents: A Global Examina
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A Global Examination Of Relationshi
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and to measure them simultaneously
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customers’ total consumption expe
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From product perceived quality towa
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cumulative, or a combination of the
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trust4 -.68 commit1 .59 commit2 .51
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we observed that the least correlat
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outside of the consumption experien
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REFERENCES Anderson Eugene W., Forn
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Holbrook Morris B. Consumer Value:
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APPENDIX 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
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An Empirical Examination of Retail
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This paper is organized in the foll
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Human and cognitive effort has been
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Seiders, Berry, and Gresham (2000)
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The four dimensions of retail conve
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2000). In-store shoppers receive th
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process resulted in slightly differ
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examine the dimensionality of these
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Seiders, Berry, and Gresham’s (20
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used, and the respondents were all
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Enis BM, Roering KJ. Product classi
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Table 1 Dimensions of Convenience G
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Table 3 Retail Convenience Scale Re
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Table 5 Correlations, Means, and St
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Error! Figure 1 Retail Convenience
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and Novak, 1996; Hammond, McWilliam
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and Hirschman, 1982, p 132). These
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interpretations of, all factors par
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the hedonic aspects of the online s
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satisfaction (Oliver, 1980; Westbro
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H6). It involves performing a multi
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Differences between the “shopping
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(Hypothesis 5) and online shopping
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demonstrates the importance of meas
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Dabholkar, Pratibha A. Incorporatin
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Mano Haim Elliott Michael T. Smart
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Zeithaml V., Parasuraman A. Malhotr
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1. Introduction Like inseparability
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specific attributes. Dealing with p
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2.2. Perceived Difficulty of Evalua
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and mentally intangible a product/s
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2.4.1. Knowledge and Intangibility
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category, we included both generic
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goods exhibit higher levels of phys
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5.1. Intangibility: Brand and Gener
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greater involvement with the purcha
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with generality, may also affect co
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Berry LL, Clark T. Four ways to mak
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Laroche M, Bergeron J, Goutaland C.
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Questionnair es Questionnaire 1 Que
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Table 3 Results of factor analysis
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Table 4 Summary of results 108
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Table 5 Stepwise multiple regressio
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Table 8 Stepwise multiple regressio
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114
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Intangibility Physical intangibilit
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net income of 94% and 119%, respect
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this, it is not surprising that eBa
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frequently referred to as feedback
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An auction participants’ feedback
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The objective of study one was to i
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excerpts that were selected and fus
Page 130 and 131: Consumers believed that sellers wit
Page 132 and 133: negative feedback could be me,” a
Page 134 and 135: idder should read the praises too b
Page 136 and 137: first study focused on one class of
Page 138 and 139: Rothkopf, Joydeep Srivastava, Rami
Page 140 and 141: Industrial Economics. 50:3. 337-349
Page 142 and 143: http://www.laxshopper.com/index.htm
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Page 146 and 147: Firstly, the consumer is supposed t
Page 148 and 149: For the psycho-sociology of environ
Page 150 and 151: To analyse appropriation strategies
Page 152 and 153: The second strategy is the most ela
Page 154 and 155: From the appropriation perspective
Page 156 and 157: To test these hypotheses we selecte
Page 158 and 159: Glace Glace Chart 4. Spatial config
Page 160 and 161: Chart 5b. Spatial configuration of
Page 162 and 163: No differences between the three di
Page 164 and 165: appropriation strategies adopted by
Page 166 and 167: A matrix of space management can th
Page 168 and 169: Holbrook M.B. (1999), Introduction
Page 170 and 171: Asymmetric Quality Tier Competition
Page 172 and 173: Wisniewski (1989) proposed a theory
Page 174 and 175: alternatives prior to the choice de
Page 176 and 177: decrease in tradeoff when L reduces
Page 178 and 179: As Bronnenberg and Wathieu (1996) u
Page 182 and 183: ecent existing research (Sivakumar
Page 184 and 185: increased by 10% (conceptually the
Page 186 and 187: REFERENCES Allenby GM. A unified ap
Page 188 and 189: Table 1. Estimation Results _______
Page 190 and 191: Q U A L I T a H H’ x b PRICE 190
Page 192 and 193: MODELING THE IMPACT OF INTERNET ATM
Page 194 and 195: Eroglu et al (2001) proposed a typo
Page 196 and 197: playfulness (enjoy visiting Web sit
Page 198 and 199: H2: When consumers surf the Web, th
Page 200 and 201: significantly explain attitude towa
Page 202 and 203: Involvement toward an ad based on v
Page 204 and 205: usefulness and the resourcefulness
Page 206 and 207: 3.2.2.2. Involvement The final comp
Page 208 and 209: environmental cues on purchase beha
Page 210 and 211: 6. Test of Hypotheses [Insert table
Page 212 and 213: Cacioppo, Schumann, 1983; Petty and
Page 214 and 215: Pelsmacker et al, 1998). ATTI is li
Page 216 and 217: improvements are brought into navig
Page 218 and 219: Cho, C.H.: How Advertising Works on
Page 220 and 221: Liu, C. and Arnett, K.P. Exploring
Page 222 and 223: Rose, G., Khoo, H. and Straub, D.W.
Page 224 and 225: Table 1: Results of Confirmatory Fa
Page 226 and 227: Table 2: Full Structural Model Fit
Page 228 and 229: EXPB� INV H7b NS 0.080 0.062 0.00
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230
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MAPPING RETAILING ENTREPRENEUR DECI
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Attempts to use a framework to find
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attempts resulting in failure are n
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included in this sentence would be
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Detailed causal maps are needed in
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Start-up. Details of the stream of
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more successful when they avoid big
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Axelrod, Robert (1976), "The Cognit
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1. Brian Shore starts several + 2.
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+ 1. B.S. ‘Maximizes use of fryin
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degree of importance consumers plac
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initial use of the word “convenie
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In the decision-making process, tim
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at home 24 hr/7 days a week (Hofack
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Figure 1 about here ---------------
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the organization and design of the
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ehavior courses participated as bot
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convenience is different for the tw
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should seek to establish a similar
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obtained a small sample size of onl
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Dunn DT, Thomas CA, Lubawski JL. Pi
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Table 1 Dimensions of Convenience G
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Table 3 Retail Convenience Scale Re
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Table 5 Correlations, Means, and St
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Error! Figure 1 Retail Convenience
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Customer-to-customer interaction is
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Second, we need to find out the opt
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esponse to the behavior of other cu
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ewards (Swinyard 1993). A customer
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Values may be defined as beliefs th
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find out the optimal combination of
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Taguchi recommends the use of signa
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epresent higher tolerance of incomp
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estaurant where they can escape inc
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Three significant interaction terms
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McGrath, Mary Ann, Otnes, Cele, (19
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Table…2 Tests of Between-Subjects
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Figure…2 (a) Combination of L4 Ta
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