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Quality, value, satisfaction, trust, a

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upwardly mobile, professionals, might be willing to pay a higher price for a better tasting with<br />

all "natural ingredients," Most likely, the high cost, low-price, strategy for the Millie chip helped<br />

the firm move to a negative cash flow and a lower quality image in customers' minds, than would<br />

have been achieved with the product's price being above competitors' prices.<br />

By the close of the company, only the outcomes associated with the packaging were<br />

considered positively. The outcomes of all other decision areas shifted negatively or remained<br />

negative. In Table 2, decision area outcomes indicated by both an exclamation point and<br />

question mark M) are to indicate that the outcome contains both positive and negative<br />

outcomes. For example, product quality is unique in the start-up and growth stages, but might<br />

have been made substantially better with some consumer taste tests of alternative recipes.<br />

Implications for Research on Retailing Entrepreneur Behavior<br />

Causal mapping may be used to both develop theoretical models of sets of propositions<br />

about processes representative of retailing entrepreneur strategy-making. Such deductively<br />

developed processes may be tested by comparing their predictions of the presence and sequence<br />

of decisions, events, and interactions of people with causal maps of actual entrepreneur behavior.<br />

Large size samples of thick descriptions of real-life entrepreneur cases may serve as data<br />

bases for developing empirical causal maps. Such large scale studies on decision processes are<br />

appearing in the literature of organization science. As such, causal mapping represents an<br />

advanced case study research method deserving wider use among researchers in entrepreneur<br />

behavior.<br />

References<br />

245

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