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Growth. The growth stage of Millie Company is summarized in Figure 2. This causal<br />

map begins with a remarkably beneficial decision by Mr. Shore. He approaches a large<br />

Supermarket chain in the Ontario Province of Canada with a proposition to manufacture a<br />

Kosher potato chip for the Jewish holidays. This unique offer, marketing tactic, is accepted; for<br />

the first time, Millie is able to gain product placement in a large supermarket chain with stores in<br />

several Provinces (without offering shelf allowances). With the product's acceptance in one<br />

chain, the other' three largest chains quickly follow this lead (box 3). Thus, the third proposition<br />

described is supported: strategy-making in the entrepreneurial mode is characterized by dramatic<br />

leaps forward in the face of uncertainty; the organization makes dramatic gains with high risk of<br />

failure.<br />

Figure 3 here.<br />

.<br />

Note also that Mr. Shore continues to pursue rapid growth through-out the growth stage<br />

(see boxes 6 and 15 in Figure 3). He is unwilling to transform strategymaking from the<br />

entrepreneur mode to an adaptive, or planning, mode.<br />

Two decisions made by Mr. Shore to continue sales growth were judged to be very bad<br />

moves (??) by the three judges: the decisions shown in boxes 6 and 15. Millie's batch process<br />

versus competitors' continuous process requires substantially higher unit costs (see box 11 in<br />

Figure 2).<br />

Thus, offering the Millie product at a price lower than competitors' prices provides<br />

substantially less margin to cover costs and generate profits. Also, lessons from the Profit Impact<br />

of Marketing Strategies (PIMS 1980) include the folly of little market share brands companies<br />

attempting to compete head-on against much larger foes (box 15); successful small firms are<br />

243

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