Colchester Archaeological Report 2: The Roman small finds

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149 SF MID 558. A2010 L241. General site cleaning. 4th century or later. 67.0 mm long. 150 SF MID 549. A2017 L241. General site cleaning. 4th century or later. 115.0 mm long. Complete. 151 SF MID 560. A2018 L241. General site cleaning. 4th century or later. 82.0 mm long. 152 SF MID 603, B2196 ?L239. ?Period 3 destruction. 64.0 mm long. 153 SF MID 532, El969 F596. Pit. Site E Phases 4-6. 103.5 mm long. Complete. 154 SF MID 813, E2844 L419. ?<strong>Roman</strong> gravel layer. Period 3 or later. 76.0 mm long. 155 SF MID 777, G3273 L538. Topsoil. 4th century to early medieval. 64.0 mm long. Type 2 Pins with 1-4 transverse grooves beneath a conical head (Fig 18; 156-218). 157 SF LWC 591, B225 F91/F84. Shallow pit. Period 5. 55.0 mm long. Three grooves. 158 SF LWC 943, B471 F166, Pit. Period 5. 89.0 mm long. Two grooves. 160 SF LWC 1427, D181, Topsoil or dump? Early medieval? 38.5 mm long. Green. Two grooves. 161 SF LWC 1919, H119. Topsoil, 17th century or later, 73.5 mm long, Complete. Green. Two grooves. 163 SF LWC 2587, J530, Occupation or floor. Period 4a and b. 45.5 mm long. Two grooves. 164 SF LWC 2819, J593. Demolition debris. Period 4b destruction. 34.5 mm long. Two grooves. 165 SF LWC 3161, J615. Make-up for second gravelled yard. Period 4a. 61.5 mm long. Two grooves. Page 197
166 SF LWC 2964, J728. Occupation. Period 4a. 105.0 mm long. Two grooves. 167 SF LWC 3092, J862. Occupation and floors. Period 4. 47.0 mm long. Two grooves. 168 SF LWC 3165, J942 F210, Pit. Period 4b destruction. 87.0 mm long. Two grooves. 169 SF LWC 3348, J1086. Make-up (redeposited from earlier levels?). Period 4. 51.0 mm long. Two grooves. 170 SF LWC 3418, CT1105 F366. Pit. Period 4. 122.0 mm long. Green. Two grooves. 171 SF LWC 4135, J1108 F365, Pit. Period 4. 36.0 mm long. Two wide grooves. 172 SF LWC 3523, J1383 F458, Pit with slot. Period 4a. 95.0 mm long, Complete, bent, Two grooves. 173 SF LWC 2949, K209. Garden topsoil. Period 4b, 39,0 mm long. Two grooves. 174 SF LWC 3180, L374, Kitchen floor make-up, Period 4(2), 45.0 mm long. Two grooves. 175 SF LWC 2543, M120. Rampart la. 59.0 mm long. Two grooves. 176 SF BKC 5860, H7 L2. Topsoil. Post-<strong>Roman</strong>. 24.0 mm long. Two grooves. 178 SF BKC 3266(C), J160 F34. Pit, Period 5b (end?). 59.0 mm long. Two grooves. 179 SF BKC 3299(C), J176 F32. Pit. Periods 5c/6. 100.0 mm long. Two grooves. 180 SF BKC 3378(C), J186 F13. Large pit. Period 5b. 56.0 mm long. Two grooves. 181 SF BKC 3369(C), J196 F44. Pit. Period 5c/6. 125,0 mm long. Complete. Two grooves. 184 SF BKC 3157(C), K223 F12. Robber trench. Modern. 43.0 mm long. One groove. 185 SF BKC 4247(C), N247 F82. Pit. Period 6? 54,0 mm long, Two grooves. Page 198
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COLCHESTER ARCHAEOLOGICAL REPORT 2:
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© 1983 Colchester Archaeological T
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Colchester Archaeological Reports G
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Acknowledgements I am grateful to t
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109 Antler and bone cheekpieces fro
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For each site or area within a larg
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percentage into five groups: a) coi
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18 Objects the function or identifi
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ow has knurled marginal grooves and
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Britain by the army of conquest, wh
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again into side-wings. The external
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Fig 10 Bow brooches: Group 8 (1:1)
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Fig 14 Plate brooches (1:1) 16
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Unclassified (Fig 14; 88-92) 88 Fig
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worked bone and antler have been fo
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Fig 19 Bone hairpins: Type 3 (1:1)
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Fig 21 Bone hairpins: Type 5 (1:1)
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Fig 23 Bone hairpins: miscellaneous
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the size of the piece of jet used t
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Type 5. Pins with a groove or groov
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Fig 32 Gadrooned beads (1:1) 546 Fi
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usually of one division. It is impo
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ARMLETS Individual types are briefl
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Fig 39 Bone armlet (1:1) Fig 40 Ear
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Fig 42 Plain copper-alloy armlets (
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Fig 44 Copper-alloy armlets with tr
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applied horizontally. The S is made
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Fig 47 Copper-alloy armlets with mu
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Fig 50 Plain, coiled, cable-decorat
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IRON FINGER-RINGS With setting (Fig
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Fig 56 Hobnails plotted in situ in
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CATEGORY 2: TOILET, SURGICAL OR PHA
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the teeth. 1857 Fig 59 SF BUC 1529,
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Fig 63 Tweezers (1:1) this, one lon
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Fig 65 Spoon-probes (1:1) damaged.
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The nail-cleaner and the third piec
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CATEGORY 3: OBJECTS USED IN THE MAN
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Copper-alloy. Complete. Bent. Lengt
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CATEGORY 4: HOUSEHOLD UTENSILS AND
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semicircles of two concentric groov
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handle would pass through the hole.
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2066 SF BKC 1940, El 181 (F158). Co
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Stone vessel? (Fig 79; 2079) 2086 F
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Fig 82 Factory and open lamps, and
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Fig 85 Drop- and ring-handles from
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Fig 87 Bone and antler inlay (1:1)
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have been broken, but used after th
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tapering from 23.0 to 15.0 mm wide,
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plate appears to have formed a prot
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Fig 94 Bone counters (1:1) GLASS CO
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of a roundel is largely dictated by
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Fig 100 Tile counters (1:2) Diamete
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CATEGORY 6: OBJECTS EMPLOYED IN WEI
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WEIGHTS (Fig 105; 2510-2515) 2510 F
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CATEGORY 7: OBJECTS USED FOR OR ASS
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CATEGORY8: OBJECTS ASSOCIATED WITH
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CATEGORY 9: BUILDINGS AND SERVICES
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attachment was probably not particu
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IRON KNIFE OR CLEAVER BLADES (Fig 1
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2956 Fig 114 SF LWC 3452, J1232 F41
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CATEGORY 11: FASTENINGS AND FITTING
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Fig 120 Copper-alloy studs with a f
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laminated armour). There are copper
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arm (externally) 48.5 mm. 4080 Fig
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MISCELLANEOUS FITTINGS (Fig 134; 41
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Fig 137 Lock-pins (1:1) Fig 138 Lat
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CATEGORY 12: OBJECTS ASSOCIATED WIT
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CATEGORY 13: MILITARY EQUIPMENT The
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Fig 146 Shield binding (1:1) Fig 14
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slightly distorted belt-plate with
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Fig 154 Decorated front plate of an
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on late Roman military belts. The s
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LATE ROMAN BELT-FITTINGS, PROBABLY
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CATEGORY 14: OBJECTS ASSOCIATED WIT
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figures, such as the series of enam
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seems to have been a realistically
Page 156 and 157: Fig 180 Amulets (1:1) respectively.
Page 158 and 159: CATEGORY 15: OBJECTS AND WASTE MATE
Page 160 and 161: Fig 185 Worked bone from Balkerne L
Page 162 and 163: Fig 186 Worked bone from Balkerne L
Page 164 and 165: Fig 188 Lanceolate leaves without p
Page 166 and 167: Fig 190 Strip mounts from Butt Road
Page 168 and 169: Fig 192 Miscellaneous mounts from B
Page 170 and 171: CATEGORY 17: OBJECTS AND WASTE MATE
Page 172 and 173: Fig 199 Bone ?pegs (1:1) 4472 Fig 1
Page 174 and 175: Fig 202 Miscellaneous copper-alloy
Page 176 and 177: Fig 204 Miscellaneous copper-alloy
Page 178 and 179: Fig 206 Miscellaneous iron objects
Page 180 and 181: Fig 209 Miscellaneous bone objects
Page 182 and 183: Fig 211 Antler object (1:2) Fig 212
Page 184 and 185: BIBLIOGRAPHY Abbreviations BM Briti
Page 186 and 187: groups' in Britannia, 7, 192-209 Si
Page 188 and 189: OBJECT INDEX References are given t
Page 190 and 191: INDEX OF OBJECTS BY MATERIALS Amber
Page 192 and 193: Shale, see Jet Stones and minerals
Page 194 and 195: CONTENTS Category 1: personal ornam
Page 196 and 197: Type 60 The simplest and commonest
Page 198 and 199: Page 139 merge towards the foot. Th
Page 200 and 201: Group 7: T-shaped brooches (Fig 9;
Page 202 and 203: Type 266 Small wheel-shaped brooche
Page 204 and 205: HAIRPINS Bone pins Unless otherwise
Page 208 and 209: 186 SF BKC 4841(C), N310. Period 6?
Page 210 and 211: Page 201 Type 3 Pins with a more or
Page 212 and 213: Page 203 251 SF BKC 490(C). A9 L1.
Page 214 and 215: Page 205 287 SF BKC 2802(C), H298 (
Page 216 and 217: Head A, crude. Page 207 329 SF BKC
Page 218 and 219: Type 4 Pins with a faceted cuboid h
Page 220 and 221: Page 211 74.0 mm long. Three rings.
Page 222 and 223: Shaft fragments Page 213 454 SF LWC
Page 224 and 225: Page 215 72.0 mm. The shaft is very
Page 226 and 227: 532 SF BKC 4516. Tl. Unstratified.
Page 228 and 229: 561 SF LWC 2556. M121. Rampart la.
Page 230 and 231: diameter 6.0 mm. Translucent dark b
Page 232 and 233: diameter 5.5 mm. Translucent dark g
Page 234 and 235: diameter 4.0 mm. Translucent dark g
Page 236 and 237: 1420 SF BUC 709. C1394 G406. Grave
Page 238 and 239: Plain (1511-1553) ARMLETS Shale and
Page 240 and 241: thickness 5.5 mm. height 90 mm. 153
Page 242 and 243: height 5.0 mm. 1552 SF BUC 1513. H2
Page 244 and 245: 1572 SF CPS 336(C), 533 F116. Robbe
Page 246 and 247: Early (Fig 40; 1586-1587) Both in p
Page 248 and 249: 1614 SF BUC 336(C), B700 G115. Prob
Page 250 and 251: 53.0 mm. four circular-section stra
Page 252 and 253: joints fixed by a single copper-all
Page 254 and 255: 1690 SF BUC 953. E149 L13. Destruct
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Bead-imitative (Fig 46; 1715-1723)
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Plain (Fig 49; 1739) In printed cat
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Notched. crenellated (Fig 50; 1764-
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(1807), a coin of Diadumenian (AD 2
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BUCKLES AND BELT-PLATES Unless othe
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1838 SF BUC 492. C456 G274. Grave d
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In printed catalogue (Fig 57; 1850)
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(Fig 60; 1861-1S64) STIRRING-RODS 1
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Type 3 Nail-cleaners with a virtual
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TOILET SPOONS All objects are of co
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1923 SF BKC 5347, N419 F117. Period
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TOILET SETS All the pieces are of c
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CATEGORY 3: TEXTILE MANUFACTURE AND
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1983 SF BKC 4532(C), T229 F159. Pit
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SPINDLEWHORLS All in microfiche cat
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CATEGORY 4: HOUSEHOLD UTENSILS AND
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2041 SF BKC 2162, G47 Fll. Timber-l
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LAMPS Picture lamps All are in prin
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2120 SF LWC 3527(C), J1424 F180? Ro
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(Fig 86; 2146-2149) Bone inlay All
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CATEGORY 5: RECREATION Page 287 COU
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natural bone surface, this shape co
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formed by two converging strokes jo
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Pottery counters Counters with a gr
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abraded, especially the outer one.
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2338 SF BKC 844, A184 L3. Topsoil a
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2354 SF BKC 2678. HI L2. Topsoil. P
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2374 SF BKC 5332. T283 L67. Cellar
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Counters with no abraded surface bu
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2415 SF BKC 767. A unstratified. Wa
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2440 SF LWC 4080. Hi79 F49. Pit. Po
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counter is a rough. the graffito is
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later. 2471 SF BKC 411. A92 (L12),
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(Fig 100; 2483-2495) Tile counters
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Page 315 CATEGORY 61 OBJECTS EMPLOY
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Page 317 CATEGORY 7! OBJECTS USED F
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STYLI All objects are copper-alloy
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Length 60.0 mm (distorted), 2541 SF
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edges. 2552 SF LWC 1061. A64. Topso
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2578 SF LWC 1335. E63. Topsoil over
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2604 SF LWC 2504. J367. Period 4b d
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2631-2 SF LWC 3108. K255 F126. Pit.
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2659 SF BKC 311. A72 F16. Town ditc
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edge. 2684 SF BKC 5047. G392. Backf
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and dark purple marble. Veneer. 11.
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fragment. 2737 SF BKC 6051. V809 F2
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2757 SFBUC 1395. A301 L1. Post-medi
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Purbeck marble. Veneer strip. 12.5
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Purbeck marble. Veneer. 44.5 mm thi
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2844 SF CPS 967. 821 Ft 18. Robber
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2882 SF BKC 1679(C), E601 F178 Pipe
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One-piece handles a) plain (Fig 110
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the remaining part. There are two r
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(Fig 114? 2952-2972) HONES 2952 SF
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(Fig 115;2973-2981) VARIOUS IRON TO
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2993 SF LWC 2533. J476. Machine cle
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Polygonal section shaft. Length 22.
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With a flat head (Fig 117; 3051-308
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Diameter of head 4.0 mm. Square sec
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Probably originally flat. the centr
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The head is partly folded over. Dia
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Page 369 3172 SF BKC 3392» J200 F4
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3198 SF CPS 712(C), 734 L101. Make-
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Iron nails- and studs Page 373 Only
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Page 375 3329 LWC B643 Period 1 Nai
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Page 377 3397 LWC J508 F59 " Nail 1
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Page 37? 3495 BKC A77 (L8) Anglo-Sa
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Page 381 3611 BKC Hill F33 " Hail 1
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Page 383 3687 BKC J43 L6 Probably P
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Page 385 3803 BKC K557 LI22 Period
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Page 387 3878 BKC N582 L96 Period 5
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Page 389 3994 CPS 576 F115 " Hail 1
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All are of copper alloy. BOSSES Con
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DOUBLE-SPIKED LOOPS Loops are coppe
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In printed catalogue (Fig 128? 4075
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(Fig 131; 4085-4097) HINGE FITTINGS
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BINDING All the pieces are of coppe
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(Fig 136; 4130-4141) Lock-bolts 413
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Keys of uncertain type (4157-4158)
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Belt and apron fittings CATEGORY 13
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Copper-alloy strap-loops Cavalry ha
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Sword (Fig 153; 4227-4228) Arms 422
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Sword Arms Both in printed catalogu
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Page 413 CATEGORY 14: OBJECTS ASSOC
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IRON COFFIN-FITTINGS All in printed
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Page 417 CATEGORY 16: ANTLER-, HORN
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4319) The sawn off proximal end of
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Page 421 CATEGORY 17: OBJECTS ASSOC
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shaped section. Internal diameter 1
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copper-alloy wire double loop-in-lo
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4458 SF BKC 4210. N143 F33. Pit. Pe
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(4473-4600) SHEET COPPER ALLOY 4473
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parallel edges. 19.5 by 10.5 mm. 45
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Dimensions straightened out. 35.5 b
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4558 SF CPS 730. 773 L108. Make-up.
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ight angles. 31.5 by 26.0 mm. 4591
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4646 SF BKC 5181. V287 L25. Dump. P
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4669 SF LWC 3515. J140S F459. Pit.
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(Figs 207 and 208? 4695-4743) MISCE
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61.5 mm. 4733 SF BKC 5257. V595 L72
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Colchester Archaeological Report 2: The Roman small finds

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