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Skogen-inlaga_Layout 1 2010-03-03 12.22 Sida 222 Register Afrika 91f allemansrätten 95, 123 allokering 10f, 20, 23, 26, 128, 147, 165, 179, 190, 203 – marknadsdriven 10 – styrmedelsdriven 10 alternativa bränslen 61 arbetsmarknad 170f, 180 Asien 72, 75, 91 avfallspolitik 21 avvecklingslagen 45 avverkningsrester 77ff, 133, 139, 144, 148 avverkningsskyldighet 43 avverkningsvolym 89, 182 Baltikum 41, 75, 174 bark 28, 34, 77f barrträd 28 bensinförbrukning 61 beståndsvård 97 betesland 96 betesskador 120 bilbränsle 168 biobränsle 10, 12, 23, 27, 30, 35f, 41, 61f, 66, 76ff, 80, 83f, 111, 131, 133f, 139, 161 – biodisel 41, 61 – bioetanol 41 – första generationen flytande biobränsle 41 biodiversitet, se biologisk mångfald bioenergi 10, 13, 23, 27, 30, 101f, 222 111f, 116, 140, 161, 163, 165ff, 173ff, 180, 185, 193ff biogas 78, 80, 84 Biokonk 139 biokraftvärme 176 biologisk mångfald 13, 15, 18, 25, 53, 55, 66, 93, 96, 98ff, 128, 148, 200 biomassa 14, 19, 48, 57, 59, 61, 99, 109, 112, 115f, 146, 152, 157f, 163, 174, 202 bioraffinaderi 10, 18, 20, 28f, 32, 41, 150ff, 159, 185, 197 biotoper (bevarande av) 136f biprodukter 14, 16, 24, 33f, 37, 78f, 112, 140f, 144, 154ff, 159 björk 39 BNP 68, 83 Brasilien 61ff, 71 briketter 77ff brännbart avfall 78 brännved 13, 25, 32, 40, 51f, 56, 63, 80, 91f, 103ff bränsleceller 196 byggnadslagen 163 byggsektorn 69 bärnstenssyra 152 CCS (koldioxidinfångning och lagring) 192 cellulosa 14, 32, 41, 132 – hemicellulosa 151f, 157 Centralamerika 91 CEPI (Confederation of European Paper Industries) 70
Skogen-inlaga_Layout 1 2010-03-03 12.22 Sida 223 certifikathandel 167, se även elcertifikat – nordisk 180 – norsksvensk certifikatmarknad 173f certifikatsystem 45, 178f Chile 71 DME (dimetyleter) 153, 157 drivmedel 41, 61, 80, 83f, 191 – andra generationens drivmedelsprocess 132 – biodrivmedel 65, 81, 85, 132, 139, 191 drivningskostnad 88f död ved 96 E85 80, 132 E95 81 ekonomiska styrmedel 19, 23, 27, 36, 83, 134, 136 el 10, 23, 27, 41, 78, 80, 166f – naturgasbaserad 176 elbilar 191 elcertifikat 36f, 83f, 102, 133, 139, 149, 176, 178, se även certifikathandel Elforsk 139, 146 elkraft 179 energieffektivisering 36, 45, 197 energigräs 78 energihandlingsplan 44 energiintensiv industri (PEE) 83, 85 Energimyndigheten 132, 197 energiomställning 103 energiomvandlingssektorn 84 energipolitik 9, 18, 25ff, 43f, 82, 102, 131, 138, 145, 147, 149, 161, 163, 165f, 169ff, 175, 183, 193f, 201, 203 energipropositionen (1975) 163 energisektorn 13, 16, 20, 23f, 28, 30, 63, 66, 76, 78, 85, 140, 158, 173, 189 energiskatt 77, 83f, 166, 204 energiskog 77, 92 energisystem 9, 31, 34f energisäkerhet 174 energitjänstedirektivet 45 energitäthet 142 engreppsskördaren 89 Estland 99 etanol 10, 13, 32, 61f, 78, 80, 83f, 132, 157, 191 – cellulosabaserad 63f – majsbaserad 14, 63, 65 EU (Europeiska unionen) 25, 42, 82f, 98, 102, 134f, 179, 180 EUBIONET 39 EU-direktiv 41, 43, 132, 139, 144, 149, 164, 173, 175f EU ETS (system för handel med utsläppsrätter) 82ff, 130, 134, 158, 166ff, 176, 179, 187, 190 Europaparlamentet 44 Europeiska kommissionen 44, 83, 174 Europeiska rådet 44 EU:s energipolitik 44f – intern bördefördelning 82 EU:s fördrag 42 EU:s gemensamma jordbruks politik 42 EU:s klimat- och energipaket 12, 14, 19, 85, 102, 112 EU:s landsbygdsutvecklings - program 99 EU:s miljöpolitik 83 exporttariff/exporttull 41, 75, 93, 136 extern effekt 15, 59, 165f, 168f, 174f, 178, 182, 186f externalitet, se extern effekt externa miljökostnader 177 223
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