5-Endless Bliss Fifth Fascicle - Hakikat Kitabevi

sâ’ of wheat is lighter than 364 mithqâls, or five hundred and
twenty dirhams. I, the faqîr -Hüseyn Hilmi Işık- experimented
by using a balance and a cylindrical glass measuring jug, and
found out that a hundred grams of lentils is a hundred and
twenty cubic centimetres. Accordingly, one sâ’ is equal to four
litres plus one-fifth litre [4.2 litres].
In the Madhâhib of Shâfi’î, Mâlikî and Hanbalî, to give the
fitra is fard for a person who has a day’s food, and of whether
wheat or barley it is always necessary to give one sâ.’ In Shâfi’î
Madhhab one sâ’ is one-third of a menn less than three menns.
One menn is two ritl-i-Irâqî, or 260 dirhams. Then, one sâ’ is six
hundred and ninety-four [694] dirhams, which is written in Al
Anwar. In other words, it is one thousand, six hundred and
eighty [1608] grams. For in Shafi’î Madhhab a dirham is 2.42
grams. One mud is two-third a menn, which is equal two 173
dirhams plus a third dirham. Then, one sâ’ is four muds. In
Shâfi’î it is not permissible to give gold or silver equivalent of
wheat or barley. It is written in Şemseddîn Remlî’s fatwâ that it
is permissible to follow Hanafî and give the wheat’s equivalent
in silver instead of the wheat itself. The Madhâhib of Mâlikî and
Hanbalî are the same as Shâfi’î Madhhab in this respect, and
so one sâ’ is five ritls plus one-third a ritl, that is, 694 dirham-ishar’î,
or 1680 grams. These amounts have been stated clearly
in the books Kimyâ-yi-se’âdet and Manâhij-al ibâd ilel meâd.
The Turkish translation of the Arabic lexical book Kâmûs wa
Okyânûs states about the word Sâ’: “Sâ’ is a measure of
capacity that contains four muds of lentils. One mud, an amount
of two handfuls, is equal to two ritls in Hanafî Madhhab.
Accordingly, one sâ’ is eight ritls. In Shâfi’î Madhhab one mud is
one plus one-third ritls, and so one sâ’ is five plus one-third ritls
in that Madhhab.” And it states about the word Menn: “Menn,
which means batmann, is two ritls in every Madhhab.”
A person who does not fast because of a good excuse has
to give the sadaqa fitr.
Because the sadaqa fitr is small, it is given in silver. It is
written in the book Jawhara, “When giving the sadaqa fitr,
instead of wheat or barley, its value can be given in gold or
silver, in fulûs, that is, metal coins [and paper bills], or in any
other kind of property.” And it is written in Durr-ul-mukhtâr, “Its
value is given in gold and silver.” To explain these statements,
Ibni Âbidîn says, “The book Jawhara says that fulûs and urûz,
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