5-Endless Bliss Fifth Fascicle - Hakikat Kitabevi

sheep as the qurbân. If he vows it before the days of ’Iyd, he
will have to kill two, whatsoever his intention was. For, to mean
something which is not yet wâjib for one to do is not to inform
that one is going to do it. Also, if a person who becomes rich on
one of the ’Iyd days, (let us say, on the third day), vowed to kill
a sheep when he was poor on one of the ’Iyd days, (let us say,
on the first day), he has to kill two sheep, for the same reason.
For a rich person who has not become a hadji to vow hajj is
similar to a rich person vowing a qurbân on one of the days of
’Iyd of qurbân. For, performing the hajj, like performing the
qurbân, is of two kinds: performing the hajj which is fard; and
performing the supererogatory hajj. If, when vowing to go on
hajj, he does not mean to become a hadji, that is, to perform the
hajj which is fard, he will have to perform the hajj twice. For, if
the person for whom it is wâjib to perform the qurbân does not
mean the wâjib when vowing the qurbân, it will come to mean
the supererogatory qurbân and so the vow will be sahîh.
Likewise, if the hajj which is fard is not meant when vowing to
go on hajj, it will come to mean a supererogatory hajj. So the
vow will be sahîh, and the rich person will have to go on hajj
twice, one for the fard, and one for the vow. The case is not so
with vowing for the fast in Ramadân or, for example, vowing
noon prayer or vowing to become a hadji. Only the fard is
meant when they are said. They have no supererogatory forms.
Because the person vowing them means only the fard, the vow
is not sahîh. This means to say that something which can be
both fard and supererogatory can be vowed. Its fard form
shouldn’t be meant when vowing. This applies to vowing
namâz, fasting, hajj, and qurbân. A person who vows to fast in
Ramadân does not have to fulfil anything. He only fulfills his fast
of Ramadân, which is fard.
It is permissible for the poor as well as for the rich to vow a
qurbân. Qurbân means a sheep, goat, ox, or camel killed on
one of the first three days of the ’Iyd, which is wâjib for the rich
and supererogatory for the poor. A person who has vowed ten
sheep kills ten sheep within the three days of the ’Iyd. If they
are not killed within that time, he gives them alive as alms if he
still possesses them. For, the commandment is to kill only one
sheep. That the vowed number is ten shows that he did not
state that he would perform the qurbân which is wâjib. The
vowed qurbân must be performed on one of the certain three
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