Rethinking the Welfare State: The prospects for ... - e-Library

Notes 229
recognition built into communicative action are transferred, via the medium of law, from the
level of simple interactions to the abstract and anonymous relationships among strangers,” p.
385.
72 Michael Trebilcock, “The choice of governing instrument: a retrospective,” forthcoming, p.
5.
73 Ninette Kelley and Michael Trebilcock, The Making of the Mosaic: A History of Canadian
Immigration Policy (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998), p. 9.
3
Food stamps
1 Super, D. and Lewis, C., “Introduction to the Food Stamp Program,” Clearinghouse Review
(November, 1991), p. 905.
2 Kuhn, B., Dunn, P.A., Smallwood, D., Hanson, K., Blaylock J. and Vogel, S., “Policy watch:
the Food Stamp Program and welfare reform,” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 10(2)
(Spring, 1996), p. 191.
3 Though it is true that some sub-groups receive proportionally more benefit from the program
than others, it is the over-representation of these sub-groups in the low-income category that
explains this outcome and not a particular targeting practice of the program.
4 Christina Tuttle, of Mathematica Policy Research, Inc., for the USDA Office of Analysis,
Nutrition and Evaluation, “Characteristics of food stamp households: fiscal year 2001” (July,
2001), available at: http://www.mathematica-mpr.com/.
5 Robert Moffitt, “Lessons from the food stamp program,” in Steuerle et al. (eds) Vouchers and
the Provision of Public Services (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2000), p.
119.
6 Ibid.
7 Butler, J.S. and Raymond, J.E., “The effect of the food stamp program on nutrient intake,”
Economic Inquiry, 34 (October, 1996), p. 78.
8 Kohrs, Czajka-Nairns, Davis and Guthrie, cited in Butler and Raymond, supra note 7, p. 784.
9 Basiotis, P., Kramer-LeBlanc, C. and Kennedy, E., “Maintaining nutrition security and diet
quality: the role of the Food Stamp Program and WIC,” Family Economics and Nutrition
Review, 11(1) (1998), p. 12.
10 Ibid.
11 Douglas Besharov, Washington Post (December 8, 2002), p. B01.
12 Basiotis et al., supra note 9.
13 Peter K.Eisinger, Toward An End To Hunger In America (Washington, DC: Brookings
Institution Press, 1998), p. 42.
14 Ibid.
15 Ibid., p. 41.
16 Moffitt, supra note 5, p. 3. The program served approximately 4 million persons annually.
17 Eisinger, supra note 13, p. 3.
18 Ibid., p. 39.
19 Ibid., pp. 4–5.
20 Ibid., p. 43.
21 This section draws substantially on James Ohls and Harold Beebout, The Food Stamp
Program: Design Tradeoffs, Policy, and Impacts (Urban Insitute, 1993), Robert Moffit’s
“Lessons from the Food Stamp Program” (supra note 5) as well as the USDA Food and
Nutrition Service, “A Short History of the Food Stamp Program,” available at:
http://www.fns.usda.gov/fsp/rules/Legislation/history.htm.
22 USDA. supra note 21.