Final Report 91 Murdoch, P.S., Baron, J.S. and Miller, T.L. 2000. Potential effects of climate change on surface water quality in North America. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 36, 347- 366. Myers, N., Mittermeier, R.A., Mittermeier, C.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B. and Kent, J. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature, 403, 853-858. Newson, R., Strachan, D., Archibald, E., Emberlin, J., Hardaker, P. and Collier, C. 1998. Acute asthma epidemics, weather and pollen in England, 1987-1994. European Respiratory Journal, 11, 694-701. Nicholls, R.J. and Branson, J. 1998. Coastal resilience and planning for an uncertain future: an introduction. Geographical Journal, 164, 255-258. Nicholls, R.J., Dredge, A. and Wilson, T. 2000. Shoreline changes and fine-grained sediment input: Isle of Sheppey Coast, Thames Estuary, UK. In: Pye, K. and Allen, J.R.L. (eds.), Coastal and estuarine environments: sedimentology, geomorphology and geoarchaeology. Geological Society, <strong>London</strong>, Special Publication, 175, 303-315. Nicholls, R.J., Hoozemans, F.M.J. and Marchand, M. 1999. Increasing flood risk and wetland losses due to sea-level rise: regional and global analyses. Global Environmental Change, 9, S69-S87. O’Hare, G.P. and Wilby, R.L. 1995. Ozone pollution in the United Kingdom: an analysis using Lamb circulation types. Geographical Journal, 161, 1–20. Oke, T.R. 1987. Boundary layer climates. <strong>London</strong>: Routledge. Osborn, T.J., Hulme, M., Jones, P.D. and Basnett, T.A. 2000. Observed trends in the daily intensity of United Kingdom precipitation. International Journal of Climatology, 20, 347-364. Palmer, T.N. and Räisänen, J. 2002. Quantifying the risk of extreme seasonal precipitation events in a changing climate. Nature, 415, 512-514. Parmesan, C., Root, T.L. and Willig, M.R. 2000. Impacts of extreme weather and climate on terrestrial biota. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 81, 443-450. Parmesan, C., Ryrholm, N., Stefanescu, C., Hill, J.K., Thomas, C.D., Descimon, H., Huntley, B., Kaila, L., Kullberg, J., Tammaru, T., Tennent, W.J., Thomas, J.A. and Warren, M. 1999. Poleward shifts in geographical ranges of butterfly species associated with regional warming. Nature, 399, 579-583. Petts, G.E. and Calow, P. (eds) 1996. River restoration: selected extracts from the Rivers handbook. Oxford: Blackwell Science. Pilgrim, J.M., Fang, X. and Stefan, H.G. 1998. Stream temperature correlations with air temperatures in Minnesota: implications for climate warming. Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 34, 1109-1121. Pilling, C.G. and Jones, J.A.A. 2002. The impact of future climate change on seasonal discharge, hydrological processes and extreme flows in the Upper Wye experimental catchment, mid-Wales. Hydrological Processes, 16, 1201-1213. Pilling, C. and Jones, J.A.A. 1999. High resolution climate change scenarios: implications for British runoff. Hydrological Processes, 13, 2877-2895.
Final Report 92 Reed, D.J. 1990. The impact of sea level rise on coastal salt marshes. Progress in Physical Geography, 14, 465-481. Rooney, C., McMichael, A.J., Kovats, R.S. and Coleman, M. 1998. Excess mortality in England and Wales, and in Greater <strong>London</strong>, during the 1995 heatwave. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 52, 482-486. Rounsevell, M.D.A., Evans, S.P. and Bullock, P. 1999. Climate change and agricultural soils: impacts and adaptation. Climatic Change, 43, 683-709. Sala, O.E., Chapin, F.S., Armesto, J.J., et al. 2000. Biodiversity: global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100. Science, 287, 1770-1774. Sartor, F., Snacken, R., Demuth, C. and Walckiers, D. 1995. Temperature, ambient ozone levels, and mortality during summer 1994 in Belgium. Environmental Research, 70, 105-113. Schimel, D.S., Kittel, T.G.F. and Parton, W.J. 1991. Terrestrial biogeochemical cycles: global interactions with atmosphere and hydrology. Tellus, 43AB, 188-203. Schindler, D.W. 1997. Widespread effects of climatic warming on freshwater ecosystems in North America. Hydrological Processes, 11, 825-871. Sefton, C.E.M. and Boorman, D.B. 1997. A regional investigation into climate change impacts on UK streamflows. Journal of Hydrology, 195, 26-44. Sillman, S. and Samson, P.J. 1995. Impact of temperature on oxidant photochemistry in urban, polluted rural, and remote environments. Journal of Geophysical Research, 100, 11497-11508. Sparks, T.H. 1999. Date of leaf emergence on trees in spring. In: Cannell, M.G.R., Palutikof, J.P. and Sparks, T.H. (eds). Indicators of climate change in the UK. Department of Environment, Transport and Regions, UK, 87pp. Sparks, T.H. and Loxton, R.G. 1999. Arrival date of the swallow. In: Cannell, M.G.R., Palutikof, J.P. and Sparks, T.H. (eds). Indicators of climate change in the UK. Department of Environment, Transport and Regions, UK, 87pp. Sparks, T.H. and Potts, J.M. 1999. Late summer grass production. In: Cannell, M.G.R., Palutikof, J.P. and Sparks, T.H. (eds). Indicators of climate change in the UK. Department of Environment, Transport and Regions, UK, 87pp. Sparks, T.H. and Smithers, R.J. 2002. Is spring getting earlier? Weather, 57, 157-166. Sparks, T.H. and Woiwod, I.P. 1999. Dates of insect appearance and activity. In: Cannell, M.G.R., Palutikof, J.P. and Sparks, T.H. (eds). Indicators of climate change in the UK. Department of Environment, Transport and Regions, UK, 87pp. Steers, J.A. 1953. The east coast floods, January 31 – February 1 1953. The Geographical Journal, 119, 280-295. Subak, S. 1999. Incidence of Lyme disease in humans. In: Cannell, M.G.R., Palutikof, J.P. and Sparks, T.H. (eds). Indicators of climate change in the UK. Department of Environment, Transport and Regions, UK, 87pp.
- Page 1 and 2:
london’swarming The Impacts of Cl
- Page 3 and 4:
London Climate Change Partnership A
- Page 5 and 6:
Contents Final Report i Executive S
- Page 7 and 8:
Final Report iii 5.8 Bibliography 8
- Page 9 and 10:
Final Report v 7.3.3 Case Study 156
- Page 11 and 12:
Final Report vii 8.5.1 Monitoring I
- Page 13 and 14:
Final Report ix Figure 3.3 River Th
- Page 15 and 16:
Executive Summary Final Report xi T
- Page 17 and 18:
Final Report xiii building and urba
- Page 19 and 20:
Final Report 2 There are two study
- Page 21 and 22:
Final Report 4
- Page 23 and 24:
Final Report 6 In this study histor
- Page 25 and 26:
Final Report 8
- Page 27 and 28:
Final Report 10 anomalies close to
- Page 29 and 30:
"Hot" day anomaly (days) Final Repo
- Page 31 and 32:
Final Report 14 3.3 Precipitation (
- Page 33 and 34:
Final Report 16 Table 3.1 The five
- Page 35 and 36:
Final Report 18 Figure 3.6 Number o
- Page 37 and 38:
Final Report 20 1900’s, 1940’s,
- Page 39 and 40:
Final Report 22 Figure 3.9 Days wit
- Page 41 and 42:
metres AOD Final Report 24 Figure 3
- Page 43 and 44:
Final Report 26 Figure 3.13 Number
- Page 45 and 46:
Final Report 28 quality is monitore
- Page 47 and 48:
Final Report 30 Table 3.2 Nature co
- Page 49 and 50:
ad11:users:ad11:desktop:final tech
- Page 51 and 52:
Final Report 34 Table 3.4 Exemplar
- Page 53 and 54:
Climate indicators Recent trend Fin
- Page 55 and 56:
Final Report 38 Marsh, T.J. and Mon
- Page 57 and 58: Final Report 40
- Page 59 and 60: Final Report 42 Table 4.2 Consensus
- Page 61 and 62: Final Report 44 Table 4.4 Summary o
- Page 63 and 64: Final Report 46 Figure 4.1 Referenc
- Page 65 and 66: Final Report 48 Precipitation By th
- Page 67 and 68: Final Report 50 Sea Level Rates of
- Page 69 and 70: Final Report 52 representing the un
- Page 71 and 72: Final Report 54 Figure 4.7 Winter (
- Page 73 and 74: Final Report 56 4.7 Statistical Dow
- Page 75 and 76: Final Report 58 1961-90 plus 0.26º
- Page 77 and 78: Final Report 60
- Page 79 and 80: Final Report 62 temperature between
- Page 81 and 82: Final Report 64 Table 5.2 Potential
- Page 83 and 84: Final Report 66 without climate cha
- Page 85 and 86: Final Report 68 paradox is explaine
- Page 87 and 88: Final Report 70 Table 5.4 Changes i
- Page 89 and 90: Final Report 72 to withstand floods
- Page 91 and 92: Final Report 74 Figure 5.5 The 60-d
- Page 93 and 94: Final Report 76 Figure 5.6 The area
- Page 95 and 96: Final Report 78 use/restoration of
- Page 97 and 98: Final Report 80 The most important
- Page 99 and 100: Final Report 82 of air pollution co
- Page 101 and 102: Final Report 84 5.6.6 Adaptation Op
- Page 103 and 104: Final Report 86 Issues Climate vari
- Page 105 and 106: Final Report 88 Davis, R.J. 2001. T
- Page 107: Final Report 90 Klein, R.J.T., Nich
- Page 111 and 112: Final Report 94
- Page 113 and 114: Final Report 96 and water supply (e
- Page 115 and 116: Final Report 98 Medium-Low Emission
- Page 117 and 118: Final Report 100 Variable Global Ma
- Page 119 and 120: Final Report 102 6.4 Need for a Com
- Page 121 and 122: Final Report 104 Figure 6.2 aims to
- Page 123 and 124: Final Report 106 London’s attract
- Page 125 and 126: Final Report 108 Figure 6.3 Autonom
- Page 127 and 128: Final Report 110 levels of confiden
- Page 129 and 130: Final Report 112 with some arguing
- Page 131 and 132: Final Report 114 reducing the H/W r
- Page 133 and 134: Final Report 116 groundwater storag
- Page 135 and 136: Final Report 118 explored in Tokyo
- Page 137 and 138: Final Report 120 Temperature Change
- Page 139 and 140: Final Report 122 development on bro
- Page 141 and 142: Final Report 124 requirement for fu
- Page 143 and 144: Final Report 126 Figure 6.4 Flows o
- Page 145 and 146: Final Report 128 6.11 Lifestyles an
- Page 147 and 148: Final Report 130 2050s (DoH 2002).
- Page 149 and 150: Final Report 132 Table 6.4 Potentia
- Page 151 and 152: Final Report 134 glistening pebbles
- Page 153 and 154: Final Report 136 is because there w
- Page 155 and 156: Final Report 138 the very hottest w
- Page 157 and 158: Final Report 140 Local meetings are
- Page 159 and 160:
Final Report 142 workshop in which
- Page 161 and 162:
Final Report 144 is important to no
- Page 163 and 164:
Final Report 146 Table 6.5 Summary
- Page 165 and 166:
Final Report 148 Martens, W. (1996)
- Page 167 and 168:
Final Report 150
- Page 169 and 170:
Final Report 152 Box 1 A profile of
- Page 171 and 172:
Final Report 154 ‘Y’ indicates
- Page 173 and 174:
Final Report 156 Impacts Due to Win
- Page 175 and 176:
Final Report 158 months would resul
- Page 177 and 178:
7.3.6 Road Transport Final Report 1
- Page 179 and 180:
Final Report 162 It was suggested i
- Page 181 and 182:
Table 7.3 Summary Table of Impacts
- Page 183 and 184:
Final Report 166 In fact it is esti
- Page 185 and 186:
Table 7.4 Summary table of impacts
- Page 187 and 188:
Final Report 170 that a significant
- Page 189 and 190:
Final Report 172 than concrete and
- Page 191 and 192:
Final Report 174 through the implem
- Page 193 and 194:
7.6 Financial Services Final Report
- Page 195 and 196:
Table 7.6 Summary table of impacts
- Page 197 and 198:
Final Report 180 7.7.4 Impacts Due
- Page 199 and 200:
Final Report 182 7.8 Environmental
- Page 202 and 203:
Table 7.8 Summary table of impacts
- Page 204 and 205:
Final Report 187 Table 7.9 Potentia
- Page 206 and 207:
Table 7.10 Summary table of impacts
- Page 208 and 209:
Table 7.11 Summary table of impacts
- Page 210 and 211:
Table 7.12 Summary table of impacts
- Page 212 and 213:
Final Report 195 business strategy,
- Page 214 and 215:
Final Report 197 Sir William Halcro
- Page 216 and 217:
Final Report 8. Summary and Policy
- Page 218 and 219:
Issue Main Points Biodiversity Buil
- Page 220 and 221:
Issue Main Points Final Report 203
- Page 222 and 223:
Climate Impact Adaptation Options L
- Page 224 and 225:
Final Report 207 and will bear the
- Page 226 and 227:
Final Report 209 In an RS world, th
- Page 228 and 229:
Final Report 211 newcomers from acr
- Page 230 and 231:
Final Report 213 policies also stat
- Page 232 and 233:
8.4.2 London Development Agency Fin
- Page 234 and 235:
Final Report 217 present study as w
- Page 236 and 237:
Final Report 219 • Could develope
- Page 238 and 239:
Final Report 221 consider recreatio
- Page 240 and 241:
8.4.7 London Biodiversity Partnersh
- Page 242 and 243:
Final Report 225 8.5.5 Health and C
- Page 244 and 245:
Final Report 227 It is particularly
- Page 246 and 247:
9. Conclusions 9.1 Initial Study Fi
- Page 248 and 249:
Final Report 231 frequency and inte
- Page 250 and 251:
Final Report 233 • Engaged a wide
- Page 252 and 253:
London Waste Thames Gateway London
- Page 254 and 255:
Aim of the Workshop Final Report 23
- Page 256 and 257:
Final Report 239 Table 2 Summary of
- Page 258 and 259:
Final Report 241 The notes made by
- Page 260 and 261:
Final Report 243 • Past populatio
- Page 262 and 263:
• Local Government implementation
- Page 264 and 265:
• Water table • Air conditionin
- Page 266 and 267:
• London Health Observatory Final
- Page 268 and 269:
Flooding Water Resources Air Qualit
- Page 270 and 271:
• Landfill location by river Fina
- Page 272 and 273:
• Tensions are limits to growth F
- Page 274 and 275:
Final Report 257 • Impacts on nat
- Page 276 and 277:
Final Report 259 • How will atmos
- Page 278 and 279:
Final Report 261 • Learn from cli
- Page 280 and 281:
Government Cultural Heritage • De
- Page 282 and 283:
Final Report 265 Where or who is ex
- Page 284 and 285:
• Business - transport + infrastr
- Page 286 and 287:
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES Final Report
- Page 288 and 289:
Final Report 271 • Increased risk
- Page 290 and 291:
Final Report 273 • In Central Lon
- Page 292 and 293:
WORKSHOP EVALUATION Final Report 27
- Page 294 and 295:
Final Report 277 further study to e
- Page 296 and 297:
Final Report 279 Geoff Jenkins Hadl
- Page 298 and 299:
Final Report 281 Appendix C Represe
- Page 300 and 301:
Final Report 283 Climate prediction
- Page 302 and 303:
Final Report 285 GQA General Qualit
- Page 304 and 305:
Final Report 287 Stochastic A proce
- Page 306 and 307:
crime arising from extreme weather
- Page 308 and 309:
open spaces 113, 136-8, 212 increas
- Page 310 and 311:
tunnels (cont) stability 110 Tyndal