Fsnau-Post-Gu-2012-Technical-Report

Sectors
26
3.4 livestocK sector
Background
More than half (4.2 million people) of Somalia’s population
comprise agropastoralists and pure pastoralists who depend
on livestock and livestock products as a source of income
and food. Out of a total of 33 livelihood zones defined in
the country, 14 are purely pastoral and 12 are agropastoral.
The purely pastoral zones are mainly concentrated in the
central and northern parts. Eight out of twelve agropastoral
livelihood zones are in the South, with only three in the North
and one in Central.
Pasture, Water and Livestock Migration
Pasture and water are in an average condition in most key
pastoral livelihoods in the North due to the near average
to average Gu 2012 rains. The rains also alleviated water
shortages in areas of Sool plateau and Nugaal that had
suffered rain deficit. However there were exceptions such
as the Guban livelihood of Awdal, Waqooyi Galbeed and
Sanaag region, Coastal Deeh of Bari (Iskushuban and
Aluula) and pockets of Nugaal valley, Gebi Valley and
Hawd of Togdheer where Gu 2012 rains were either poor
or had totally failed. For the Guban livelihood, this is the
third consecutive year of failed Hays rains (Dec-Feb), which
happen to be the. only rainy season in this area. The central
regions of Galgadud and South Mudug, Coastal Deeh, large
parts of Addun and Pockets of Hawd all have poor water and
pasture conditions. , Large areas of Hawd and Cowpea Belt
have had average pasture and water availability.. However,
early depletion of pasture is expected in parts of the Addun,
Cowpea Belt and Coastal Deeh livelihoods.
Pasture and water availability in most of the southern regions
was average at the time of the Gu 2012 assessment (July
2012). The rains helped to improve the dry pasture from the
previous Deyr 2011/12. However, poor pasture was reported
in the agropastoral and riverine areas of the Hiraan region,
and the agropastoral areas of Middle Shebelle (Adale and
Aden Yabaal) and Coastal Deeh of of Lower Shebelle.
Water shortages were also reported in the Southern Inland
Pastoral livelihood of Gedo and Lower Juba regions due to
poor Gu 2012 rains (40-60%LTM).
As pasture, browse and water were available in most of
the South, North and parts of the Central region, livestock
migration remained largely normal (within the traditional
wet/dry season grazing areas). Abnormal migration was
only observed in the Guban livelihood of Sanaag region
towards Sool Plateau and Nugaal valley of Sool region.
Pastoral migration from Coastal Deeh of Bari region
(Iskushuban and Allula) to Sool Plateau of Bari region
(Qardho and Iskushuban districts) was also reported (Map
1). No unusual cross-border livestock movements have
been reported from the neighbouring countries of Ethiopia
and Kenya owing to similar seasonal performances..
FSNAU Technical Series Report No. VI 48
Issued October 18, 2012
Map 10: Somalia, Somalia Rangeland Rangeland Condition and Conditions Livestock Migration and Livestock
July, 2012
Migration, Gu ‘12
ZEYLAC
!
LUGHAYE
!
!
BAKI
!
BERBERA
BORAMA
!.
GEBILEY
SHEIKH
!
!
HARGEYSA
!. OWDWEINE
!
BURAO
!.
AINABA
!
Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit - Somalia http://www.fsnau.org
Livestock Body P.O. Box 1230 Village Market, Condition Nairobi, Kenya Email: fsauinfo@fsnau.org tel: and 254-20-4000000 fax:254-20-4000555 Herd FSNAU Dynamics
is managed by FAO
Since last Deyr 2011/12, improvements in livestock body
condition (average to above average-PET 3-4) 1 as well as
increased productivity have been observed throughout the
country due to improved rangeland conditions. However, the
Guban livelihood of the Northwest region is still of concern.
Their livestock body condition, livestock production and
reproduction are all below average to poor. This is a result
of two Hays rains being missed in the area resulting in
unfavourable rangeland conditions over the past two years
(2010/2011). In southern and central regions, gradual herd
growth of small ruminants and cattle have been observed.
Medium kidding/lambing rates of sheep and goat were
reported in March-May of this year as well as medium to high
calving of cattle in Hagaa (July-Aug’12) . This is a normal
trend (exceptionally high rates of conception) owing to
average rangeland conditions (pasture and water) as well as
improved livestock body conditions. In the northern regions,
medium kidding and lambing rates were reported in the
Deyr season and in March-May 2012. As a consequence,
1 PET (Pictorial Evaluation Tool) - This is a tool used to quantify/standardize evaluations
of livestock body condition, by placing sets of photographs of Somali livestock
in a range of body conditions scored from 1 (very thin) to 5 (very fat) in a
progressive series for each species. This is done rapidly and without touching the
body of the livetsock in the field, by the side of the road, markets, backyard e.t.c. It
is also used to monitor changes in the same herds and flocks over time; and between
similar herds and flocks in different locations
!
ABUDWAQ
! ADADO
!
GARBAHAREY
JALALAQSI
EL WAQ
!
!.
BAIDOA
!.
QANSAH DERE
!
!
WANLA WEYN
!
!
Mahaday Weyn
!
JOWHAR
ADALE
!.
!
DINSOR
BARDERA !
!
BALAD
!
AFGOYE
!
BADHADHE
!
DJIBOUTI
!
! BRAVA
!
QORYOLEY !.
! KURTUNWAAREY
EL AFWEIN
!
!
LASQORAY
!
BURTINLE
!
GOLDOGOB
!
GALKAYO
!.
!
JARIBAN
!
HOBYO
!
EL BARDE
!
BELET WEYNE
!.
Rab Dhuure
!
! EL BUR
HARADHERE
!
DOLO
!
BELET XAWA
!
!
WAJID
!
HUDUR
!.
TIEGLO
!
ADAN ! YABAL
!
EL DER
!
SAKOW
!
BU'AALE
!.
Hagar
!
!
JILIB
!
JAMAME
!
KISMAAYO
!.
"/
±
25 12.50
25 50 75 100
Kilometers
Technical Partner Funding Agencies
DUSAMAREB
!.
ERIGABO
!.
LAS ANOD
!.
GAROWE
!.
Swiss Agency for
Development and
Cooperation SDC
BOSSASO
!.
GARDO
!
KANDALA
!
Water Availability
Very Poor Water
Below Normal Water
Normal Water
!
ALULA
!
ISKUSHUBAN
!
The boundaries and names on these maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. The regional & District boundaries reflect those endorsed by the Government of the Republic of Somalia in 1986.
BANDAR BEYLA
!
Pasture Availability
Very Poor Pasture
Below Normal Pasture
Normal Pasture
Livestock Migration
Normal Opportunistic Migration
Abnorrmal Migration