Fsnau-Post-Gu-2012-Technical-Report

Table 25: Hiran Region, Estimated Rural and Urban Population by Livelihood Zone in Emergency and
Crisis, Aug-Dec 2012
Livelihood Zone
See Appendix 5.4.3 for Footnotes
Estimated Population
by Livelihood Zones
livelihoods the rainfall was below normal. This has negatively
affected crop production, as well as, agricultural labour
opportunities. The satellite imagery indicates cumulative
rainfall April- June 2012 (140-180%) of Long Term Mean
(LTM) in most parts of pastoral livelihoods (SIP and Hawd) of
Hiran region. As a consequence, natural water catchments,
shallow wells and berkads were replenished thereby
increasing water availability. Average pasture and browse
conditions led to improved livestock body condition and
normal livestock migration patterns in the region and reduced
competition (and possible disputes) over natural resources.
Physical Capital
Roads and other public infrastructure are in poor condition
due to lack of maintenance and rehabilitation over the past
years. Recurrent river floods have damaged bridges, culverts,
irrigation canals and fragile river embankments, which are
in very poor condition in most parts of the region. Many
communal rural water catchments in the main agropastoral
villages are silted and have lost their capacity to carry more
water. Other water points like shallow wells are also in need
of rehabilitation.
Social Capital
In the rural areas, social support systems are generally in
the form of in-kind transfers such as livestock, livestock
products, food and limited cash gifts. Inter-community social
support mechanisms are active and remain important for
poor households in the region. Levels of social support
such as zakat continued to increase in pastoral zones due
to average seasonal performances, however the practice
declined in agropastoral and riverine zones of the region as
a result of poor rainfall performances. In the urban areas,
community support remains active although the presence of
destitute pastoralists in Beletweyn and protracted IDPs from
Mogadishu put pressure on the host communities in terms
of resource sharing.
Human Capital
Basic social services such as health and education are
inadequate in the rural areas due to the lack of qualified
staff, limited medical supplies and lack of incentives for the
staff. Primary school attendance in Buloburte and Jalalaqsi
had increased due to the improved seasonal performance,
Stressed Crisis Emergency
Total in Crisis &
Emergency as % of
Rural population
Hiraan
Ciid (Hawd) Pastoral 25,760 7,000 0 0 0
Hiran Agro‐Past 136,727 0 36,000 12,000 35
Hiran riverine 32,633 5,000 6,000 0 18
Southern Inland Past 61,511 7,000 9,000 0 15
Destitute pastoralists 4,067 0 0 4,000 98
Sub‐total 260,698 19,000 51,000 16,000 26
Urban 69,113 13,000 13,000 0 19
Regional Total 329,811 32,000 64,000 16,000 24
Replenished natural water catchment, Hawd, Beletwein,
Hiran, FSNAU, July 2012
which reduced out-migration. However, attendance of formal
and koranic schools in Beletwein town has declined due to
displacements following the continued fighting between TFG/
Ethiopians and insurgents. The nutrition survey conducted
in Beletweyne district in July 2012 reported GAM and SAM
rates of 16.6 and 3.3 percent, respectively. The 90 days
retrospective crude and under five deaths reported are 0.80
and 2.32, with the under five death rate remaining elevated.
The current integrated nutrition situation analysis indicates a
Critical nutrition situation, an improvement from Very Critical,
but with under five mortality rates remaining of concern.
The nutrition survey in Mataban district was also conducted in
July 2012, which showed similar results of GAM (16.7%) and
SAM (4.2%) rates, respectively. The 90 days retrospective
crude and under five deaths reported are 0.99 and 4.50.
Of great concern are the under five death rates reported
in this district, the under five death rate is extremely high
and is the highest reported rate in the country. The main
causes of death reported were diarrhoea and fever. The
integrated nutrition situation analysis indicates a Critical
nutrition situation, which is an improvement from the likely
Very Critical situation reported among the pastoral population
in the preceding season, however the elevated under five
mortality rates and extremely low immunization rates are
alarming and should be immediately addressed. The poor
nutrition situation in Hiran region is mainly attributed to the
lack of access to health facilities (high morbidity rates, low
immunization coverage and high under five mortality rates),
FSNAU Technical Series Report No. VI 48
Issued October 18, 2012
Regional Analysis
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