Fsnau-Post-Gu-2012-Technical-Report

Regional Analysis
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4.3.5 hIRAN REGION
Overview
The food security situation has shown improvements post Gu 2012 in most livelihoods
of Hiran region, where the number of people in Crisis decreased by 21 percent from
post-Deyr 2011/12. Currently, 40,000 rural people are identified in Crisis (IPC Phase 3)
while the rest (15,000 people) are in Emergency (IPC Phase 4). The most affected are
agropastoral communities, which are classified in Crisis, with other livelihoods classified
as Stressed (IPC Phase 4). In the projected period of August-December 2012, the food
security situation is likely to remain unchanged due to the Deyr rainfall performance and
the security situation in the region. Riverine and Hawd Pastoral livelihoods,,have remained
in Crisis from post Deyr 2011/12. Southern Inland Pastoral has improved from Crisis
phase in post Deyr 2011/12 to the Stress phase in post Gu’12. However, the agropastoral
livelihood of Hiran has changed from the Emergency phase in post Deyr 2011/12 to the
Crisis phase in post Gu’12. The improvement in the pastoral livelihoods of the region
is primarily attributable to average Gu 2012 seasonal rainfall
performances that resulted in improved availability of water,
pasture and browse. Subsequently, livestock body condition
continued to improve, resulting in an increased number of
saleable animals with a higher value. However, in riverine and
agropastoral livelihood zones rainfall performance was poor.
The poor households in the riverine areas were not able to
cover high irrigation costs and received a poor crop harvest
this season. However, they did have some cereal stocks and
have also benefitted from cash crop production employment.
Levels of social support such as zakat continued to increase in
pastoral zones due to average seasonal performances, while
it declined in agro-pastoral and riverine zones of the region as
the result of poor rainfall performances.
In the Deyr 2011/12 season, the nutrition situation of the entire region remained classified as likely Very Critical due to the
high proportion (>20%) of acutely malnourished children reported in health facilities. No nutrition surveys were conducted
in the region in the Deyr 2011/12 season, due to inaccessibility as a result of civil insecurity. In the Gu 2012 season, it was
still very difficult to obtain access to conduct livelihood based nutrition surveys in the region, however in July 2012, FSNAU
and partners were able to conduct administrative based nutrition surveys in Beletweyne and Mataban districts of Hiran
region, in the accessible areas. The majority of the sampled clusters in Beletweyne district were riverine, while in Mataban
district the clusters were predominantly pastoral. No surveys were undertaken in Buloburti and Jalaqsi districts, therefore
no overall nutrition situation is reported for these two districts because of lack of adequate data.
EFFECTS ON LIVELIHOOD ASSETS
Natural Capital
The Gu 2012 seasonal rainfall performance was average in pastoral zones of Hiran region while in agropastoral and riverine
Table 24: Hiran Region, Estimated Rural and Urban Population by District in Emergency and Crisis, Aug-Dec 2012
District
Hiraan
Belet Weyne/Matabaan 135,580 11,000 25,000 11,000 27
Bulo Burto/Maxaas 88,673 5,000 19,000 4,000 26
Jalalaqsi 36,445 3,000 7,000 1,000 22
Rural Sub‐total 260,698 19,000 51,000 16,000 26
Urban 69,113 13,000 13,000 0 19
Regional Total 329,811 32,000 64,000 16,000 24
See Appendix 5.4.2 for Footnotes
FSNAU Technical Series Report No. VI 48
Issued October 18, 2012
UNDP 2005
Rural/Urban
Population
Stressed Crisis Emergency
Hiran Livelihood
Systems
Map 17: Rural Food Security Phase Classification
Hiran, Aug-Dec 2012
Total in Crisis &
Emergency as % of
Rural population