Pictorial Shakespeare, 1880-1890 - eTheses Repository - University ...

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58 It has been suggest ed that one of the leading topics of art-criticism in the eight e en-eighties was the relationship between "literary" and more abstract values, and that a further problem, arising from the first, was that of "finish" - the importance and nature of detail in painting. In this chapter it is proposed to examine the similar debate in theatrical criticism of the period - a debate as to the relative importance of literary and pictorial values. in stage plays and their presentation. The prevailing mood amongst literary men was pessimistic - A.W.vvard's -article on Drama in the ninth edition of The Encyclopedia Britannic Q is representative: The history of the English stage in the present century has been one of gradual decline and decay, not (especially at the present day) without prospects of recovery, of which a praiseworthy hopefulness is ever willing to make the most.-, Agninct this must be set the "praiseworthy l:opefulnoss" of some individuals, notably Henry Irving, whoso public pronouncements represent the contempoary stago as an achievement of Victorian democracy: The genuine opreacl of education, the incrorced community of taste between classes, and the almost absolute divorce of the stage from mere wealth and aristocracy... It is now the property of educated 'eople. It has to satisfy them or pine in neglect. This is a manager's optimiom - indeed an actor'o or>timio.:i - and it was through such managers that Vac author had to roach his public. Various alternatives were eourjht to the conditiono of the fashionable, commercial theatre, but in the chapters that follow it is the .vork of the reformists i;hat is examined, rather than that of the revolutionists. i. Tiio author and the, theatre. In one reopect the ; ut:.or*G lot had improved since the i::i-Mle of the century: he v/as bettor paid. George Au ;-uctus Sala and hie brother Chcries, dissatisfied with their pocition under Charles .lean's raanacoênt of tlio Princecs's, toolc thoir service
59 - and their version of The Oorsican Brothers -to the Surrey Theatre, whore Creowick and Shepherd offered them twenty-five shillings a ni^ht in royalties: "a sum considered in those days to be prodigious for an author»G rights at a minor theatre". This was in tho eighteon-fifties. Boucicault, retained as author at the Princecs'e, was receiving in the early eightecn-fifties a calory not exceeding fifteen pounds a week an
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p o , PICTORIAL SHAKESPEARE, 1880-1
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SYNOPSIS This thesis ie in two volu
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VOLU.TE 0:iE Pace. Introduction i A
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11 of habits and jnnmivra, and ic h
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IV ACKHOWL.EnGEM PMT S I am gratefu
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vi 16 .^ccne from Daly's production
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In 1882 J.M.Stoddart, a Philadelphi
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artistic achievement is considerabl
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is of cource and obviously removed
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similar kind sought for the restora
Page 21 and 22: 11 in the earliest dawn of literatu
Page 23 and 24: 13 all conventional circles. It was
Page 25 and 26: and in Gothic times": In tho;:e tii
Page 27 and 28: Illustration 1 (b) Hughes, April Lo
Page 29 and 30: Illust ation 2 (b) Wate timiBe T Th
Page 31 and 32: 17 Moore's independence took him to
Page 33 and 34: 19 fetishism and the worship of lit
Page 35 and 36: 21 felt to be essential in evoking
Page 37 and 38: 23 the now movement was advocated a
Page 39 and 40: 25 the wrong effect in a room, wher
Page 41 and 42: 27 Chapter Two SHAKESPEARE CRITICIS
Page 43 and 44: 29 possesses - and Mr Swinburne, th
Page 45 and 46: 31 T '..e recognise the speech of t
Page 47 and 48: ihis tells us nv ch more about £>.
Page 49 and 50: 35 (XVII .LGO-Lll,) . The Irving re
Page 51 and 52: 37 This is a typical Wildean parado
Page 53 and 54: 39 autocrat "not merely should desi
Page 55 and 56: 41 series of "efforts to interpret
Page 57 and 58: 4 O J before you, , ith ell their j
Page 59 and 60: iv. waiter ?at,er«n Pater publishe
Page 61 and 62: 47 This view is re^-examined by the
Page 63: 49 This description might be of the
Page 66 and 67: 52 Henry V exhibits a contrast betw
Page 68 and 69: 54 an air of grave thought, of an i
Page 70 and 71: 56 Our firot question with regard t
Page 74 and 75: 60 would earn "not more than £1,50
Page 76 and 77: 62 hero* a faithful wife, and Geoff
Page 78 and 79: 64 two procoedures can bo observed:
Page 80 and 81: 66 speeches and tableaux. This was
Page 82 and 83: great a coincidence that Eva should
Page 84 and 85: 70 aa well r.a to the theatre", but
Page 86 and 87: 72 ing Ruth Holt and speaking with
Page 88 and 89: 74 I note, by the bye, that Sweet L
Page 90 and 91: 76 were produced, twelve of them re
Page 92 and 93: 78 These changes in the way in whic
Page 94 and 95: Clayton in hie speech on the closin
Page 96 and 97: 82 palled on many observers - the c
Page 98 and 99: 84 maintain itself on its intellect
Page 100 and 101: 66 were "becoming so nict and gente
Page 102 and 103: 88 in the course of the century the
Page 104 and 105: PART 2-.VO The Production of Shakes
Page 106 and 107: 9? On flarch -°4» 1874 reward Fit
Page 108 and 109: published a collection of Essays in
Page 110 and 111: 96 who did can hardly have been una
Page 112 and 113: Aquarium" (p»15). Against this may
Page 114 and 115: -00 pictures: but always \vithout a
Page 116 and 117: 102 of the three major "new" plays,
Page 118 and 119: Illustration 3 Following p.103 Elle
Page 120 and 121: 105 tiat selects one episode from a
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107 The virtues of Irving*s stagecr
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109 the picturesque grappling in a
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Illust ation Ellen Terry as Lady Ma
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Ill up to i'Tacbeth and his vdfc -
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113 the inadequacy of his voice. Ar
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115 to be calm" when the ncv/s of C
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117 here", and folding his arras at
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119 of events, by the urgency of th
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Illustration 6 Following p.120
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122 to the ba.ok a grcnd effect is
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124 by the Doctor and "ihc Gentlewo
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126 Macbeth woo in continuous perfo
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128 SCliilE PAi;,-,i;rt t DESI&ITER
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130 Between 18?4 and 1875 Godwin ha
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132 The solution of this unadifying
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1..4 Alhainbra Theatre in December
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136 but ac. an architect and interi
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138 in the flcah the customs of t:i
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140 each of the plays in the Shakes
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142 the beauty of proportion, and t
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144 The etc c-Li;'ru'êraent of the
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146 considerable diplomacy in ceali
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148 We hope we are doing Sir iûire
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150 Chapter Three GODWIN, ..ILuOIi
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152 approval of literote and intel
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haa never been genarous to the Bard
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155 adornments, bold embroideries,
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156 good nctor" in modern comedy, w
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en rt- SB rt- O VJ1 •O
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-U9 Sola i i his Illustrated London
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lol an unusual chill in the air, wh
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' Captious Critic found him incongr
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signals to each, other surropticiou
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167 and would appear, from the prom
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109 "paddock" (Theoualrl*s emendati
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I O 1 o 0 Q 3 f* ; n « o o » § 6
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173 After learning of Polonius's mu
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; cl:ed u vt.'co t •.v;r.rc1 c a
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177 spade and lade ?r, evidently fo
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179 was current in the years of the
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11 Laciec and C-c: blcmon, - I woul
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1-3 ions to all and sundry. The pla
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165 Chapter Four. k-JiibHi£LD Arii
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To iill the Vc cant position - assu
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169 oi the early 'eighties often sh
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evidence in Ingomar (a play he admi
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193 Lady of Lyons would be retained
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195 by ? roviv.' 1 oi ty^n; lion,,
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197 (according to the interview) on
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199 period at all" and th
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201 not been token into account in
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203 the fray. Enter three or four c
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. Illust ation 10 Following p. 20k
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206 The first misfortune of the eve
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208 the back a row of three rounded
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210 notes the t "there seens little
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absent in both. Fron the balcony uo
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214 good deal". The Illustrated s_p
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216 £i:c! DIVJ obse ver useci "arc
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... .'lien Ju'ici, ;".s picked u by
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ia t.-is scene. In c; be f L.n ac-r
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2; 2 "picture" i^ruc as to ; ct-c'r
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c cy oi Subr, s ion all the no re s
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26 . to• orô the spocc t:>r..:>
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Uiot belor-/". 'iho i.t i'iy ,.o _o
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230 oi lc%uo lor icorôo tnu the re
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232 arausea . The merry-anarew" - G
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234 comings, the new Romeo and Juli
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236 On January 4, 1884 The Times ha
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c-38 propoial to present Browning's
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240 for 1884" (5 January 1884): Ret
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242 It was A%% to be exoccted that
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None of this was of avail: reviewer
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246 few stage-directions, and some
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248 to "Mr David James's chick-a-le
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250 "Master, co on, and I will foll
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TI-, 4. 4.-«« n Following p.251 .
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253 not enthusiastic, is often kind
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Illustration 12 Mr and Mrs Kendal a
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256 she delivered "0 oninous.J He c
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258 It v/rxc p..T-b of a rtr-tcLy o
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260 ohakoapc.-re seemed to have bee
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262 -c.ky 'h t 2 June 1804). In 100
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264 wary Andersen's p.-oOuction of
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266 at home in her part. "\v. .A."
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268 at first. Peovlc must rrov; e.c
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P70 inforn- ti-»n ;v.-c rot ^r-.a^
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272 he mentioned those used in the
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274 of fifty-six minutes. The brief
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276 F.H. K c din, as Polixenes, \vr
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277 moved towards her. Tier next 1
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its early speeches the actress "see
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261 i-Ievs, he a scared "bright and
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282 laughter and nur.ic v/eie heard
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Ha, ha, what a fool honesty is} I p
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-Illustration 15 — Mary Anderson
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287 at 103 - "You perceive she stir
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artistic predilection* to the theat
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291 Chaoto Seven : Th£ 1888-9 Sti
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293 magnificent thon sensitive; but
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295 written by Shakespeare wrs appr
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297 in a supposedly riliz&bethan ma
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Illust ation 16 Following p.298 Sce
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300 degree of refinement and intell
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302 iii. Beerbohm Tree and The Merr
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304 actor; never yet that Nature ha
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306 rushing water" in the forest wh
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308 ibleS. Lady Tree wrote th,-1 he
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310 original. Daniel BancJmai.n had
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312 i ct Two 1 ay 1471 l.The Roaci
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ecorded Mansfield f L, business in
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316 any specific ccscrijtion oi the
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318 Hichara "r. t er hysteric*. 1",
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320 his ctrêr, and his rationalisa
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322 hen he conies we h pj he ,111 h
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324 in the use of unit sets, styliz
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are vlthin reach of ell, the old sy
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328 to the new stagecraft. Archer a
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330 and the fairies performed an el
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to provide a repertory theatre in L
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334 To a society which had made a c
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Her public readings, and the reviva
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338 aioting of two short scenes in
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340 greeted with a chorus of catcal
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34; Mrs Langtry again engaged Wingf
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344 virtue of his voice more than b
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proper person - one almost expected
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Illust:ation 18 Mrs Langtry as Cleo
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343 of the preparations for the bat
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35 J was left to the audience's pow
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352 unable to deny some power in Mr
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oversight of \vin,cfield's, or did
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356 The actress should take for gra
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"Isn't she Itoyall" "Isn't she " sn
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360 'illir.i Poel's collection of e
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362 lost in retrospect by contrast
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364 Artist (1087), but the emotiona
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SONDERDRUCK DEUTSCHE SHAKESPEARE-GE
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Designer and Director: E. W. Godwin
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Page 410 and 411:
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