BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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4.1.1.4 SUBSURFACE INFILTRATION SYSTEMAlternative Names: Sump, Drywell, Infiltration Trench, Infiltration Galleries,Leach FieldsBMP DESIGN APPROACHPollutant Source ControlHydrologic SourceControlStormwater TreatmentSCALE OF APPLICATIONAll SFR and MFR < 1acreMFR 1-5 Acre andCICU < 5 acresMFR and CICU > 5acres and all WQIPsTYPE OF APPLICATIONTemporaryPermanentInstallation of a proprietary prefabricated infiltration system, Rainstore®.DESCRIPTIONSubsurface infiltration systems are underground holding areas that receive andstore stormwater from impervious areas such as roofs, driveways, and parkinglots. Detained stormwater slowly infiltrates through the bottom and sides ofthe system into the surrounding sub-soil. These systems are typically filledwith clean, angular gravel that is ¾ to 1½ inches in diameter, a prefabricatedproduct, or corrugated pipe. Prefabricated systems are rigid structures that arewrapped with geotextile fabric, placed into the trench, and then backfilled withgravel. Cleanouts and observation wells are typically designed into thesesystems to facilitate inspection and maintenance.Subsurface infiltration systems promote stormwater infiltration, reducedischarge of stormwater to receiving waters and drainage systems, providepollutant removal, and help recharge groundwater.TRPA BMP HandbookCHAPTER 4: BMP Toolkit2012 4.1.1.4-SubSurface Infiltration SystemPage 1
APPLICABILITY• Widely applicable for storage of runoff from roof tops, driveways, andparking areas.• Typically used on sites where there are space constraints or a very highpercent of impervious surface.• Not appropriate for areas with seasonally high groundwater (e.g., SEZ)where groundwater contamination and low infiltration rates are concerns.• Site on relatively flat terrain (less than a 5 percent slope). Subsurfaceinfiltration systems may be sited on steeper terrain by designing flatterstorage cells that step down the steeper slope.• Avoid placing within 600 feet of a drinking water source.• Avoid placing infiltration trenches in locations sloping towards foundations.Advantages• If properly installed and maintained, subsurface infiltration systems cansignificantly reduce or eliminate the discharge of runoff from impervioussurfaces to receiving waters or drainage systems.• Reduces the peak loading of receiving waters and storm drain systems.• Can be designed to be located below parking and landscaping.• Allows for the use of entire site.Disadvantages• May be expensive to install.• Unless adequate pretreatment is provided, applicability is limited to siteswith low pollutant loads.• If inflowing pollutant loads are high, frequent maintenance will benecessary to maintain effectiveness.• If subsurface infiltration systems are not designed with accessiblemaintenance ports they are nearly impossible to maintain withoutrebuilding the system.• Incorrectly designed or poorly installed systems may be structurallyunsound.• Subsurface systems may be “out of sight, out of mind” and not receiveregular maintenance. New property owners may be unaware of theexistence of these systems.DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS• Size subsurface infiltration systems to retain at least the 20-yr/1-hr stormvolume generated from the tributary impervious area.• Where space is limited, consider use of prefabricated subsurface storagechambers instead of gravel-filled infiltration trenches to increase stormwaterstorage capacity. Prefabricated systems typically have between 80 and 90CHAPTER 4: BMP ToolkitTRPA BMP Handbook4.1.1.4-SubSurface Infiltration System 2012Page 2
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PREFACEThe Tahoe Regional Planning
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE...........
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3.5.5 Stormwater Treatment ........
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6.3 Projects 1 to 5 Acres and all C
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8.10.5 Maintenance ................
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Table 8-4: Federal, State and Regio
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Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated Swale .....
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INTRODUCTIONPURPOSE AND USERS OF TH
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Lake Tahoe’s world renowned blue
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Urbanization in the Lake Tahoe wate
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50 percent of the light scattering
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Figure I-c: Impervious Cover versus
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Disconnected impervious areasdrain
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POLLUTANT EFFECT URBAN SOURCES ASSO
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BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICESHistorical
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Table I-2: Differences in BMP Retro
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CHAPTER 1: URBAN HYDROLOGY1.1 PURPO
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Figure 1-a: Runoff ProcessesTRPA BM
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Although many urbanized areas face
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watersheds to make the necessary es
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Pollutant load estimates are typica
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differ from the following recommend
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Figure 1-b: Hydrologic Processes an
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1.3.3.2 NRCS BMP CALCULATION SPREAD
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1.3.3.3 RATIONAL METHODMODEL SUMMAR
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1.3.3.4 LOAD REDUCTION PLANNING TOO
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in HMS may be event-based or contin
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1.3.3.6 POLLUTANT LOAD REDUCTION MO
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AVAILABILITY AND SUPPORTING DOCUMEN
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TYPICAL LEVEL OF EFFORTHSPF and LSP
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few days to a week of time to revie
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USACE studies recommended use of th
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during the initial site visit, or c
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Figure 2-a: Soil Horizons• Depth
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Evidence of compacted and disturbed
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UNMAPPED ROCK OUTCROPS, STEEP SLOPE
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The primary pollutants of concern o
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On the map use an arrow to delineat
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2.2.3 ADDITIONAL DATA GATHERINGAfte
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and allowable uses. Baseline Land C
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topographic survey will be required
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Table 2-3: Basis of Capability Clas
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Keep your property lean, clean,and
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treatment. This will reduce the mai
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ponds, wetlands, lakes, manmade cha
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2.3.3.2 SOILS HYDROLOGIC REPORTThe
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CHAPTER 3: PERMANENT BMP PLANNINGAN
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STORMWATER TREATMENTRepresents BMPs
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Table 3-1: Waste Management and Mat
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D. STABILIZE STEEP DISTURBED SLOPES
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This infiltration trench collects s
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3.5 PROJECTS 1 TO 5 ACRES AND ALL C
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This Page Blank.TRPA BMP HandbookCH
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unnecessary turf areas and replace
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Page 118 and 119: 3.5.2.3 SOIL STABILIZATIONA. RESTOR
Page 120 and 121: Left: Dripline erosion below a deck
Page 122 and 123: Pervious concrete parking pad locat
Page 124 and 125: 3.5.5 STORMWATER TREATMENT3.5.5.1 M
Page 126 and 127: 3.6.1.1 JURISDICTIONThese projects
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Page 130 and 131: 3.8.2.4 SHARED ACCESS AND EASEMENTS
Page 132 and 133: 3.8.2.8 STREAM ENVIRONMENT ZONES (S
Page 134 and 135: Sediment versus erosion:Suspended s
Page 136 and 137: CONTENTSCHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT ....
Page 138 and 139: CHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT4.1 HYDROLOGI
Page 140 and 141: 4.1.1.1 PERVIOUS PAVEMENTAlternativ
Page 142 and 143: • Tree canopy overhead can decrea
Page 144 and 145: ate determined at the time of insta
Page 146 and 147: Figure 4.1-a: Pervious ConcreteTRPA
Page 148 and 149: 4.1.1.2 INFILTRATION BASINAlternati
Page 150 and 151: groundwater, depths to restrictive
Page 152 and 153: Very few performance monitoring stu
Page 154 and 155: INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
Page 156 and 157: 4.1.1.3 INFILTRATION TRENCHAlternat
Page 158 and 159: • Consult the NRCS Tahoe Basin So
Page 160 and 161: • Alternative Method: Excavate th
Page 162 and 163: Figure 4.1-c: Infiltration TrenchTR
Page 164 and 165: Figure 4.1-e: Roof Dripline Planter
Page 168: percent void space compared to 40 p
Page 171 and 172: • Ensure the surrounding surface
Page 174 and 175: 4.1.1.5 RAIN BARREL AND CISTERNAlte
Page 176 and 177: • Position the rain barrel or cis
Page 178 and 179: 4.1.1.6 RAIN GARDENAlternative Name
Page 180 and 181: • To manage high flows, design a
Page 182 and 183: 4.1.1.7 FILTER STRIPAlternative Nam
Page 184 and 185: • The top of the vegetated filter
Page 186 and 187: INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
Page 188 and 189: Figure 4.1-i: Vegetated Filter Stri
Page 190 and 191: LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.2-a: Slope
Page 192 and 193: Chapter 4: BMP ToolkitTRPA BMP Hand
Page 194 and 195: • Obtain and use a road abrasive
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Page 204 and 205: • For unpaved snow storage areas
Page 206 and 207: Figure 4.2-a: Slope Stabilization A
Page 208 and 209: Disadvantages• Not always success
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Page 212 and 213: Brush Layering and MattingBrush lay
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Advantages• Reduces the erosion p
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Table 4.2-1: Terracing Inspection a
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Chapter 4: BMP ToolkitTRPA BMP Hand
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Disadvantages• Can be complicated
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• Revegetate the backfilled bench
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Figure 4.2-d: Timber Retaining Wall
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Advantages• Versatile and applica
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Table 4.2-3: Riprap Inspection and
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educe the concentration of runoff,
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Figure 4.2-g: Slope Bottom BenchFig
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• Contour Furrows - relatively de
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APPLICABILITYAll roads, driveways,
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Stormwater runoff from a paved park
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Figure 4.2-k: Grading for Sheet Flo
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INORGANIC MULCH:• Areas where org
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• Stockpile and use existing orga
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The surface under the raised decksh
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Figure 4.2-l: Rock Armor - Elevated
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Clustered boulders used for parking
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• Helps to protect wildlife.• H
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA prope
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Improper storage of hazardous mater
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• Try to use the entire product b
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facilities must be equipped with ap
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• Dispose of it properly• Be a
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Disadvantages• Additional resourc
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• All hay, cubed hay, straw, mulc
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• Sanitary sewer regulations gene
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APPLICABILITYAll vehicles, includin
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• Do not perform other vehicle or
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.3-a: Curb B
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APPLICABILITY• Culverts are appli
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deterioration. The inspection crew
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APPLICABILITY• Curb and gutters a
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Inst
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Figure 4.3-b: Rolled CurbChapter 4:
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Advantages• Prevents the discharg
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Table 4.3-2: Storm Drain Inspection
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Advantages• Prevents scour that m
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Figure 4.3-c: Outlet ProtectionChap
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• The structure can be designed t
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Disc
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Advantages• Assists in the contro
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Figure 4.3-e: Slotted Channel Drain
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Advantages• May be less expensive
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Table 4.3-5: A/C Swale Inspection a
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• Prevents property damage, slope
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Figure 4.3-g: Subsurface DrainChapt
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abrasives applied during the winter
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Table 4.3-7: Rock Lined and Vegetat
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Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated SwaleChapte
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Check dams installed in water sprea
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• Design check dams perpendicular
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CONTENTS4.4 Stormwater Treatment ..
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4.4 STORMWATER TREATMENTThe primary
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4.4.1.1 WET BASINAlternative Names:
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• Surcharge storage above the wet
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Table 4.4-1: Wet Basin Inspection a
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Figure 4.4-a: Wet Basin (Concept Dr
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4.4.1.2 BIOSWALEAlternative Names:
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• Consider incorporating trees or
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Figure 4.4-b: Bioswale (Linear Basi
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4.4.1.3 DRY BASINAlternative Names:
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• Drainage design standards for t
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
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Figure 4.4-c: Detention BasinTRPA B
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4.4.2 FLOW THROUGH TREATMENTFlow-th
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4.4.2.1 DROP INLET INSERTAlternativ
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Refe
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4.4.2.2 TRASH RACKAlternate Names:
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4.4.2.3 BAFFLED VAULTAlternative Na
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• Ensure that site conditions all
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4.4.2.4 HYDRODYNAMIC SEPARATORAlter
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• Most units are designed to be c
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4.4.2.5 MEDIA FILTERAlternate Names
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Cartridge Filter• Cartridge filte
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• Vent the system as for undergro
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4.4.2.6 SEDIMENT TRAPAlternative Na
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Regul
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Figure 4.4-e: Sediment TrapTRPA BMP
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CONTENTS4.5 Temporary BMPs for Cons
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4.5 TEMPORARY BMPS FOR CONSTRUCTION
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concrete washouts and stockpiles sh
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4.5.1.1 CONSTRUCTION PLANNING AND S
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• Measures to minimize the potent
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4.5.1.2 CONSTRUCTION BOUNDARY FENCI
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Figure 4.5-a: Construction Boundary
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4.5.1.3 DEWATERINGDESCRIPTIONDewate
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Figure 4.5-b: DewateringTRPA BMP Ha
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• Use this settled water to fill
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4.5.1.4 CLEAN WATER DIVERSIONAltern
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• Avoid disturbing aquatic specie
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• Pipe slope drain: A rigid pipe,
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Stream Isolation Techniques:• Tur
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Figure 4.5-f: Water DiversionTRPA B
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4.5.1.5 VEGETATION PROTECTIONAltern
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• Growing Space: Provide spacing
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Figure 4.5-g: Vegetation Protection
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4.5.1.6 TEMPORARY SANITATION FACILI
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4.5.1.7 DUST CONTROLAlternate Names
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• Blanket with geotextiles or veg
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4.5.1.8 VEHICLE INGRESS EGRESS MANA
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• If possible, re-use swept or va
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4.5.1.9 WINTERIZATIONDESCRIPTIONBet
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCEEnsure th
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4.5.1.10 CONSTRUCTION STAGINGAltern
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4.5.1.11 MATERIAL HANDLING STORAGE
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• Ensure that current Material Sa
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4.5.1.12 TOPSOIL SALVAGEAlternative
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• If topsoil will not be used for
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4.5.1.13 CONCRETE/BENTONITE MANAGEM
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Figure 4.5-i: Concrete Washout Stat
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4.5.1.14 STOCKPILE MANAGEMENTAltern
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Figure 4.5-j: Stockpile ManagementT
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4.5.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROLR
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4.5.2.1 SWEEPINGDESCRIPTIONDuring c
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4.5.2.2 DRAIN INLET PROTECTIONAlter
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inches. Take care to ensure that no
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Figure 4.5-k: Drain Inlet Protectio
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4.5.2.3 FIBER ROLLAlternative Names
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• Adjust spacing of fiber rolls a
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Figure 4.5-l: Fiber RollsTRPA BMP H
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4.5.2.4 SILT FENCEAlternative Names
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• Turn the fabric uphill at the e
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Figure 4.5-m: Silt FenceTRPA BMP Ha
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4.5.2.5 EROSION CONTROL BLANKET SYS
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structures mark the boundaries of t
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Figure 4.5-p: Anchoring Geotextiles
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4.5.2.6 HYDROMULCH, TACKIFIER, AND
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Hydro
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5.2 SOILSoil is a complex living sy
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Tilling green wood chips intothe so
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areas such as SEZs and in shorezone
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Large boulders provide permanent ve
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To address this TRPA’s Regional P
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to apply ½ inch of water. Water yo
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Pesticides can be degraded by sunli
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5.3.2.5 FIRE DEFENSIBLE SPACEFire d
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etween them. For example, shrubs wi
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5.4 PROJECT SCALE REQUIREMENTSSoil
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5.4.1.5 PROJECT INSTALLATIONA. CONT
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percent vegetative cover, soil surf
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TRPA Revegetation Plan TemplateSoil
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(c) GRADING AND SLOPE SHAPINGDescri
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TRPA Revegetation Plan ExampleSoil
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• All machinery must be clean bef
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Common NameScientific NameScotchbro
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during dry weather. All debris, roo
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substantially different that the pe
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TRPA BMP HandbookCHAPTER 5: Soil an
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Fertilizer Management PlanProject N
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IV. MONITORINGSurface and groundwat
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I. PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTIONGold
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Table 5-1: Description of Revegetat
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SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTS
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SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTW
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CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
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TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
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TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
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CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
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• Section 6.2 describes methods f
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equirements. At a minimum, training
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Vactor equipment removes sediment a
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Industrial Properties, Marinas, and
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• Rinse the rock with hose water
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EXAMPLE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
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MONITORING PLAN TEMPLATE1. TITLE PA
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MONITORING, INSPECTION, ANDMAINTENA
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Sample Site123 Main StreetSouth Lak
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3. MONITORINGIn 2011, South Lake Ta
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ATTACHMENT BWATER QUALITY DATA
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ATTACHMENT DINSPECTION AND MAINTENC
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• Discharge of stormwater from in
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PAVING SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL PR
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TRPA Shorezone permit (www.trpa.org
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CHAPTER 8: SHOREZONE PROTECTIVESTRU
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technical guidance on structural an
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Pope has developed a shorezone miti
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ADVANTAGES• Protect parcel develo
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Table 8-3: Categorical Classificati
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generate observable changes in the
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Table 8-5: The General Geomorphic C
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8.1.8.2 TOLERANCE DISTRICT AND BACK
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Figure 8-e: Option 2—Backshore De
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Scenic Resources and project compli
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8.2 BULKHEADS AND LAKE WALLS8.2.1 O
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oth the beach immediately fronting
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Like all BMPs, bulkheads and lake w
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For a bulkhead located such that th
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Figure 8-i: Typical Lake Wall (Grav
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Table 8-9: Advantages and Disadvant
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maintains its position under wave s
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8.3.4 INSTALLATIONAs with bulkheads
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Table 8-11: Advantages and Disadvan
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V t ≥ 5R c2(Equation 4.1)Where:Vt
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8.5 BEACH NOURISHMENT AND REPLENISH
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of not being able to protect the ba
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• The material must be washed to
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nourishment will be determined by m
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8.7 BREAKWATERS8.7.1 OVERVIEWBreakw
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The procedure for determining armor
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8.8 SHOREZONE VEGETATION8.8.1 OVERV
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vegetation. Protecting a tree from
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Overall, dredging can be either a p
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The Pneuma pump is a piece of dredg
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nature of the project and the poten
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8.10 TURBIDITY CURTAINS8.10.1 OVERV
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weights or connected firmly to sand
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Figure 8-o: Turbidity Curtain Desig
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Aquatic invasive species (AIS) also
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tanks into a sewage retention and/o
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• A common problem with recreatio
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8.12 BOAT RAMP CONSTRUCTION AND VEH
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amp at the change of grade. A V-gro
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Figure 8-p: Boat Ramp DesignTRPA BM
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Table 8-22: Overview of Geotechnica
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8.14 SHOREZONE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE
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8.14.2 ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FO
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some designated boundary or sphere
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spawning grounds and juvenile nurse
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Marine Science, School of Geoscienc
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Osborne, R.H., et. Al. (1985). Sedi
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8.16 APPENDICES8.16.1 DESIGN CALCUL
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Figure 8-r defines the primary wave
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8.16.1.2 WAVE RUN-UP FORMULA FOR BA
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• Use Equation 16.10 to calculate
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Figure 8-u: Design Wave CasesTRPA B
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Figure 8-v: Wave Setup and Run-Up f
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Alternative methods of wave calcula
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GLOSSARYAccretionMay be either a na
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eaches have no berm, others have se
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DensityMass (in kg) per unit of vol
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Fire Defensible SpaceRefers to the
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Common terms related to land covera
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PermeabilityThe property of a bulk
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ScourRemoval of underwater material
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SlopeThe degree of inclination to t
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Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)C
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ACRONYMSACES - Automated Coastal En
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NPS - Nonpoint SourceNRCS - Natural
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BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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