BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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to apply ½ inch of water. Water your lawn for that amount of time 2 or 3times a week during the growing season. Note that constraints on water usemay exist from water providers. In addition, the use of smart irrigation systemsthat sense rainfall, measure soil water content, and detect freezing conditionscan be used to adjust flows to conserve water and reduce cost.Local public utilities havewater conservation ordinancesthat may restrict lawnwatering to certain times ofday and/or certain days of theweek. Watering may also beprohibited when it is raining orsnowing, or when airtemperature is below 40degrees F.Directed irrigation systems such as the stream bubbler (pictured above) or micro-irrigationsystems such as drip irrigation that operate at low pressure is a more efficient means ofwatering and may be exempt from day and time watering restrictions imposed by localjurisdictions - check with your local water provider.5.3.2.3 PESTICIDESA pesticide is any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing,destroying, or repelling any pest, typically an animal, plant, or fungi. Types ofpesticides include herbicides, insecticides, rodenticides, antifouling agents, andothers. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), pesticidesby their very nature are designed to kill or harm living organisms. This meansthat most pesticides create some risk of harm. On the other hand, pesticide usemay be appropriate in certain circumstances to minimize ecological threatfrom pests when other control methods have proven unsuccessful andanticipated benefits outweigh risks.Pesticides are regulated by the EPA and the states to minimize potentialimpacts to people, other non-target organisms, and the environment. Toprotect human health and water quality in the Lake Tahoe Basin, the waterquality objectives in Lahontan Regional Water Quality Board’s Basin Plan hasbeen amended to set a region-wide waste discharge prohibition on pesticideswith exemption criteria. Chapter 60.1 of TRPA’s Code of Ordinance statesCHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation ManagementTRPA BMP HandbookPage 5-12 2012
that no detectable concentration of any pesticide shall be allowed to enter anystream environment zone unless the agency finds that application of thepesticide is necessary to attain or maintain the environmental thresholdstandards.Pesticide use in the Basin has been discouraged by TRPA since the 1987Regional Plan, which states that alternatives to chemical application should beemployed where practical. The policy aims to prevent potential harm from theoutset rather than manage it after the fact.Before any pest control methods are employed, a basic tenet of integrated pestmanagement (IPM) is to ascertain that there is actually a pest, and it has beencorrectly identified, before using any management tool. Factors that createdthe pest problem should be assessed to develop solutions. Otherwise, pests arelikely to recur.IPM practices include physical/mechanical, cultural, biological, and chemicalmethods. The different methods are often used in conjunction. Methods aretailored to the specific pest and its biology. Environmentally sound pestmanagement tactics, including prevention – the most important - are preferredto a reliance on chemical applications alone.Physical/mechanical methods (i.e. manual weeding, chainsaws, etc.) are oftenused for smaller scale infestations or in combination with other methods.Cultural methods include changing human behavior (e.g. plant pest-resistantspecies) or management to create healthy systems that are resistant to pests andresilient after disturbance. For instance, forests should be managed for healthystands that are not overcrowded and susceptible to pests and diseases. Thisincludes promoting vegetation diversity by planting different species, ages, andspatial arrangements to minimize pest problems.Biological methods such as releasing natural predators to attack their hosts (i.e.the pest plant) have been successfully used for large-scale infestations incombination with other IPM methods. An emerging method is biopesticides,which are certain types of pesticides derived from natural materials such asanimals, plants, bacteria, and minerals that control pests by low- or non-toxicmechanisms (e.g. pheromones).Conventional chemical pesticides are generally synthetic materials that aredirectly applied to the pest. You must read and understand the pesticide labelbefore you use a pesticide. The label is a legal document and is enforceable bylaw. It describes steps that must be taken to minimize chemical movement andcontamination of surface and groundwater resources. Property owners shouldnot use pesticides in or near water, while some pesticides are specificallydesigned for aquatic use; many pesticides are toxic to fish and aquaticinvertebrates.TRPA BMP HandbookCHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Management2012 Page 5-13
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PREFACEThe Tahoe Regional Planning
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE...........
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3.5.5 Stormwater Treatment ........
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6.3 Projects 1 to 5 Acres and all C
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8.10.5 Maintenance ................
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Table 8-4: Federal, State and Regio
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Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated Swale .....
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INTRODUCTIONPURPOSE AND USERS OF TH
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Lake Tahoe’s world renowned blue
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Urbanization in the Lake Tahoe wate
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50 percent of the light scattering
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Figure I-c: Impervious Cover versus
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Disconnected impervious areasdrain
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POLLUTANT EFFECT URBAN SOURCES ASSO
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BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICESHistorical
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Table I-2: Differences in BMP Retro
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CHAPTER 1: URBAN HYDROLOGY1.1 PURPO
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Figure 1-a: Runoff ProcessesTRPA BM
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Although many urbanized areas face
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watersheds to make the necessary es
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Pollutant load estimates are typica
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differ from the following recommend
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Figure 1-b: Hydrologic Processes an
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1.3.3.2 NRCS BMP CALCULATION SPREAD
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1.3.3.3 RATIONAL METHODMODEL SUMMAR
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1.3.3.4 LOAD REDUCTION PLANNING TOO
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in HMS may be event-based or contin
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1.3.3.6 POLLUTANT LOAD REDUCTION MO
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AVAILABILITY AND SUPPORTING DOCUMEN
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TYPICAL LEVEL OF EFFORTHSPF and LSP
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few days to a week of time to revie
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USACE studies recommended use of th
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during the initial site visit, or c
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Figure 2-a: Soil Horizons• Depth
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Evidence of compacted and disturbed
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UNMAPPED ROCK OUTCROPS, STEEP SLOPE
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The primary pollutants of concern o
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On the map use an arrow to delineat
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2.2.3 ADDITIONAL DATA GATHERINGAfte
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and allowable uses. Baseline Land C
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topographic survey will be required
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Table 2-3: Basis of Capability Clas
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Keep your property lean, clean,and
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treatment. This will reduce the mai
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ponds, wetlands, lakes, manmade cha
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2.3.3.2 SOILS HYDROLOGIC REPORTThe
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CHAPTER 3: PERMANENT BMP PLANNINGAN
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STORMWATER TREATMENTRepresents BMPs
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Table 3-1: Waste Management and Mat
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D. STABILIZE STEEP DISTURBED SLOPES
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This infiltration trench collects s
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3.5 PROJECTS 1 TO 5 ACRES AND ALL C
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This Page Blank.TRPA BMP HandbookCH
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unnecessary turf areas and replace
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Table 3-5: Waste Management and Mat
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3.5.2.3 SOIL STABILIZATIONA. RESTOR
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Left: Dripline erosion below a deck
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Pervious concrete parking pad locat
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3.5.5 STORMWATER TREATMENT3.5.5.1 M
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3.6.1.1 JURISDICTIONThese projects
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to perform required inspection and
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3.8.2.4 SHARED ACCESS AND EASEMENTS
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3.8.2.8 STREAM ENVIRONMENT ZONES (S
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Sediment versus erosion:Suspended s
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CONTENTSCHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT ....
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CHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT4.1 HYDROLOGI
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4.1.1.1 PERVIOUS PAVEMENTAlternativ
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• Tree canopy overhead can decrea
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ate determined at the time of insta
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Figure 4.1-a: Pervious ConcreteTRPA
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4.1.1.2 INFILTRATION BASINAlternati
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groundwater, depths to restrictive
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Very few performance monitoring stu
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
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4.1.1.3 INFILTRATION TRENCHAlternat
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• Consult the NRCS Tahoe Basin So
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• Alternative Method: Excavate th
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Figure 4.1-c: Infiltration TrenchTR
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Figure 4.1-e: Roof Dripline Planter
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4.1.1.4 SUBSURFACE INFILTRATION SYS
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percent void space compared to 40 p
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• Ensure the surrounding surface
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4.1.1.5 RAIN BARREL AND CISTERNAlte
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• Position the rain barrel or cis
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4.1.1.6 RAIN GARDENAlternative Name
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• To manage high flows, design a
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4.1.1.7 FILTER STRIPAlternative Nam
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• The top of the vegetated filter
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Figure 4.1-i: Vegetated Filter Stri
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.2-a: Slope
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Chapter 4: BMP ToolkitTRPA BMP Hand
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• Obtain and use a road abrasive
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• Mechanical broom sweepers may a
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA signi
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for dry basins or infiltration basi
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• For unpaved snow storage areas
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Figure 4.2-a: Slope Stabilization A
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Disadvantages• Not always success
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• Bind together long live branch
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Brush Layering and MattingBrush lay
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Advantages• Reduces the erosion p
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Table 4.2-1: Terracing Inspection a
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Disadvantages• Can be complicated
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• Revegetate the backfilled bench
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Figure 4.2-d: Timber Retaining Wall
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Advantages• Versatile and applica
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Table 4.2-3: Riprap Inspection and
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educe the concentration of runoff,
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Figure 4.2-g: Slope Bottom BenchFig
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• Contour Furrows - relatively de
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APPLICABILITYAll roads, driveways,
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Stormwater runoff from a paved park
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Figure 4.2-k: Grading for Sheet Flo
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INORGANIC MULCH:• Areas where org
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• Stockpile and use existing orga
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The surface under the raised decksh
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Figure 4.2-l: Rock Armor - Elevated
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Clustered boulders used for parking
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• Helps to protect wildlife.• H
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA prope
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Improper storage of hazardous mater
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• Try to use the entire product b
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facilities must be equipped with ap
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• Dispose of it properly• Be a
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Disadvantages• Additional resourc
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• All hay, cubed hay, straw, mulc
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• Sanitary sewer regulations gene
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APPLICABILITYAll vehicles, includin
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• Do not perform other vehicle or
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.3-a: Curb B
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APPLICABILITY• Culverts are appli
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deterioration. The inspection crew
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APPLICABILITY• Curb and gutters a
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Inst
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Figure 4.3-b: Rolled CurbChapter 4:
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Advantages• Prevents the discharg
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Table 4.3-2: Storm Drain Inspection
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Advantages• Prevents scour that m
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Figure 4.3-c: Outlet ProtectionChap
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• The structure can be designed t
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Disc
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Advantages• Assists in the contro
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Figure 4.3-e: Slotted Channel Drain
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Advantages• May be less expensive
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Table 4.3-5: A/C Swale Inspection a
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• Prevents property damage, slope
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Figure 4.3-g: Subsurface DrainChapt
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abrasives applied during the winter
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Table 4.3-7: Rock Lined and Vegetat
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Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated SwaleChapte
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Check dams installed in water sprea
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• Design check dams perpendicular
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CONTENTS4.4 Stormwater Treatment ..
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4.4 STORMWATER TREATMENTThe primary
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4.4.1.1 WET BASINAlternative Names:
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• Surcharge storage above the wet
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Table 4.4-1: Wet Basin Inspection a
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Figure 4.4-a: Wet Basin (Concept Dr
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4.4.1.2 BIOSWALEAlternative Names:
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• Consider incorporating trees or
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Figure 4.4-b: Bioswale (Linear Basi
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4.4.1.3 DRY BASINAlternative Names:
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• Drainage design standards for t
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Figure 4.4-c: Detention BasinTRPA B
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4.4.2 FLOW THROUGH TREATMENTFlow-th
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4.4.2.1 DROP INLET INSERTAlternativ
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Refe
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4.4.2.2 TRASH RACKAlternate Names:
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4.4.2.3 BAFFLED VAULTAlternative Na
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• Ensure that site conditions all
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4.4.2.4 HYDRODYNAMIC SEPARATORAlter
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• Most units are designed to be c
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4.4.2.5 MEDIA FILTERAlternate Names
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Cartridge Filter• Cartridge filte
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• Vent the system as for undergro
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4.4.2.6 SEDIMENT TRAPAlternative Na
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Regul
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Figure 4.4-e: Sediment TrapTRPA BMP
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CONTENTS4.5 Temporary BMPs for Cons
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4.5 TEMPORARY BMPS FOR CONSTRUCTION
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concrete washouts and stockpiles sh
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4.5.1.1 CONSTRUCTION PLANNING AND S
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• Measures to minimize the potent
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4.5.1.2 CONSTRUCTION BOUNDARY FENCI
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Figure 4.5-a: Construction Boundary
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4.5.1.3 DEWATERINGDESCRIPTIONDewate
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Figure 4.5-b: DewateringTRPA BMP Ha
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• Use this settled water to fill
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4.5.1.4 CLEAN WATER DIVERSIONAltern
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• Avoid disturbing aquatic specie
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• Pipe slope drain: A rigid pipe,
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Stream Isolation Techniques:• Tur
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Figure 4.5-f: Water DiversionTRPA B
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4.5.1.5 VEGETATION PROTECTIONAltern
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• Growing Space: Provide spacing
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Figure 4.5-g: Vegetation Protection
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4.5.1.6 TEMPORARY SANITATION FACILI
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4.5.1.7 DUST CONTROLAlternate Names
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• Blanket with geotextiles or veg
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4.5.1.8 VEHICLE INGRESS EGRESS MANA
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• If possible, re-use swept or va
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4.5.1.9 WINTERIZATIONDESCRIPTIONBet
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCEEnsure th
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4.5.1.10 CONSTRUCTION STAGINGAltern
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4.5.1.11 MATERIAL HANDLING STORAGE
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• Ensure that current Material Sa
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4.5.1.12 TOPSOIL SALVAGEAlternative
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• If topsoil will not be used for
Page 466 and 467: 4.5.1.13 CONCRETE/BENTONITE MANAGEM
Page 468 and 469: Figure 4.5-i: Concrete Washout Stat
Page 470 and 471: 4.5.1.14 STOCKPILE MANAGEMENTAltern
Page 472 and 473: Figure 4.5-j: Stockpile ManagementT
Page 474 and 475: 4.5.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROLR
Page 476 and 477: 4.5.2.1 SWEEPINGDESCRIPTIONDuring c
Page 478 and 479: 4.5.2.2 DRAIN INLET PROTECTIONAlter
Page 480 and 481: inches. Take care to ensure that no
Page 482 and 483: Figure 4.5-k: Drain Inlet Protectio
Page 484 and 485: 4.5.2.3 FIBER ROLLAlternative Names
Page 486 and 487: • Adjust spacing of fiber rolls a
Page 488 and 489: Figure 4.5-l: Fiber RollsTRPA BMP H
Page 490 and 491: 4.5.2.4 SILT FENCEAlternative Names
Page 492 and 493: • Turn the fabric uphill at the e
Page 494 and 495: Figure 4.5-m: Silt FenceTRPA BMP Ha
Page 496 and 497: 4.5.2.5 EROSION CONTROL BLANKET SYS
Page 498 and 499: structures mark the boundaries of t
Page 500 and 501: Figure 4.5-p: Anchoring Geotextiles
Page 502 and 503: 4.5.2.6 HYDROMULCH, TACKIFIER, AND
Page 504 and 505: INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Hydro
Page 506 and 507: 5.2 SOILSoil is a complex living sy
Page 508 and 509: Tilling green wood chips intothe so
Page 510 and 511: areas such as SEZs and in shorezone
Page 512 and 513: Large boulders provide permanent ve
Page 514 and 515: To address this TRPA’s Regional P
Page 518 and 519: Pesticides can be degraded by sunli
Page 520 and 521: 5.3.2.5 FIRE DEFENSIBLE SPACEFire d
Page 522 and 523: etween them. For example, shrubs wi
Page 524 and 525: 5.4 PROJECT SCALE REQUIREMENTSSoil
Page 526 and 527: 5.4.1.5 PROJECT INSTALLATIONA. CONT
Page 528 and 529: percent vegetative cover, soil surf
Page 531 and 532: TRPA Revegetation Plan TemplateSoil
Page 533 and 534: (c) GRADING AND SLOPE SHAPINGDescri
Page 535 and 536: TRPA Revegetation Plan ExampleSoil
Page 537 and 538: • All machinery must be clean bef
Page 539 and 540: Common NameScientific NameScotchbro
Page 541 and 542: during dry weather. All debris, roo
Page 543 and 544: substantially different that the pe
Page 545: TRPA BMP HandbookCHAPTER 5: Soil an
Page 548 and 549: Fertilizer Management PlanProject N
Page 550 and 551: IV. MONITORINGSurface and groundwat
Page 552 and 553: I. PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTIONGold
Page 555: Table 5-1: Description of Revegetat
Page 558 and 559: SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTS
Page 560 and 561: SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTW
Page 562 and 563: CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
Page 564 and 565: TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
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TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
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CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
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• Section 6.2 describes methods f
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equirements. At a minimum, training
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Vactor equipment removes sediment a
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Industrial Properties, Marinas, and
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• Rinse the rock with hose water
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EXAMPLE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
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MONITORING PLAN TEMPLATE1. TITLE PA
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MONITORING, INSPECTION, ANDMAINTENA
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Sample Site123 Main StreetSouth Lak
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3. MONITORINGIn 2011, South Lake Ta
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ATTACHMENT BWATER QUALITY DATA
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ATTACHMENT DINSPECTION AND MAINTENC
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• Discharge of stormwater from in
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PAVING SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL PR
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TRPA Shorezone permit (www.trpa.org
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CHAPTER 8: SHOREZONE PROTECTIVESTRU
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technical guidance on structural an
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Pope has developed a shorezone miti
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ADVANTAGES• Protect parcel develo
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Table 8-3: Categorical Classificati
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generate observable changes in the
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Table 8-5: The General Geomorphic C
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8.1.8.2 TOLERANCE DISTRICT AND BACK
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Figure 8-e: Option 2—Backshore De
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Scenic Resources and project compli
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8.2 BULKHEADS AND LAKE WALLS8.2.1 O
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oth the beach immediately fronting
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Like all BMPs, bulkheads and lake w
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For a bulkhead located such that th
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Figure 8-i: Typical Lake Wall (Grav
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Table 8-9: Advantages and Disadvant
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maintains its position under wave s
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8.3.4 INSTALLATIONAs with bulkheads
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Table 8-11: Advantages and Disadvan
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V t ≥ 5R c2(Equation 4.1)Where:Vt
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8.5 BEACH NOURISHMENT AND REPLENISH
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of not being able to protect the ba
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• The material must be washed to
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nourishment will be determined by m
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8.7 BREAKWATERS8.7.1 OVERVIEWBreakw
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The procedure for determining armor
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8.8 SHOREZONE VEGETATION8.8.1 OVERV
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vegetation. Protecting a tree from
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Overall, dredging can be either a p
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The Pneuma pump is a piece of dredg
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nature of the project and the poten
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8.10 TURBIDITY CURTAINS8.10.1 OVERV
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weights or connected firmly to sand
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Figure 8-o: Turbidity Curtain Desig
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Aquatic invasive species (AIS) also
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tanks into a sewage retention and/o
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• A common problem with recreatio
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8.12 BOAT RAMP CONSTRUCTION AND VEH
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amp at the change of grade. A V-gro
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Figure 8-p: Boat Ramp DesignTRPA BM
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Table 8-22: Overview of Geotechnica
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8.14 SHOREZONE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE
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8.14.2 ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FO
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some designated boundary or sphere
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spawning grounds and juvenile nurse
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Marine Science, School of Geoscienc
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Osborne, R.H., et. Al. (1985). Sedi
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8.16 APPENDICES8.16.1 DESIGN CALCUL
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Figure 8-r defines the primary wave
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8.16.1.2 WAVE RUN-UP FORMULA FOR BA
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• Use Equation 16.10 to calculate
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Figure 8-u: Design Wave CasesTRPA B
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Figure 8-v: Wave Setup and Run-Up f
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Alternative methods of wave calcula
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GLOSSARYAccretionMay be either a na
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eaches have no berm, others have se
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DensityMass (in kg) per unit of vol
Page 718 and 719:
Fire Defensible SpaceRefers to the
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Common terms related to land covera
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PermeabilityThe property of a bulk
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ScourRemoval of underwater material
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SlopeThe degree of inclination to t
Page 728 and 729:
Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)C
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ACRONYMSACES - Automated Coastal En
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NPS - Nonpoint SourceNRCS - Natural
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BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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