BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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4.4.2.5 MEDIA FILTERAlternate Names: Bed Filter, Sand Filter (Underground or Surface), CartridgeFilter, Proprietary Media FilterDESCRIPTIONMedia filters typically consist of a pretreatment settling chamber followed by achamber/fixed bed that contains filter media or filter cartridges. Stormwaterentering the device is first passed through the pretreatment chamber to removecoarse particles and debris by settling or screening. A weir is typically used topass stormwater from the pretreatment chamber to the media chamber. Anassortment of filter medias are available including sand, leaf compost, activatedcarbon, perlite, amended sand, zeolite, or a combination of these medias. Afterpassing through a filter media, stormwater is collected using an underdrainsystem and piped to the outlet of the device.APPLICABILITY• Typically used for commercial, industrial, or roadway applications wherespace constraints limit the use of other stormwater treatment BMPs.• Depending upon inflowing pollutant loads, frequent maintenance may benecessary to avoid filter clogging and maintain effectiveness.• Most designs require a site that can provide a minimum of 4 feet ofhydraulic head for the media filter to operate properly.Advantages• Specific pollutants can be targeted by customizing the media installed inthe filter.• Can provide removal of pollutants of concern for lake clarity (i.e. finesediment particles and particulate species of phosphorus and nitrogen).BMP DESIGN APPROACHPollutant SourceControlHydrologic SourceControlStormwaterTreatmentSCALE OF APPLICATIONAll SFR and MFR < 1acreMFR 1-5 Acre andCICU < 5 acresMFR and CICU > 5acres and all WQIPsTYPE OF APPLICATIONTemporaryPermanentDisadvantages• Media replacement and other maintenance activities may require confinedspace entry.• Units with standing water potentially promote mosquito breeding.• Installation and maintenance costs are typically higher relative to mostother stormwater treatment BMPs referenced in this Handbook.However, for space constrained sites, costs may be significantly lowerrelative to land acquisition costs for siting alternative stormwatertreatment BMPs.TRPA BMP HandbookChapter 4: BMP Toolkit2012 4.4.2.5-Media FilterPage 1
A media filter installed on a commercial parking lot directly adjacent to Lake Tahoe to meetregulatory discharge standards where infiltration is limited due to high groundwater.DESIGN CONSIDERATIONSThe following guidelines are water quality design considerations. Refer toapplicable drainage design manuals within the responsible jurisdiction forrequirements associated with structural integrity, drainage design, public safety,and other factors. Below is a list of design considerations organized by thedifferent types of media filters discussed in this Handbook.General Considerations• Include a pretreatment chamber to reduce inlet velocities and to removedebris and coarse sediment. A settling basin or a forebay is commonlyused for this purpose.• Ensure sufficient hydraulic head from the inlet to the outlet is available.Most media filters need at least 4 feet of hydraulic head to operateproperly.• The minimum filtering rate of the media, or media cartridges, shall equateto the water quality treatment rate for the design storm.• Underground media filters may function better in cold climates becauseof fewer problems from freezing. However, underground filters aretypically more burdensome to maintain relative to above ground filters.• Shallow groundwater may damage underground structures or affect theperformance of underdrain systems.• To facilitate timely maintenance of a media filter, consider designing aninlet bypass system.Chapter 4: BMP ToolkitTRPA BMP Handbook4.4.2.5-Media Filter 2012Page 2
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PREFACEThe Tahoe Regional Planning
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE...........
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3.5.5 Stormwater Treatment ........
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6.3 Projects 1 to 5 Acres and all C
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8.10.5 Maintenance ................
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Table 8-4: Federal, State and Regio
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Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated Swale .....
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INTRODUCTIONPURPOSE AND USERS OF TH
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Lake Tahoe’s world renowned blue
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Urbanization in the Lake Tahoe wate
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50 percent of the light scattering
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Figure I-c: Impervious Cover versus
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Disconnected impervious areasdrain
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POLLUTANT EFFECT URBAN SOURCES ASSO
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BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICESHistorical
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Table I-2: Differences in BMP Retro
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CHAPTER 1: URBAN HYDROLOGY1.1 PURPO
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Figure 1-a: Runoff ProcessesTRPA BM
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Although many urbanized areas face
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watersheds to make the necessary es
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Pollutant load estimates are typica
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differ from the following recommend
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Figure 1-b: Hydrologic Processes an
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1.3.3.2 NRCS BMP CALCULATION SPREAD
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1.3.3.3 RATIONAL METHODMODEL SUMMAR
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1.3.3.4 LOAD REDUCTION PLANNING TOO
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in HMS may be event-based or contin
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1.3.3.6 POLLUTANT LOAD REDUCTION MO
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AVAILABILITY AND SUPPORTING DOCUMEN
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TYPICAL LEVEL OF EFFORTHSPF and LSP
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few days to a week of time to revie
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USACE studies recommended use of th
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during the initial site visit, or c
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Figure 2-a: Soil Horizons• Depth
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Evidence of compacted and disturbed
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UNMAPPED ROCK OUTCROPS, STEEP SLOPE
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The primary pollutants of concern o
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On the map use an arrow to delineat
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2.2.3 ADDITIONAL DATA GATHERINGAfte
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and allowable uses. Baseline Land C
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topographic survey will be required
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Table 2-3: Basis of Capability Clas
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Keep your property lean, clean,and
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treatment. This will reduce the mai
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ponds, wetlands, lakes, manmade cha
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2.3.3.2 SOILS HYDROLOGIC REPORTThe
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CHAPTER 3: PERMANENT BMP PLANNINGAN
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STORMWATER TREATMENTRepresents BMPs
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Table 3-1: Waste Management and Mat
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D. STABILIZE STEEP DISTURBED SLOPES
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This infiltration trench collects s
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3.5 PROJECTS 1 TO 5 ACRES AND ALL C
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This Page Blank.TRPA BMP HandbookCH
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unnecessary turf areas and replace
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Table 3-5: Waste Management and Mat
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3.5.2.3 SOIL STABILIZATIONA. RESTOR
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Left: Dripline erosion below a deck
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Pervious concrete parking pad locat
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3.5.5 STORMWATER TREATMENT3.5.5.1 M
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3.6.1.1 JURISDICTIONThese projects
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to perform required inspection and
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3.8.2.4 SHARED ACCESS AND EASEMENTS
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3.8.2.8 STREAM ENVIRONMENT ZONES (S
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Sediment versus erosion:Suspended s
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CONTENTSCHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT ....
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CHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT4.1 HYDROLOGI
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4.1.1.1 PERVIOUS PAVEMENTAlternativ
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• Tree canopy overhead can decrea
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ate determined at the time of insta
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Figure 4.1-a: Pervious ConcreteTRPA
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4.1.1.2 INFILTRATION BASINAlternati
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groundwater, depths to restrictive
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Very few performance monitoring stu
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
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4.1.1.3 INFILTRATION TRENCHAlternat
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• Consult the NRCS Tahoe Basin So
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• Alternative Method: Excavate th
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Figure 4.1-c: Infiltration TrenchTR
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Figure 4.1-e: Roof Dripline Planter
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4.1.1.4 SUBSURFACE INFILTRATION SYS
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percent void space compared to 40 p
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• Ensure the surrounding surface
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4.1.1.5 RAIN BARREL AND CISTERNAlte
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• Position the rain barrel or cis
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4.1.1.6 RAIN GARDENAlternative Name
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• To manage high flows, design a
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4.1.1.7 FILTER STRIPAlternative Nam
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• The top of the vegetated filter
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
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Figure 4.1-i: Vegetated Filter Stri
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.2-a: Slope
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Chapter 4: BMP ToolkitTRPA BMP Hand
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• Obtain and use a road abrasive
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• Mechanical broom sweepers may a
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA signi
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for dry basins or infiltration basi
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• For unpaved snow storage areas
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Figure 4.2-a: Slope Stabilization A
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Disadvantages• Not always success
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• Bind together long live branch
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Brush Layering and MattingBrush lay
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Advantages• Reduces the erosion p
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Table 4.2-1: Terracing Inspection a
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Disadvantages• Can be complicated
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• Revegetate the backfilled bench
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Figure 4.2-d: Timber Retaining Wall
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Advantages• Versatile and applica
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Table 4.2-3: Riprap Inspection and
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educe the concentration of runoff,
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Figure 4.2-g: Slope Bottom BenchFig
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• Contour Furrows - relatively de
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APPLICABILITYAll roads, driveways,
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Stormwater runoff from a paved park
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Figure 4.2-k: Grading for Sheet Flo
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INORGANIC MULCH:• Areas where org
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• Stockpile and use existing orga
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The surface under the raised decksh
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Figure 4.2-l: Rock Armor - Elevated
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Clustered boulders used for parking
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• Helps to protect wildlife.• H
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA prope
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Improper storage of hazardous mater
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• Try to use the entire product b
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facilities must be equipped with ap
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• Dispose of it properly• Be a
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Disadvantages• Additional resourc
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• All hay, cubed hay, straw, mulc
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• Sanitary sewer regulations gene
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APPLICABILITYAll vehicles, includin
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• Do not perform other vehicle or
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.3-a: Curb B
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APPLICABILITY• Culverts are appli
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deterioration. The inspection crew
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APPLICABILITY• Curb and gutters a
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Inst
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Figure 4.3-b: Rolled CurbChapter 4:
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Advantages• Prevents the discharg
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Table 4.3-2: Storm Drain Inspection
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Advantages• Prevents scour that m
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Figure 4.3-c: Outlet ProtectionChap
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• The structure can be designed t
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Disc
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Advantages• Assists in the contro
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Figure 4.3-e: Slotted Channel Drain
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Advantages• May be less expensive
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Table 4.3-5: A/C Swale Inspection a
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• Prevents property damage, slope
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Figure 4.3-g: Subsurface DrainChapt
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abrasives applied during the winter
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Page 346 and 347: Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated SwaleChapte
Page 348 and 349: Check dams installed in water sprea
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Page 352 and 353: CONTENTS4.4 Stormwater Treatment ..
Page 354 and 355: 4.4 STORMWATER TREATMENTThe primary
Page 356 and 357: 4.4.1.1 WET BASINAlternative Names:
Page 358 and 359: • Surcharge storage above the wet
Page 360 and 361: Table 4.4-1: Wet Basin Inspection a
Page 362 and 363: Figure 4.4-a: Wet Basin (Concept Dr
Page 364 and 365: 4.4.1.2 BIOSWALEAlternative Names:
Page 366 and 367: • Consider incorporating trees or
Page 368 and 369: Figure 4.4-b: Bioswale (Linear Basi
Page 370 and 371: 4.4.1.3 DRY BASINAlternative Names:
Page 372 and 373: • Drainage design standards for t
Page 374 and 375: INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
Page 376 and 377: Figure 4.4-c: Detention BasinTRPA B
Page 378 and 379: 4.4.2 FLOW THROUGH TREATMENTFlow-th
Page 380 and 381: 4.4.2.1 DROP INLET INSERTAlternativ
Page 382 and 383: INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Refe
Page 384 and 385: 4.4.2.2 TRASH RACKAlternate Names:
Page 386 and 387: 4.4.2.3 BAFFLED VAULTAlternative Na
Page 388 and 389: • Ensure that site conditions all
Page 390 and 391: 4.4.2.4 HYDRODYNAMIC SEPARATORAlter
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Page 396 and 397: Cartridge Filter• Cartridge filte
Page 398 and 399: • Vent the system as for undergro
Page 400 and 401: 4.4.2.6 SEDIMENT TRAPAlternative Na
Page 402 and 403: INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Regul
Page 404 and 405: Figure 4.4-e: Sediment TrapTRPA BMP
Page 406 and 407: CONTENTS4.5 Temporary BMPs for Cons
Page 408 and 409: 4.5 TEMPORARY BMPS FOR CONSTRUCTION
Page 410 and 411: concrete washouts and stockpiles sh
Page 412 and 413: 4.5.1.1 CONSTRUCTION PLANNING AND S
Page 414 and 415: • Measures to minimize the potent
Page 416 and 417: 4.5.1.2 CONSTRUCTION BOUNDARY FENCI
Page 418 and 419: Figure 4.5-a: Construction Boundary
Page 420 and 421: 4.5.1.3 DEWATERINGDESCRIPTIONDewate
Page 422 and 423: Figure 4.5-b: DewateringTRPA BMP Ha
Page 424 and 425: • Use this settled water to fill
Page 426 and 427: 4.5.1.4 CLEAN WATER DIVERSIONAltern
Page 428 and 429: • Avoid disturbing aquatic specie
Page 430 and 431: • Pipe slope drain: A rigid pipe,
Page 432 and 433: Stream Isolation Techniques:• Tur
Page 434 and 435: Figure 4.5-f: Water DiversionTRPA B
Page 436 and 437: 4.5.1.5 VEGETATION PROTECTIONAltern
Page 438 and 439: • Growing Space: Provide spacing
Page 440 and 441: Figure 4.5-g: Vegetation Protection
Page 442 and 443: 4.5.1.6 TEMPORARY SANITATION FACILI
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4.5.1.7 DUST CONTROLAlternate Names
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• Blanket with geotextiles or veg
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4.5.1.8 VEHICLE INGRESS EGRESS MANA
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• If possible, re-use swept or va
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4.5.1.9 WINTERIZATIONDESCRIPTIONBet
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCEEnsure th
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4.5.1.10 CONSTRUCTION STAGINGAltern
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4.5.1.11 MATERIAL HANDLING STORAGE
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• Ensure that current Material Sa
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4.5.1.12 TOPSOIL SALVAGEAlternative
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• If topsoil will not be used for
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4.5.1.13 CONCRETE/BENTONITE MANAGEM
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Figure 4.5-i: Concrete Washout Stat
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4.5.1.14 STOCKPILE MANAGEMENTAltern
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Figure 4.5-j: Stockpile ManagementT
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4.5.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROLR
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4.5.2.1 SWEEPINGDESCRIPTIONDuring c
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4.5.2.2 DRAIN INLET PROTECTIONAlter
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inches. Take care to ensure that no
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Figure 4.5-k: Drain Inlet Protectio
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4.5.2.3 FIBER ROLLAlternative Names
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• Adjust spacing of fiber rolls a
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Figure 4.5-l: Fiber RollsTRPA BMP H
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4.5.2.4 SILT FENCEAlternative Names
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• Turn the fabric uphill at the e
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Figure 4.5-m: Silt FenceTRPA BMP Ha
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4.5.2.5 EROSION CONTROL BLANKET SYS
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structures mark the boundaries of t
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Figure 4.5-p: Anchoring Geotextiles
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4.5.2.6 HYDROMULCH, TACKIFIER, AND
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Hydro
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5.2 SOILSoil is a complex living sy
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Tilling green wood chips intothe so
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areas such as SEZs and in shorezone
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Large boulders provide permanent ve
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To address this TRPA’s Regional P
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to apply ½ inch of water. Water yo
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Pesticides can be degraded by sunli
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5.3.2.5 FIRE DEFENSIBLE SPACEFire d
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etween them. For example, shrubs wi
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5.4 PROJECT SCALE REQUIREMENTSSoil
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5.4.1.5 PROJECT INSTALLATIONA. CONT
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percent vegetative cover, soil surf
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TRPA Revegetation Plan TemplateSoil
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(c) GRADING AND SLOPE SHAPINGDescri
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TRPA Revegetation Plan ExampleSoil
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• All machinery must be clean bef
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Common NameScientific NameScotchbro
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during dry weather. All debris, roo
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substantially different that the pe
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TRPA BMP HandbookCHAPTER 5: Soil an
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Fertilizer Management PlanProject N
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IV. MONITORINGSurface and groundwat
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I. PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTIONGold
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Table 5-1: Description of Revegetat
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SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTS
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SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTW
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CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
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TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
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TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
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CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
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• Section 6.2 describes methods f
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equirements. At a minimum, training
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Vactor equipment removes sediment a
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Industrial Properties, Marinas, and
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• Rinse the rock with hose water
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EXAMPLE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
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MONITORING PLAN TEMPLATE1. TITLE PA
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MONITORING, INSPECTION, ANDMAINTENA
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Sample Site123 Main StreetSouth Lak
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3. MONITORINGIn 2011, South Lake Ta
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ATTACHMENT BWATER QUALITY DATA
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ATTACHMENT DINSPECTION AND MAINTENC
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• Discharge of stormwater from in
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PAVING SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL PR
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TRPA Shorezone permit (www.trpa.org
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CHAPTER 8: SHOREZONE PROTECTIVESTRU
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technical guidance on structural an
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Pope has developed a shorezone miti
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ADVANTAGES• Protect parcel develo
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Table 8-3: Categorical Classificati
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generate observable changes in the
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Table 8-5: The General Geomorphic C
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8.1.8.2 TOLERANCE DISTRICT AND BACK
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Figure 8-e: Option 2—Backshore De
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Scenic Resources and project compli
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8.2 BULKHEADS AND LAKE WALLS8.2.1 O
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oth the beach immediately fronting
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Like all BMPs, bulkheads and lake w
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For a bulkhead located such that th
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Figure 8-i: Typical Lake Wall (Grav
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Table 8-9: Advantages and Disadvant
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maintains its position under wave s
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8.3.4 INSTALLATIONAs with bulkheads
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Table 8-11: Advantages and Disadvan
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V t ≥ 5R c2(Equation 4.1)Where:Vt
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8.5 BEACH NOURISHMENT AND REPLENISH
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of not being able to protect the ba
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• The material must be washed to
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nourishment will be determined by m
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8.7 BREAKWATERS8.7.1 OVERVIEWBreakw
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The procedure for determining armor
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8.8 SHOREZONE VEGETATION8.8.1 OVERV
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vegetation. Protecting a tree from
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Overall, dredging can be either a p
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The Pneuma pump is a piece of dredg
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nature of the project and the poten
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8.10 TURBIDITY CURTAINS8.10.1 OVERV
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weights or connected firmly to sand
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Figure 8-o: Turbidity Curtain Desig
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Aquatic invasive species (AIS) also
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tanks into a sewage retention and/o
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• A common problem with recreatio
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8.12 BOAT RAMP CONSTRUCTION AND VEH
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amp at the change of grade. A V-gro
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Figure 8-p: Boat Ramp DesignTRPA BM
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Table 8-22: Overview of Geotechnica
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8.14 SHOREZONE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE
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8.14.2 ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FO
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some designated boundary or sphere
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spawning grounds and juvenile nurse
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Marine Science, School of Geoscienc
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Osborne, R.H., et. Al. (1985). Sedi
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8.16 APPENDICES8.16.1 DESIGN CALCUL
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Figure 8-r defines the primary wave
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8.16.1.2 WAVE RUN-UP FORMULA FOR BA
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• Use Equation 16.10 to calculate
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Figure 8-u: Design Wave CasesTRPA B
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Figure 8-v: Wave Setup and Run-Up f
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Alternative methods of wave calcula
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GLOSSARYAccretionMay be either a na
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eaches have no berm, others have se
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DensityMass (in kg) per unit of vol
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Fire Defensible SpaceRefers to the
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Common terms related to land covera
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PermeabilityThe property of a bulk
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ScourRemoval of underwater material
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SlopeThe degree of inclination to t
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Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)C
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ACRONYMSACES - Automated Coastal En
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NPS - Nonpoint SourceNRCS - Natural
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BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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