BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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• Prevents property damage, slope failure, and slumping.Disadvantages• Accumulates sediment and debris over time, requiring periodic inspectionand maintenance.DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS• Subsurface drains should be designed in conjunction with an infiltrationsystem so that there is no direct discharge to surface waters or groundwater.The discharge and infiltration of stormwater should be installed within theproperty boundaries and should not harm adjacent properties. Stormwatershould not be discharged into the right of way or municipal storm drainsystem unless approval is obtained from the local governing authority.• Maintain a pipe slope greater than 1 percent to promote constant flow andto prevent freezing.• Surround perforated pipe with additional gravel for insulation.INSTALLATION• Excavate a trench at least 10 inches deep and 10 inches wide.• Line the trench with an 8 milliliter plastic liner if no water is to infiltratebefore the designed infiltration system (i.e. if you want to move water awayfrom the foundation of a house). If some infiltration is desired as water isconveyed through the trench, line with geotextile filter fabric.• Add a two inch layer of ¾ to 1 ½ inch washed, clean drain rock at thebottom of the trench.• Install the perforated pipe (typically 4 inch diameter) in the trench with atleast 1 percent slope in the direction of flow.• Install a clean-out port at the lower and upper end of the trench as well as atbends. Clean-outs can be constructed of an elbow or “T” extended above thesurface and capped. A sediment trap may be installed at these locations foradditional sediment capture.• Backfill the trench with washed, clean drainrock.• Adding a sand layer in between the layers of gravel may also add anadditional treatment benefit.INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCERefer to Table 4.3-6, Subsurface Drain Inspection and Maintenance below.EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSSubsurface drains are an effective conveyance when designed and installedproperly. Effectiveness is lost if the system gets clogged with sediment anddebris so maintenance is critical.Chapter 4: BMP ToolkitTRPA BMP Handbook4.3.1.9-Subsurface Drain 2012Page 2
Table 4.3-6: Subsurface Drain Inspection and MaintenanceINSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIESInspect that the drain properly captures runoff from the impervious surface and conveys it to the treatmentsystem. Verify performance by pouring water, via a hose or large water container, on the surface and/orobserving the system during a storm event.• Repair any blocked or diverted conveyances.• Clean Subsurface Drain via the clean out ports if piping is suspected of being clogged.Inspect for trash and litter (especially pine needles) on the surface of gravel entry drains.• Remove trash and litter from gravel entry drains with leaf rake.Inspect for upslope or adjacent erosion and contributing sediment sources.• Stabilize contributing eroding areas and/or bare soil to prevent sediment entry into drain system.For gravel entry Subsurface Drains, inspect for sediment and debris accumulation in the gravel.• If there is evidence of runoff or pooling after 20 seconds, rehabilitation is needed.• When top layer of gravel becomes clogged with sediment or debris or if accumulated material impedesrunoff entry to drain, remove accumulated material.• When dry, remove gravel, sieve gravel to remove sediment, clean or replace the underlying fabric, replacecleaned gravel and dispose of sediment in a TRPA approved stable on-site location or out of the Lake TahoeRegion.For Subsurface Drains with sediment traps, measure depth of sediment to determine accumulated depth.• If accumulated material has decreased sediment trap capacity by 50%, remove accumulated material. Iffrequently full of sediment, consider retrofitting with a larger sump. Investigate higher in the drainage areafor possible contributing sediment sources.• Remove grate or cover from trap, remove sediment with a vactor truck or by hand and dispose of sedimentin a TRPA approved stable on-site location or out of the Lake Tahoe Region.Inspect site for unusual or unsafe conditions (snowplow damage, structural damage, dumping, vandalism,etc.).• Repair structural components as necessary.Inspect for signs that animals are using the pipes as homes and burrows.• Install animal guards on the pipe ends if rodents are entering the pipes.Monitor ongoing effectiveness and determine whether another BMP type or additional BMPs could improvelong-term effectiveness and improve benefits to costs versus the existing Subsurface Drain.• Analyze Inspection and Maintenance Log for trends or recurring issues• Prepare a plan that more effectively addresses conveyance and infiltration needs, reduces long termmaintenance costs and improves overall effectiveness and safety of the BMP.SUGGESTEDFREQUENCYAnnually in springand during majorstormsTwice annually inspring and fallAnnuallyin springSemi-annually(spring and fall)and after majorstormsAnnuallyin spring and aftermajor stormsINSPECTIONEQUIPMENTShovelRulerMAINTENANCEEQUIPMENTTools as needed to repairLeaf rakeTrash bagSoil Amendment, Seeds/Plants, Irrigation, Mulch,Erosion Control Blanket,Riprap, Coir LogsShovel or BackhoeSieving ScreenTrash BagPickup or Dump TruckGrate removal toolsVactor TruckShovel or ScoopTrash BagAnnually in spring Tools as neededAnnually in springEvery 5 yearsQualifiedInspector orConsultantTools as needed tocorrectQualified Inspector orConsultantTRPA BMP Handbook Chapter 4: BMP Toolkit2012 4.3.1.9-Subsurface DrainPage 3
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PREFACEThe Tahoe Regional Planning
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE...........
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3.5.5 Stormwater Treatment ........
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6.3 Projects 1 to 5 Acres and all C
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8.10.5 Maintenance ................
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Table 8-4: Federal, State and Regio
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Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated Swale .....
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INTRODUCTIONPURPOSE AND USERS OF TH
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Lake Tahoe’s world renowned blue
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Urbanization in the Lake Tahoe wate
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50 percent of the light scattering
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Figure I-c: Impervious Cover versus
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Disconnected impervious areasdrain
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POLLUTANT EFFECT URBAN SOURCES ASSO
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BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICESHistorical
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Table I-2: Differences in BMP Retro
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CHAPTER 1: URBAN HYDROLOGY1.1 PURPO
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Figure 1-a: Runoff ProcessesTRPA BM
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Although many urbanized areas face
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watersheds to make the necessary es
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Pollutant load estimates are typica
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differ from the following recommend
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Figure 1-b: Hydrologic Processes an
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1.3.3.2 NRCS BMP CALCULATION SPREAD
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1.3.3.3 RATIONAL METHODMODEL SUMMAR
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1.3.3.4 LOAD REDUCTION PLANNING TOO
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in HMS may be event-based or contin
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1.3.3.6 POLLUTANT LOAD REDUCTION MO
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AVAILABILITY AND SUPPORTING DOCUMEN
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TYPICAL LEVEL OF EFFORTHSPF and LSP
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few days to a week of time to revie
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USACE studies recommended use of th
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during the initial site visit, or c
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Figure 2-a: Soil Horizons• Depth
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Evidence of compacted and disturbed
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UNMAPPED ROCK OUTCROPS, STEEP SLOPE
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The primary pollutants of concern o
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On the map use an arrow to delineat
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2.2.3 ADDITIONAL DATA GATHERINGAfte
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and allowable uses. Baseline Land C
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topographic survey will be required
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Table 2-3: Basis of Capability Clas
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Keep your property lean, clean,and
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treatment. This will reduce the mai
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ponds, wetlands, lakes, manmade cha
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2.3.3.2 SOILS HYDROLOGIC REPORTThe
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CHAPTER 3: PERMANENT BMP PLANNINGAN
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STORMWATER TREATMENTRepresents BMPs
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Table 3-1: Waste Management and Mat
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D. STABILIZE STEEP DISTURBED SLOPES
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This infiltration trench collects s
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3.5 PROJECTS 1 TO 5 ACRES AND ALL C
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This Page Blank.TRPA BMP HandbookCH
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unnecessary turf areas and replace
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Table 3-5: Waste Management and Mat
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3.5.2.3 SOIL STABILIZATIONA. RESTOR
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Left: Dripline erosion below a deck
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Pervious concrete parking pad locat
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3.5.5 STORMWATER TREATMENT3.5.5.1 M
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3.6.1.1 JURISDICTIONThese projects
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to perform required inspection and
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3.8.2.4 SHARED ACCESS AND EASEMENTS
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3.8.2.8 STREAM ENVIRONMENT ZONES (S
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Sediment versus erosion:Suspended s
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CONTENTSCHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT ....
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CHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT4.1 HYDROLOGI
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4.1.1.1 PERVIOUS PAVEMENTAlternativ
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• Tree canopy overhead can decrea
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ate determined at the time of insta
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Figure 4.1-a: Pervious ConcreteTRPA
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4.1.1.2 INFILTRATION BASINAlternati
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groundwater, depths to restrictive
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Very few performance monitoring stu
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
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4.1.1.3 INFILTRATION TRENCHAlternat
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• Consult the NRCS Tahoe Basin So
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• Alternative Method: Excavate th
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Figure 4.1-c: Infiltration TrenchTR
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Figure 4.1-e: Roof Dripline Planter
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4.1.1.4 SUBSURFACE INFILTRATION SYS
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percent void space compared to 40 p
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• Ensure the surrounding surface
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4.1.1.5 RAIN BARREL AND CISTERNAlte
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• Position the rain barrel or cis
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4.1.1.6 RAIN GARDENAlternative Name
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• To manage high flows, design a
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4.1.1.7 FILTER STRIPAlternative Nam
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• The top of the vegetated filter
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
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Figure 4.1-i: Vegetated Filter Stri
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.2-a: Slope
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Chapter 4: BMP ToolkitTRPA BMP Hand
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• Obtain and use a road abrasive
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• Mechanical broom sweepers may a
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA signi
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for dry basins or infiltration basi
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• For unpaved snow storage areas
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Figure 4.2-a: Slope Stabilization A
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Disadvantages• Not always success
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• Bind together long live branch
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Brush Layering and MattingBrush lay
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Advantages• Reduces the erosion p
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Table 4.2-1: Terracing Inspection a
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Disadvantages• Can be complicated
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• Revegetate the backfilled bench
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Figure 4.2-d: Timber Retaining Wall
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Advantages• Versatile and applica
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Table 4.2-3: Riprap Inspection and
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educe the concentration of runoff,
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Figure 4.2-g: Slope Bottom BenchFig
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• Contour Furrows - relatively de
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APPLICABILITYAll roads, driveways,
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Stormwater runoff from a paved park
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Figure 4.2-k: Grading for Sheet Flo
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INORGANIC MULCH:• Areas where org
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• Stockpile and use existing orga
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The surface under the raised decksh
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Figure 4.2-l: Rock Armor - Elevated
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Clustered boulders used for parking
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• Helps to protect wildlife.• H
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA prope
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Improper storage of hazardous mater
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• Try to use the entire product b
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facilities must be equipped with ap
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• Dispose of it properly• Be a
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Disadvantages• Additional resourc
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• All hay, cubed hay, straw, mulc
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Page 294 and 295: LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.3-a: Curb B
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Page 298 and 299: APPLICABILITY• Culverts are appli
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Page 304 and 305: APPLICABILITY• Curb and gutters a
Page 306 and 307: INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Inst
Page 308 and 309: Figure 4.3-b: Rolled CurbChapter 4:
Page 310 and 311: Advantages• Prevents the discharg
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Page 314 and 315: Advantages• Prevents scour that m
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Page 324 and 325: INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Disc
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Page 330 and 331: Figure 4.3-e: Slotted Channel Drain
Page 332 and 333: Advantages• May be less expensive
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Page 340 and 341: Figure 4.3-g: Subsurface DrainChapt
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Page 346 and 347: Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated SwaleChapte
Page 348 and 349: Check dams installed in water sprea
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Page 352 and 353: CONTENTS4.4 Stormwater Treatment ..
Page 354 and 355: 4.4 STORMWATER TREATMENTThe primary
Page 356 and 357: 4.4.1.1 WET BASINAlternative Names:
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Page 362 and 363: Figure 4.4-a: Wet Basin (Concept Dr
Page 364 and 365: 4.4.1.2 BIOSWALEAlternative Names:
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Page 368 and 369: Figure 4.4-b: Bioswale (Linear Basi
Page 370 and 371: 4.4.1.3 DRY BASINAlternative Names:
Page 372 and 373: • Drainage design standards for t
Page 374 and 375: INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
Page 376 and 377: Figure 4.4-c: Detention BasinTRPA B
Page 378 and 379: 4.4.2 FLOW THROUGH TREATMENTFlow-th
Page 380 and 381: 4.4.2.1 DROP INLET INSERTAlternativ
Page 382 and 383: INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Refe
Page 384 and 385: 4.4.2.2 TRASH RACKAlternate Names:
Page 386 and 387: 4.4.2.3 BAFFLED VAULTAlternative Na
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• Ensure that site conditions all
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4.4.2.4 HYDRODYNAMIC SEPARATORAlter
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• Most units are designed to be c
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4.4.2.5 MEDIA FILTERAlternate Names
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Cartridge Filter• Cartridge filte
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• Vent the system as for undergro
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4.4.2.6 SEDIMENT TRAPAlternative Na
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Regul
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Figure 4.4-e: Sediment TrapTRPA BMP
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CONTENTS4.5 Temporary BMPs for Cons
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4.5 TEMPORARY BMPS FOR CONSTRUCTION
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concrete washouts and stockpiles sh
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4.5.1.1 CONSTRUCTION PLANNING AND S
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• Measures to minimize the potent
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4.5.1.2 CONSTRUCTION BOUNDARY FENCI
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Figure 4.5-a: Construction Boundary
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4.5.1.3 DEWATERINGDESCRIPTIONDewate
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Figure 4.5-b: DewateringTRPA BMP Ha
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• Use this settled water to fill
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4.5.1.4 CLEAN WATER DIVERSIONAltern
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• Avoid disturbing aquatic specie
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• Pipe slope drain: A rigid pipe,
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Stream Isolation Techniques:• Tur
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Figure 4.5-f: Water DiversionTRPA B
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4.5.1.5 VEGETATION PROTECTIONAltern
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• Growing Space: Provide spacing
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Figure 4.5-g: Vegetation Protection
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4.5.1.6 TEMPORARY SANITATION FACILI
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4.5.1.7 DUST CONTROLAlternate Names
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• Blanket with geotextiles or veg
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4.5.1.8 VEHICLE INGRESS EGRESS MANA
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• If possible, re-use swept or va
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4.5.1.9 WINTERIZATIONDESCRIPTIONBet
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCEEnsure th
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4.5.1.10 CONSTRUCTION STAGINGAltern
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4.5.1.11 MATERIAL HANDLING STORAGE
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• Ensure that current Material Sa
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4.5.1.12 TOPSOIL SALVAGEAlternative
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• If topsoil will not be used for
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4.5.1.13 CONCRETE/BENTONITE MANAGEM
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Figure 4.5-i: Concrete Washout Stat
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4.5.1.14 STOCKPILE MANAGEMENTAltern
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Figure 4.5-j: Stockpile ManagementT
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4.5.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROLR
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4.5.2.1 SWEEPINGDESCRIPTIONDuring c
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4.5.2.2 DRAIN INLET PROTECTIONAlter
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inches. Take care to ensure that no
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Figure 4.5-k: Drain Inlet Protectio
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4.5.2.3 FIBER ROLLAlternative Names
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• Adjust spacing of fiber rolls a
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Figure 4.5-l: Fiber RollsTRPA BMP H
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4.5.2.4 SILT FENCEAlternative Names
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• Turn the fabric uphill at the e
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Figure 4.5-m: Silt FenceTRPA BMP Ha
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4.5.2.5 EROSION CONTROL BLANKET SYS
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structures mark the boundaries of t
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Figure 4.5-p: Anchoring Geotextiles
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4.5.2.6 HYDROMULCH, TACKIFIER, AND
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Hydro
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5.2 SOILSoil is a complex living sy
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Tilling green wood chips intothe so
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areas such as SEZs and in shorezone
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Large boulders provide permanent ve
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To address this TRPA’s Regional P
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to apply ½ inch of water. Water yo
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Pesticides can be degraded by sunli
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5.3.2.5 FIRE DEFENSIBLE SPACEFire d
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etween them. For example, shrubs wi
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5.4 PROJECT SCALE REQUIREMENTSSoil
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5.4.1.5 PROJECT INSTALLATIONA. CONT
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percent vegetative cover, soil surf
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TRPA Revegetation Plan TemplateSoil
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(c) GRADING AND SLOPE SHAPINGDescri
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TRPA Revegetation Plan ExampleSoil
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• All machinery must be clean bef
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Common NameScientific NameScotchbro
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during dry weather. All debris, roo
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substantially different that the pe
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TRPA BMP HandbookCHAPTER 5: Soil an
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Fertilizer Management PlanProject N
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IV. MONITORINGSurface and groundwat
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I. PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTIONGold
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Table 5-1: Description of Revegetat
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SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTS
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SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTW
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CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
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TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
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TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
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CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
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• Section 6.2 describes methods f
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equirements. At a minimum, training
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Vactor equipment removes sediment a
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Industrial Properties, Marinas, and
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• Rinse the rock with hose water
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EXAMPLE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
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MONITORING PLAN TEMPLATE1. TITLE PA
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MONITORING, INSPECTION, ANDMAINTENA
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Sample Site123 Main StreetSouth Lak
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3. MONITORINGIn 2011, South Lake Ta
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ATTACHMENT BWATER QUALITY DATA
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ATTACHMENT DINSPECTION AND MAINTENC
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• Discharge of stormwater from in
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PAVING SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL PR
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TRPA Shorezone permit (www.trpa.org
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CHAPTER 8: SHOREZONE PROTECTIVESTRU
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technical guidance on structural an
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Pope has developed a shorezone miti
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ADVANTAGES• Protect parcel develo
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Table 8-3: Categorical Classificati
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generate observable changes in the
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Table 8-5: The General Geomorphic C
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8.1.8.2 TOLERANCE DISTRICT AND BACK
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Figure 8-e: Option 2—Backshore De
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Scenic Resources and project compli
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8.2 BULKHEADS AND LAKE WALLS8.2.1 O
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oth the beach immediately fronting
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Like all BMPs, bulkheads and lake w
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For a bulkhead located such that th
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Figure 8-i: Typical Lake Wall (Grav
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Table 8-9: Advantages and Disadvant
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maintains its position under wave s
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8.3.4 INSTALLATIONAs with bulkheads
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Table 8-11: Advantages and Disadvan
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V t ≥ 5R c2(Equation 4.1)Where:Vt
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8.5 BEACH NOURISHMENT AND REPLENISH
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of not being able to protect the ba
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• The material must be washed to
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nourishment will be determined by m
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8.7 BREAKWATERS8.7.1 OVERVIEWBreakw
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The procedure for determining armor
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8.8 SHOREZONE VEGETATION8.8.1 OVERV
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vegetation. Protecting a tree from
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Overall, dredging can be either a p
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The Pneuma pump is a piece of dredg
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nature of the project and the poten
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8.10 TURBIDITY CURTAINS8.10.1 OVERV
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weights or connected firmly to sand
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Figure 8-o: Turbidity Curtain Desig
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Aquatic invasive species (AIS) also
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tanks into a sewage retention and/o
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• A common problem with recreatio
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8.12 BOAT RAMP CONSTRUCTION AND VEH
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amp at the change of grade. A V-gro
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Figure 8-p: Boat Ramp DesignTRPA BM
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Table 8-22: Overview of Geotechnica
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8.14 SHOREZONE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE
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8.14.2 ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FO
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some designated boundary or sphere
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spawning grounds and juvenile nurse
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Marine Science, School of Geoscienc
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Osborne, R.H., et. Al. (1985). Sedi
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8.16 APPENDICES8.16.1 DESIGN CALCUL
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Figure 8-r defines the primary wave
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8.16.1.2 WAVE RUN-UP FORMULA FOR BA
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• Use Equation 16.10 to calculate
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Figure 8-u: Design Wave CasesTRPA B
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Figure 8-v: Wave Setup and Run-Up f
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Alternative methods of wave calcula
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GLOSSARYAccretionMay be either a na
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eaches have no berm, others have se
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DensityMass (in kg) per unit of vol
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Fire Defensible SpaceRefers to the
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Common terms related to land covera
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PermeabilityThe property of a bulk
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ScourRemoval of underwater material
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SlopeThe degree of inclination to t
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Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)C
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ACRONYMSACES - Automated Coastal En
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NPS - Nonpoint SourceNRCS - Natural
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BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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