BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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Table 8-3: Categorical Classification of Shorezone Engineering ProblemsSHORELINESTABILIZATION• Lake Wall• Bulkhead• Revetments• Beachnourishment (withor withoutRestoration)• Detached andAnchoredBreakwaters• Groins• Sand BypassingBACKSHOREPROTECTION• Lake Wall• Protective Beach(with or withoutRestoration )• Sand Dunes• Revetments• BulkheadMARINA INLETSTABILIZATION• Dredging• Jetties• NavigationLAKE CIRCULATION(HYDRODYNAMICS)• Hydraulics (Nearshore- Foreshore andLateral Drift Analysis)• Sediment Transport(Littoral Drift CellAnalysis)• Shorezone (ProcessInterference fromForeshore ControlStructures)• Legal and PolicyAnalysis• Environment Impact(Nearshore WaterQuality, AIS, Fisheries)• EconomicsCONSIDERATIONS CONSIDERATIONS CONSIDERATIONS ANALYTICAL TOOLS• HydraulicModeling• SedimentTransportModeling• Control Structures• Maintenance• EnvironmentImpact (NearshoreWater Quality,Aquatic InvasiveSpecies (AIS),Fisheries)• Legal andRegulatoryRequirements• Economics• HydraulicModeling• SedimentTransportModeling• Control Structures• Maintenance• EnvironmentImpact (NearshoreWater Quality, AIS,Fisheries)• Legal andRegulatoryRequirements• Economics• HydraulicModeling• SedimentTransportModeling• Control Structures• Maintenance• EnvironmentImpact (NearshoreWater Quality,AIS, Fisheries)• Legal andRegulatoryRequirements• Economics• Operational andOperatorProtocols• Physical Lake SystemModeling• Nearshore Monitoring• Inter-Agency PermitCoordination• QuantitativeGeomorphic Analysis• Adjustment AnalysisTRPA BMP HandbookCHAPTER 8: Shorezone Protective Structures and BMPs2012 Page 8-9
8.1.7 REGULATORY PERMITTINGWhen a land owner or other legally responsible party wants to consideradvancing a proposal for a installing a shorezone protective structure on theirproperty there are a number of federal, state, regional, and jurisdictionalentities that must be contacted. Refer to Table 8-4. Additionally, the localjurisdictions may require building permits, own the fee title or have aneasement over a portion of littoral land where the project is proposed to belocated. If the project can potentially affect a utility, the project proponentmay also need a permit from that entity as well (e.g. pump station or a waterintake line). Please consult the appropriate agencies listed below in Table 8-4when thinking about any action in the backshore that may require excavationand/or the construction of a physical structure.Table 8-4: Federal, State and Regional Permits Required for the Installation orRepair of Shorezone Protective Structures in Lake TahoeTahoe Regional Planning AgencyNevada Division of Environmental ProtectionLahontan Water Quality Control BoardCalifornia State Lands CommissionArmy Corp of EngineersNevada State LandsCalifornia Department of Fish and GameNevada Department of Wildlife8.1.8 THE PHYSIOGRAPHIC SETTINGShorezone Permit (Grading permit)Working in Waters PermitSection 401 Water Quality CertificationWaste Discharge PermitSection 401 Water Quality CertificationState LeaseNationwide PermitSection 404 PermitShorezone PermitSection 1201 PermitLetter of ConcurrenceAs the shorezone is dynamic and constantly evolving, civil engineers, programmanagers, and regional planners need to be aware of the physical diversity ofthe shorezone for a number of reasons.First, the balance and interactions between physical processes vary in differentareas and must be evaluated on a site-specific basis. Understanding thegeomorphic diversity provides insights to the critical factors that may affect aparticular project area.Second, different geomorphic settings imply different erosion and sedimentaccretion patterns; thus, the geomorphic analytical tools and proceduressuitable for a particular setting may not be appropriate for another area.The shorezone (i.e., backshore, foreshore and nearshore) should not beevaluated by itself; it must be viewed as a dynamic zone of transition,interaction, and exchange between the inland watersheds and the deeper pelagiczone of Lake Tahoe. The watersheds are sources of energy, nutrients, andsediment, and any alterations due to upland land uses and activities will oftenCHAPTER 8: Shorezone Protective Structures and BMPsTRPA BMP HandbookPage 8-10 2012
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PREFACEThe Tahoe Regional Planning
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE...........
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3.5.5 Stormwater Treatment ........
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6.3 Projects 1 to 5 Acres and all C
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8.10.5 Maintenance ................
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Table 8-4: Federal, State and Regio
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Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated Swale .....
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INTRODUCTIONPURPOSE AND USERS OF TH
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Lake Tahoe’s world renowned blue
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Urbanization in the Lake Tahoe wate
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50 percent of the light scattering
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Figure I-c: Impervious Cover versus
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Disconnected impervious areasdrain
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POLLUTANT EFFECT URBAN SOURCES ASSO
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BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICESHistorical
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Table I-2: Differences in BMP Retro
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CHAPTER 1: URBAN HYDROLOGY1.1 PURPO
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Figure 1-a: Runoff ProcessesTRPA BM
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Although many urbanized areas face
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watersheds to make the necessary es
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Pollutant load estimates are typica
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differ from the following recommend
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Figure 1-b: Hydrologic Processes an
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1.3.3.2 NRCS BMP CALCULATION SPREAD
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1.3.3.3 RATIONAL METHODMODEL SUMMAR
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1.3.3.4 LOAD REDUCTION PLANNING TOO
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in HMS may be event-based or contin
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1.3.3.6 POLLUTANT LOAD REDUCTION MO
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AVAILABILITY AND SUPPORTING DOCUMEN
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TYPICAL LEVEL OF EFFORTHSPF and LSP
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few days to a week of time to revie
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USACE studies recommended use of th
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during the initial site visit, or c
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Figure 2-a: Soil Horizons• Depth
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Evidence of compacted and disturbed
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UNMAPPED ROCK OUTCROPS, STEEP SLOPE
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The primary pollutants of concern o
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On the map use an arrow to delineat
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2.2.3 ADDITIONAL DATA GATHERINGAfte
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and allowable uses. Baseline Land C
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topographic survey will be required
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Table 2-3: Basis of Capability Clas
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Keep your property lean, clean,and
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treatment. This will reduce the mai
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ponds, wetlands, lakes, manmade cha
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2.3.3.2 SOILS HYDROLOGIC REPORTThe
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CHAPTER 3: PERMANENT BMP PLANNINGAN
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STORMWATER TREATMENTRepresents BMPs
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Table 3-1: Waste Management and Mat
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D. STABILIZE STEEP DISTURBED SLOPES
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This infiltration trench collects s
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3.5 PROJECTS 1 TO 5 ACRES AND ALL C
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This Page Blank.TRPA BMP HandbookCH
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unnecessary turf areas and replace
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Table 3-5: Waste Management and Mat
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3.5.2.3 SOIL STABILIZATIONA. RESTOR
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Left: Dripline erosion below a deck
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Pervious concrete parking pad locat
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3.5.5 STORMWATER TREATMENT3.5.5.1 M
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3.6.1.1 JURISDICTIONThese projects
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to perform required inspection and
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3.8.2.4 SHARED ACCESS AND EASEMENTS
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3.8.2.8 STREAM ENVIRONMENT ZONES (S
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Sediment versus erosion:Suspended s
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CONTENTSCHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT ....
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CHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT4.1 HYDROLOGI
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4.1.1.1 PERVIOUS PAVEMENTAlternativ
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• Tree canopy overhead can decrea
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ate determined at the time of insta
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Figure 4.1-a: Pervious ConcreteTRPA
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4.1.1.2 INFILTRATION BASINAlternati
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groundwater, depths to restrictive
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Very few performance monitoring stu
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
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4.1.1.3 INFILTRATION TRENCHAlternat
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• Consult the NRCS Tahoe Basin So
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• Alternative Method: Excavate th
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Figure 4.1-c: Infiltration TrenchTR
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Figure 4.1-e: Roof Dripline Planter
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4.1.1.4 SUBSURFACE INFILTRATION SYS
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percent void space compared to 40 p
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• Ensure the surrounding surface
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4.1.1.5 RAIN BARREL AND CISTERNAlte
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• Position the rain barrel or cis
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4.1.1.6 RAIN GARDENAlternative Name
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• To manage high flows, design a
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4.1.1.7 FILTER STRIPAlternative Nam
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• The top of the vegetated filter
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Figure 4.1-i: Vegetated Filter Stri
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.2-a: Slope
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Chapter 4: BMP ToolkitTRPA BMP Hand
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• Obtain and use a road abrasive
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• Mechanical broom sweepers may a
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA signi
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for dry basins or infiltration basi
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• For unpaved snow storage areas
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Figure 4.2-a: Slope Stabilization A
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Disadvantages• Not always success
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• Bind together long live branch
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Brush Layering and MattingBrush lay
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Advantages• Reduces the erosion p
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Table 4.2-1: Terracing Inspection a
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Disadvantages• Can be complicated
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• Revegetate the backfilled bench
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Figure 4.2-d: Timber Retaining Wall
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Advantages• Versatile and applica
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Table 4.2-3: Riprap Inspection and
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educe the concentration of runoff,
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Figure 4.2-g: Slope Bottom BenchFig
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• Contour Furrows - relatively de
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APPLICABILITYAll roads, driveways,
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Stormwater runoff from a paved park
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Figure 4.2-k: Grading for Sheet Flo
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INORGANIC MULCH:• Areas where org
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• Stockpile and use existing orga
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The surface under the raised decksh
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Figure 4.2-l: Rock Armor - Elevated
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Clustered boulders used for parking
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• Helps to protect wildlife.• H
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA prope
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Improper storage of hazardous mater
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• Try to use the entire product b
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facilities must be equipped with ap
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• Dispose of it properly• Be a
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Disadvantages• Additional resourc
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• All hay, cubed hay, straw, mulc
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• Sanitary sewer regulations gene
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APPLICABILITYAll vehicles, includin
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• Do not perform other vehicle or
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.3-a: Curb B
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APPLICABILITY• Culverts are appli
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deterioration. The inspection crew
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APPLICABILITY• Curb and gutters a
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Inst
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Figure 4.3-b: Rolled CurbChapter 4:
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Advantages• Prevents the discharg
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Table 4.3-2: Storm Drain Inspection
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Advantages• Prevents scour that m
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Figure 4.3-c: Outlet ProtectionChap
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• The structure can be designed t
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Disc
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Advantages• Assists in the contro
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Figure 4.3-e: Slotted Channel Drain
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Advantages• May be less expensive
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Table 4.3-5: A/C Swale Inspection a
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• Prevents property damage, slope
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Figure 4.3-g: Subsurface DrainChapt
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abrasives applied during the winter
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Table 4.3-7: Rock Lined and Vegetat
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Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated SwaleChapte
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Check dams installed in water sprea
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• Design check dams perpendicular
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CONTENTS4.4 Stormwater Treatment ..
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4.4 STORMWATER TREATMENTThe primary
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4.4.1.1 WET BASINAlternative Names:
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• Surcharge storage above the wet
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Table 4.4-1: Wet Basin Inspection a
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Figure 4.4-a: Wet Basin (Concept Dr
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4.4.1.2 BIOSWALEAlternative Names:
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• Consider incorporating trees or
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Figure 4.4-b: Bioswale (Linear Basi
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4.4.1.3 DRY BASINAlternative Names:
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• Drainage design standards for t
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Figure 4.4-c: Detention BasinTRPA B
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4.4.2 FLOW THROUGH TREATMENTFlow-th
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4.4.2.1 DROP INLET INSERTAlternativ
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Refe
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4.4.2.2 TRASH RACKAlternate Names:
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4.4.2.3 BAFFLED VAULTAlternative Na
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• Ensure that site conditions all
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4.4.2.4 HYDRODYNAMIC SEPARATORAlter
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• Most units are designed to be c
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4.4.2.5 MEDIA FILTERAlternate Names
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Cartridge Filter• Cartridge filte
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• Vent the system as for undergro
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4.4.2.6 SEDIMENT TRAPAlternative Na
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Regul
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Figure 4.4-e: Sediment TrapTRPA BMP
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CONTENTS4.5 Temporary BMPs for Cons
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4.5 TEMPORARY BMPS FOR CONSTRUCTION
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concrete washouts and stockpiles sh
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4.5.1.1 CONSTRUCTION PLANNING AND S
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• Measures to minimize the potent
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4.5.1.2 CONSTRUCTION BOUNDARY FENCI
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Figure 4.5-a: Construction Boundary
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4.5.1.3 DEWATERINGDESCRIPTIONDewate
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Figure 4.5-b: DewateringTRPA BMP Ha
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• Use this settled water to fill
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4.5.1.4 CLEAN WATER DIVERSIONAltern
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• Avoid disturbing aquatic specie
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• Pipe slope drain: A rigid pipe,
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Stream Isolation Techniques:• Tur
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Figure 4.5-f: Water DiversionTRPA B
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4.5.1.5 VEGETATION PROTECTIONAltern
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• Growing Space: Provide spacing
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Figure 4.5-g: Vegetation Protection
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4.5.1.6 TEMPORARY SANITATION FACILI
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4.5.1.7 DUST CONTROLAlternate Names
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• Blanket with geotextiles or veg
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4.5.1.8 VEHICLE INGRESS EGRESS MANA
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• If possible, re-use swept or va
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4.5.1.9 WINTERIZATIONDESCRIPTIONBet
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCEEnsure th
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4.5.1.10 CONSTRUCTION STAGINGAltern
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4.5.1.11 MATERIAL HANDLING STORAGE
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• Ensure that current Material Sa
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4.5.1.12 TOPSOIL SALVAGEAlternative
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• If topsoil will not be used for
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4.5.1.13 CONCRETE/BENTONITE MANAGEM
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Figure 4.5-i: Concrete Washout Stat
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4.5.1.14 STOCKPILE MANAGEMENTAltern
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Figure 4.5-j: Stockpile ManagementT
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4.5.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROLR
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4.5.2.1 SWEEPINGDESCRIPTIONDuring c
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4.5.2.2 DRAIN INLET PROTECTIONAlter
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inches. Take care to ensure that no
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Figure 4.5-k: Drain Inlet Protectio
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4.5.2.3 FIBER ROLLAlternative Names
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• Adjust spacing of fiber rolls a
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Figure 4.5-l: Fiber RollsTRPA BMP H
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4.5.2.4 SILT FENCEAlternative Names
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• Turn the fabric uphill at the e
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Figure 4.5-m: Silt FenceTRPA BMP Ha
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4.5.2.5 EROSION CONTROL BLANKET SYS
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structures mark the boundaries of t
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Figure 4.5-p: Anchoring Geotextiles
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4.5.2.6 HYDROMULCH, TACKIFIER, AND
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Hydro
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5.2 SOILSoil is a complex living sy
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Tilling green wood chips intothe so
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areas such as SEZs and in shorezone
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Large boulders provide permanent ve
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To address this TRPA’s Regional P
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to apply ½ inch of water. Water yo
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Pesticides can be degraded by sunli
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5.3.2.5 FIRE DEFENSIBLE SPACEFire d
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etween them. For example, shrubs wi
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5.4 PROJECT SCALE REQUIREMENTSSoil
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5.4.1.5 PROJECT INSTALLATIONA. CONT
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percent vegetative cover, soil surf
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TRPA Revegetation Plan TemplateSoil
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(c) GRADING AND SLOPE SHAPINGDescri
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TRPA Revegetation Plan ExampleSoil
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• All machinery must be clean bef
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Common NameScientific NameScotchbro
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during dry weather. All debris, roo
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substantially different that the pe
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TRPA BMP HandbookCHAPTER 5: Soil an
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Fertilizer Management PlanProject N
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IV. MONITORINGSurface and groundwat
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I. PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTIONGold
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Table 5-1: Description of Revegetat
Page 558 and 559: SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTS
Page 560 and 561: SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTW
Page 562 and 563: CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
Page 564 and 565: TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
Page 566 and 567: TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
Page 568 and 569: CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
Page 570 and 571: • Section 6.2 describes methods f
Page 572 and 573: equirements. At a minimum, training
Page 574 and 575: Vactor equipment removes sediment a
Page 576 and 577: Industrial Properties, Marinas, and
Page 578 and 579: • Rinse the rock with hose water
Page 580 and 581: EXAMPLE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
Page 582 and 583: MONITORING PLAN TEMPLATE1. TITLE PA
Page 584 and 585: MONITORING, INSPECTION, ANDMAINTENA
Page 586 and 587: Sample Site123 Main StreetSouth Lak
Page 588 and 589: 3. MONITORINGIn 2011, South Lake Ta
Page 590 and 591: ATTACHMENT BWATER QUALITY DATA
Page 592 and 593: ATTACHMENT DINSPECTION AND MAINTENC
Page 594 and 595: • Discharge of stormwater from in
Page 596 and 597: PAVING SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL PR
Page 598 and 599: TRPA Shorezone permit (www.trpa.org
Page 600 and 601: CHAPTER 8: SHOREZONE PROTECTIVESTRU
Page 602 and 603: technical guidance on structural an
Page 604 and 605: Pope has developed a shorezone miti
Page 606 and 607: ADVANTAGES• Protect parcel develo
Page 610 and 611: generate observable changes in the
Page 612 and 613: Table 8-5: The General Geomorphic C
Page 614 and 615: 8.1.8.2 TOLERANCE DISTRICT AND BACK
Page 616 and 617: Figure 8-e: Option 2—Backshore De
Page 618 and 619: Scenic Resources and project compli
Page 620 and 621: 8.2 BULKHEADS AND LAKE WALLS8.2.1 O
Page 622 and 623: oth the beach immediately fronting
Page 624 and 625: Like all BMPs, bulkheads and lake w
Page 626 and 627: For a bulkhead located such that th
Page 628 and 629: Figure 8-i: Typical Lake Wall (Grav
Page 630 and 631: Table 8-9: Advantages and Disadvant
Page 632 and 633: maintains its position under wave s
Page 634 and 635: 8.3.4 INSTALLATIONAs with bulkheads
Page 636 and 637: Table 8-11: Advantages and Disadvan
Page 638 and 639: V t ≥ 5R c2(Equation 4.1)Where:Vt
Page 640 and 641: 8.5 BEACH NOURISHMENT AND REPLENISH
Page 642 and 643: of not being able to protect the ba
Page 644 and 645: • The material must be washed to
Page 646 and 647: nourishment will be determined by m
Page 648 and 649: Table 8-14: Advantages and Disadvan
Page 650 and 651: 8.7 BREAKWATERS8.7.1 OVERVIEWBreakw
Page 652 and 653: The procedure for determining armor
Page 654 and 655: 8.8 SHOREZONE VEGETATION8.8.1 OVERV
Page 656 and 657: vegetation. Protecting a tree from
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Overall, dredging can be either a p
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The Pneuma pump is a piece of dredg
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nature of the project and the poten
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8.10 TURBIDITY CURTAINS8.10.1 OVERV
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weights or connected firmly to sand
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Figure 8-o: Turbidity Curtain Desig
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Aquatic invasive species (AIS) also
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tanks into a sewage retention and/o
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• A common problem with recreatio
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8.12 BOAT RAMP CONSTRUCTION AND VEH
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Table 8-20: Advantages and Disadvan
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amp at the change of grade. A V-gro
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Figure 8-p: Boat Ramp DesignTRPA BM
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Table 8-22: Overview of Geotechnica
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8.14 SHOREZONE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE
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8.14.2 ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FO
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some designated boundary or sphere
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spawning grounds and juvenile nurse
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Marine Science, School of Geoscienc
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Osborne, R.H., et. Al. (1985). Sedi
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8.16 APPENDICES8.16.1 DESIGN CALCUL
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Figure 8-r defines the primary wave
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8.16.1.2 WAVE RUN-UP FORMULA FOR BA
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• Use Equation 16.10 to calculate
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Figure 8-u: Design Wave CasesTRPA B
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Figure 8-v: Wave Setup and Run-Up f
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Alternative methods of wave calcula
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GLOSSARYAccretionMay be either a na
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eaches have no berm, others have se
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DensityMass (in kg) per unit of vol
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Fire Defensible SpaceRefers to the
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Common terms related to land covera
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PermeabilityThe property of a bulk
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ScourRemoval of underwater material
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SlopeThe degree of inclination to t
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Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)C
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ACRONYMSACES - Automated Coastal En
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NPS - Nonpoint SourceNRCS - Natural
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BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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