BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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2.2.2.3 Site limitations and Constraints ........................................................................... 2-132.2.3 Additional Data Gathering .......................................................................................................... 2-142.3 Projects 1 to 5 Acres and All Commercial Industrial Communications Utilities Sites(CICU) ....................................................................................................................................................... 2-172.3.1 Initial Data Gathering .................................................................................................................... 2-172.3.1.1 Land Use ......................................................................................................................... 2-172.3.1.2 Project Area Base Map ............................................................................................. 2-172.3.1.3 Parcel and Property Boundaries ........................................................................... 2-172.3.1.4 Topography Information .......................................................................................... 2-172.3.1.5 Precipitation Information ........................................................................................ 2-182.3.1.6 NRCS Soil Survey ........................................................................................................ 2-182.3.1.7 Land Capability Classification and Allowable Land Coverage ................ 2-202.3.1.8 Utilities ............................................................................................................................. 2-212.3.2 Initial Site Visit ................................................................................................................................. 2-212.3.2.1 Existing Site Conditions and Uses On-site ....................................................... 2-222.3.2.2 Complex On-site Hydrology ................................................................................... 2-262.3.2.3 Site Constrained Properties .................................................................................... 2-292.3.3 Additional Data Gathering for Design or Follow-Up Site Visits ................................. 2-292.3.3.1 On-site Constant Head Permeameter (CHP) or Percolation Test ........... 2-292.3.3.2 Soils Hydrologic report ............................................................................................. 2-302.3.3.3 Piezometer ..................................................................................................................... 2-302.3.3.4 Land Capability Verification/Land Coverage Verification .......................... 2-302.3.3.5 Topographic Survey ................................................................................................... 2-312.3.3.6 On-site Utility Verification ....................................................................................... 2-312.4 Projects Greater Than 5 Acres ...................................................................................................... 2-31CHAPTER 3: PERMANENT BMP PLANNING AND SELECTION ...................................................................... 3-13.1 Purpose and Organization of this Chapter ................................................................................ 3-13.2 Relationship of BMP Plan Development to Preferred Design Approach (PDA)...... 3-23.3 Project Scale and Complexity ......................................................................................................... 3-33.4 Projects Less Than 1 Acre and All Single Family Residential Projects ......................... 3-33.4.1 Standards and Regulations ............................................................................................................ 3-43.4.2 Pollutant Source Control ................................................................................................................ 3-43.4.2.1 Waste Management and Materials Pollution Prevention ........................... 3-53.4.2.2 Soil Stabilization ............................................................................................................. 3-53.4.3 Hydrologic Source Control ............................................................................................................. 3-73.4.4 Stormwater Collection and Conveyance................................................................................. 3-93.4.5 Stormwater Treatment ................................................................................................................. 3-103.5 Projects 1 to 5 Acres and All Commercial, Industrial, Communications and Utilities(CICU) Projects < 5 Acres ................................................................................................................. 3-113.5.1 Standards and Regulations ......................................................................................................... 3-143.5.2 Pollutant Source Control ............................................................................................................. 3-143.5.2.1 Waste Management and Materials Pollution Prevention ........................ 3-143.5.2.2 Roadway and Parking Lot Pollution Prevention ........................................... 3-173.5.2.3 Soil Stabilization .......................................................................................................... 3-193.5.3 Hydrologic Source Control .......................................................................................................... 3-213.5.4 Stormwater Collection and Conveyance.............................................................................. 3-23Table of ContentsTRPA BMP HandbookPage ii 2012
3.5.5 Stormwater Treatment ................................................................................................................. 3-253.5.5.1 Meet Discharge Standards ..................................................................................... 3-253.5.5.2 PreTreat Stormwater Runoff Prior to Infiltration ......................................... 3-253.6 Projects Greater Than 5 Acres and WQIPs ............................................................................. 3-263.6.1 Standards and Regulations ......................................................................................................... 3-263.6.1.1 Jurisdiction ..................................................................................................................... 3-273.6.1.2 Private Projects ............................................................................................................ 3-283.7 Inspection, Maintenance, and Monitoring .............................................................................. 3-283.8 Site Constraints and Limitations ................................................................................................. 3-293.8.1 Special circumstances if infiltration is not feasible ......................................................... 3-293.8.2 Common Site Constraints and Associated BMP Design Concepts ........................... 3-293.8.2.1 High Groundwater and Bedrock .......................................................................... 3-303.8.2.2 Utilities and Infrastructure ...................................................................................... 3-303.8.2.3 Run-On from Off-Site Upstream Locations ...................................................... 3-303.8.2.4 Shared Access and Easements, and Impervious Areas over MultipleParcel Ownerships ..................................................................................................... 3-313.8.2.5 Retaining Walls along Driveways and Roads ................................................ 3-313.8.2.6 Proximity to Drinking Water Wells ..................................................................... 3-313.8.2.7 100 Percent Imperviousness .................................................................................. 3-323.8.2.8 Stream Environment Zones (SEZs) ...................................................................... 3-333.9 Special Land Use Considerations ................................................................................................ 3-333.9.1 Scenic Highway Corridors ........................................................................................................... 3-333.9.2 Lakefront and Shorezone ............................................................................................................ 3-333.9.3 Wildland Urban Interface............................................................................................................. 3-333.9.4 Forest Service Summer Seasonal Use Only Designation .............................................. 3-343.9.5 Conservation and Recreation Areas ....................................................................................... 3-343.10 Temporary Construction BMPs ................................................................................................... 3-343.11 Agency BMP Inspections ............................................................................................................... 3-35CHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT .............................................................................................................................................14.1 Hydrologic Source Control ................................................................................................................... 14.1.1.1 Pervious Pavement ........................................................................................................... 14.1.1.2 Infiltration Basin ................................................................................................................. 14.1.1.3 Infiltration Trench .............................................................................................................. 14.1.1.4 SubSurface Infiltration System .................................................................................... 14.1.1.5 Rain Barrel and Cistern .................................................................................................... 14.1.1.6 Rain Garden .......................................................................................................................... 14.1.1.7 Filter Strip .............................................................................................................................. 14.2 Pollutant Source Control ...................................................................................................................... 14.2.1 Roadway and Parking Lot Pollutant Prevention ...................................................................... 14.2.1.1 Abrasive and Deicer Management ............................................................................ 14.2.1.2 Street Sweeping ................................................................................................................. 14.2.1.3 Snow Storage ...................................................................................................................... 14.2.2 Slope Stabilization ................................................................................................................................. 14.2.2.1 Vegetated Slope Stabilization ...................................................................................... 14.2.2.2 Terracing ................................................................................................................................ 14.2.2.3 Retaining Wall ..................................................................................................................... 1TRPA BMP HandbookTable of Contents2012 Page iii
Page 5 and 6: PREFACEThe Tahoe Regional Planning
Page 7: TABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE...........
Page 12 and 13: 6.3 Projects 1 to 5 Acres and all C
Page 14 and 15: 8.10.5 Maintenance ................
Page 16 and 17: Table 8-4: Federal, State and Regio
Page 18 and 19: Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated Swale .....
Page 20 and 21: INTRODUCTIONPURPOSE AND USERS OF TH
Page 22 and 23: Lake Tahoe’s world renowned blue
Page 24 and 25: Urbanization in the Lake Tahoe wate
Page 26 and 27: 50 percent of the light scattering
Page 28 and 29: Figure I-c: Impervious Cover versus
Page 30 and 31: Disconnected impervious areasdrain
Page 32 and 33: POLLUTANT EFFECT URBAN SOURCES ASSO
Page 34 and 35: BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICESHistorical
Page 36 and 37: Table I-2: Differences in BMP Retro
Page 38 and 39: CHAPTER 1: URBAN HYDROLOGY1.1 PURPO
Page 40 and 41: Figure 1-a: Runoff ProcessesTRPA BM
Page 42 and 43: Although many urbanized areas face
Page 44 and 45: watersheds to make the necessary es
Page 46 and 47: Pollutant load estimates are typica
Page 48 and 49: differ from the following recommend
Page 50 and 51: Figure 1-b: Hydrologic Processes an
Page 52 and 53: 1.3.3.2 NRCS BMP CALCULATION SPREAD
Page 54 and 55: 1.3.3.3 RATIONAL METHODMODEL SUMMAR
Page 56 and 57: 1.3.3.4 LOAD REDUCTION PLANNING TOO
Page 58 and 59:
in HMS may be event-based or contin
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1.3.3.6 POLLUTANT LOAD REDUCTION MO
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AVAILABILITY AND SUPPORTING DOCUMEN
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TYPICAL LEVEL OF EFFORTHSPF and LSP
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few days to a week of time to revie
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USACE studies recommended use of th
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during the initial site visit, or c
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Figure 2-a: Soil Horizons• Depth
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Evidence of compacted and disturbed
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UNMAPPED ROCK OUTCROPS, STEEP SLOPE
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The primary pollutants of concern o
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On the map use an arrow to delineat
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2.2.3 ADDITIONAL DATA GATHERINGAfte
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and allowable uses. Baseline Land C
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topographic survey will be required
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Table 2-3: Basis of Capability Clas
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Keep your property lean, clean,and
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treatment. This will reduce the mai
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ponds, wetlands, lakes, manmade cha
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2.3.3.2 SOILS HYDROLOGIC REPORTThe
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CHAPTER 3: PERMANENT BMP PLANNINGAN
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STORMWATER TREATMENTRepresents BMPs
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Table 3-1: Waste Management and Mat
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D. STABILIZE STEEP DISTURBED SLOPES
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This infiltration trench collects s
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3.5 PROJECTS 1 TO 5 ACRES AND ALL C
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This Page Blank.TRPA BMP HandbookCH
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unnecessary turf areas and replace
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Table 3-5: Waste Management and Mat
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3.5.2.3 SOIL STABILIZATIONA. RESTOR
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Left: Dripline erosion below a deck
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Pervious concrete parking pad locat
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3.5.5 STORMWATER TREATMENT3.5.5.1 M
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3.6.1.1 JURISDICTIONThese projects
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to perform required inspection and
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3.8.2.4 SHARED ACCESS AND EASEMENTS
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3.8.2.8 STREAM ENVIRONMENT ZONES (S
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Sediment versus erosion:Suspended s
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CONTENTSCHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT ....
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CHAPTER 4: BMP TOOLKIT4.1 HYDROLOGI
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4.1.1.1 PERVIOUS PAVEMENTAlternativ
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• Tree canopy overhead can decrea
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ate determined at the time of insta
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Figure 4.1-a: Pervious ConcreteTRPA
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4.1.1.2 INFILTRATION BASINAlternati
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groundwater, depths to restrictive
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Very few performance monitoring stu
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITI
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4.1.1.3 INFILTRATION TRENCHAlternat
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• Consult the NRCS Tahoe Basin So
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• Alternative Method: Excavate th
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Figure 4.1-c: Infiltration TrenchTR
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Figure 4.1-e: Roof Dripline Planter
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4.1.1.4 SUBSURFACE INFILTRATION SYS
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percent void space compared to 40 p
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• Ensure the surrounding surface
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4.1.1.5 RAIN BARREL AND CISTERNAlte
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• Position the rain barrel or cis
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4.1.1.6 RAIN GARDENAlternative Name
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• To manage high flows, design a
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4.1.1.7 FILTER STRIPAlternative Nam
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• The top of the vegetated filter
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Figure 4.1-i: Vegetated Filter Stri
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.2-a: Slope
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Chapter 4: BMP ToolkitTRPA BMP Hand
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• Obtain and use a road abrasive
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• Mechanical broom sweepers may a
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA signi
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for dry basins or infiltration basi
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• For unpaved snow storage areas
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Figure 4.2-a: Slope Stabilization A
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Disadvantages• Not always success
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• Bind together long live branch
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Brush Layering and MattingBrush lay
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Advantages• Reduces the erosion p
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Table 4.2-1: Terracing Inspection a
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Disadvantages• Can be complicated
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• Revegetate the backfilled bench
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Figure 4.2-d: Timber Retaining Wall
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Advantages• Versatile and applica
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Table 4.2-3: Riprap Inspection and
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educe the concentration of runoff,
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Figure 4.2-g: Slope Bottom BenchFig
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• Contour Furrows - relatively de
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APPLICABILITYAll roads, driveways,
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Stormwater runoff from a paved park
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Figure 4.2-k: Grading for Sheet Flo
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INORGANIC MULCH:• Areas where org
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• Stockpile and use existing orga
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The surface under the raised decksh
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Figure 4.2-l: Rock Armor - Elevated
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Clustered boulders used for parking
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• Helps to protect wildlife.• H
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EFFECTIVENESS CONSIDERATIONSA prope
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Improper storage of hazardous mater
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• Try to use the entire product b
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facilities must be equipped with ap
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• Dispose of it properly• Be a
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Disadvantages• Additional resourc
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• All hay, cubed hay, straw, mulc
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• Sanitary sewer regulations gene
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APPLICABILITYAll vehicles, includin
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• Do not perform other vehicle or
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LIST OF FIGURESFigure 4.3-a: Curb B
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APPLICABILITY• Culverts are appli
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deterioration. The inspection crew
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APPLICABILITY• Curb and gutters a
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Inst
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Figure 4.3-b: Rolled CurbChapter 4:
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Advantages• Prevents the discharg
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Table 4.3-2: Storm Drain Inspection
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Advantages• Prevents scour that m
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Figure 4.3-c: Outlet ProtectionChap
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• The structure can be designed t
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Disc
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Advantages• Assists in the contro
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Figure 4.3-e: Slotted Channel Drain
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Advantages• May be less expensive
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Table 4.3-5: A/C Swale Inspection a
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• Prevents property damage, slope
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Figure 4.3-g: Subsurface DrainChapt
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abrasives applied during the winter
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Table 4.3-7: Rock Lined and Vegetat
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Figure 4.3-i: Vegetated SwaleChapte
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Check dams installed in water sprea
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• Design check dams perpendicular
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CONTENTS4.4 Stormwater Treatment ..
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4.4 STORMWATER TREATMENTThe primary
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4.4.1.1 WET BASINAlternative Names:
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• Surcharge storage above the wet
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Table 4.4-1: Wet Basin Inspection a
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Figure 4.4-a: Wet Basin (Concept Dr
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4.4.1.2 BIOSWALEAlternative Names:
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• Consider incorporating trees or
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Figure 4.4-b: Bioswale (Linear Basi
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4.4.1.3 DRY BASINAlternative Names:
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• Drainage design standards for t
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Figure 4.4-c: Detention BasinTRPA B
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4.4.2 FLOW THROUGH TREATMENTFlow-th
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4.4.2.1 DROP INLET INSERTAlternativ
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INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS• Refe
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4.4.2.2 TRASH RACKAlternate Names:
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4.4.2.3 BAFFLED VAULTAlternative Na
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• Ensure that site conditions all
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4.4.2.4 HYDRODYNAMIC SEPARATORAlter
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• Most units are designed to be c
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4.4.2.5 MEDIA FILTERAlternate Names
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Cartridge Filter• Cartridge filte
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• Vent the system as for undergro
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4.4.2.6 SEDIMENT TRAPAlternative Na
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Regul
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Figure 4.4-e: Sediment TrapTRPA BMP
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CONTENTS4.5 Temporary BMPs for Cons
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4.5 TEMPORARY BMPS FOR CONSTRUCTION
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concrete washouts and stockpiles sh
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4.5.1.1 CONSTRUCTION PLANNING AND S
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• Measures to minimize the potent
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4.5.1.2 CONSTRUCTION BOUNDARY FENCI
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Figure 4.5-a: Construction Boundary
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4.5.1.3 DEWATERINGDESCRIPTIONDewate
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Figure 4.5-b: DewateringTRPA BMP Ha
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• Use this settled water to fill
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4.5.1.4 CLEAN WATER DIVERSIONAltern
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• Avoid disturbing aquatic specie
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• Pipe slope drain: A rigid pipe,
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Stream Isolation Techniques:• Tur
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Figure 4.5-f: Water DiversionTRPA B
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4.5.1.5 VEGETATION PROTECTIONAltern
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• Growing Space: Provide spacing
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Figure 4.5-g: Vegetation Protection
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4.5.1.6 TEMPORARY SANITATION FACILI
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4.5.1.7 DUST CONTROLAlternate Names
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• Blanket with geotextiles or veg
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4.5.1.8 VEHICLE INGRESS EGRESS MANA
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• If possible, re-use swept or va
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4.5.1.9 WINTERIZATIONDESCRIPTIONBet
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCEEnsure th
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4.5.1.10 CONSTRUCTION STAGINGAltern
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4.5.1.11 MATERIAL HANDLING STORAGE
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• Ensure that current Material Sa
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4.5.1.12 TOPSOIL SALVAGEAlternative
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• If topsoil will not be used for
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4.5.1.13 CONCRETE/BENTONITE MANAGEM
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Figure 4.5-i: Concrete Washout Stat
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4.5.1.14 STOCKPILE MANAGEMENTAltern
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Figure 4.5-j: Stockpile ManagementT
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4.5.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROLR
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4.5.2.1 SWEEPINGDESCRIPTIONDuring c
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4.5.2.2 DRAIN INLET PROTECTIONAlter
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inches. Take care to ensure that no
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Figure 4.5-k: Drain Inlet Protectio
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4.5.2.3 FIBER ROLLAlternative Names
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• Adjust spacing of fiber rolls a
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Figure 4.5-l: Fiber RollsTRPA BMP H
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4.5.2.4 SILT FENCEAlternative Names
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• Turn the fabric uphill at the e
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Figure 4.5-m: Silt FenceTRPA BMP Ha
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4.5.2.5 EROSION CONTROL BLANKET SYS
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structures mark the boundaries of t
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Figure 4.5-p: Anchoring Geotextiles
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4.5.2.6 HYDROMULCH, TACKIFIER, AND
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INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE• Hydro
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5.2 SOILSoil is a complex living sy
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Tilling green wood chips intothe so
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areas such as SEZs and in shorezone
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Large boulders provide permanent ve
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To address this TRPA’s Regional P
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to apply ½ inch of water. Water yo
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Pesticides can be degraded by sunli
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5.3.2.5 FIRE DEFENSIBLE SPACEFire d
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etween them. For example, shrubs wi
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5.4 PROJECT SCALE REQUIREMENTSSoil
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5.4.1.5 PROJECT INSTALLATIONA. CONT
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percent vegetative cover, soil surf
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TRPA Revegetation Plan TemplateSoil
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(c) GRADING AND SLOPE SHAPINGDescri
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TRPA Revegetation Plan ExampleSoil
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• All machinery must be clean bef
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Common NameScientific NameScotchbro
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during dry weather. All debris, roo
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substantially different that the pe
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TRPA BMP HandbookCHAPTER 5: Soil an
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Fertilizer Management PlanProject N
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IV. MONITORINGSurface and groundwat
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I. PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTIONGold
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Table 5-1: Description of Revegetat
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SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTS
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SITE TYPE RECOMMENDED SPECIES LISTW
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CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
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TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
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TRPA APPROVED PLANT SPECIES ATTRIBU
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CHAPTER 5: Soil and Vegetation Mana
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• Section 6.2 describes methods f
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equirements. At a minimum, training
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Vactor equipment removes sediment a
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Industrial Properties, Marinas, and
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• Rinse the rock with hose water
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EXAMPLE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE
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MONITORING PLAN TEMPLATE1. TITLE PA
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MONITORING, INSPECTION, ANDMAINTENA
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Sample Site123 Main StreetSouth Lak
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3. MONITORINGIn 2011, South Lake Ta
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ATTACHMENT BWATER QUALITY DATA
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ATTACHMENT DINSPECTION AND MAINTENC
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• Discharge of stormwater from in
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PAVING SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL PR
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TRPA Shorezone permit (www.trpa.org
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CHAPTER 8: SHOREZONE PROTECTIVESTRU
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technical guidance on structural an
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Pope has developed a shorezone miti
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ADVANTAGES• Protect parcel develo
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Table 8-3: Categorical Classificati
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generate observable changes in the
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Table 8-5: The General Geomorphic C
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8.1.8.2 TOLERANCE DISTRICT AND BACK
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Figure 8-e: Option 2—Backshore De
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Scenic Resources and project compli
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8.2 BULKHEADS AND LAKE WALLS8.2.1 O
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oth the beach immediately fronting
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Like all BMPs, bulkheads and lake w
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For a bulkhead located such that th
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Figure 8-i: Typical Lake Wall (Grav
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Table 8-9: Advantages and Disadvant
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maintains its position under wave s
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8.3.4 INSTALLATIONAs with bulkheads
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Table 8-11: Advantages and Disadvan
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V t ≥ 5R c2(Equation 4.1)Where:Vt
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8.5 BEACH NOURISHMENT AND REPLENISH
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of not being able to protect the ba
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• The material must be washed to
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nourishment will be determined by m
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8.7 BREAKWATERS8.7.1 OVERVIEWBreakw
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The procedure for determining armor
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8.8 SHOREZONE VEGETATION8.8.1 OVERV
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vegetation. Protecting a tree from
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Overall, dredging can be either a p
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The Pneuma pump is a piece of dredg
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nature of the project and the poten
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8.10 TURBIDITY CURTAINS8.10.1 OVERV
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weights or connected firmly to sand
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Figure 8-o: Turbidity Curtain Desig
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Aquatic invasive species (AIS) also
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tanks into a sewage retention and/o
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• A common problem with recreatio
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8.12 BOAT RAMP CONSTRUCTION AND VEH
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amp at the change of grade. A V-gro
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Figure 8-p: Boat Ramp DesignTRPA BM
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Table 8-22: Overview of Geotechnica
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8.14 SHOREZONE PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE
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8.14.2 ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FO
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some designated boundary or sphere
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spawning grounds and juvenile nurse
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Marine Science, School of Geoscienc
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Osborne, R.H., et. Al. (1985). Sedi
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8.16 APPENDICES8.16.1 DESIGN CALCUL
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Figure 8-r defines the primary wave
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8.16.1.2 WAVE RUN-UP FORMULA FOR BA
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• Use Equation 16.10 to calculate
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Figure 8-u: Design Wave CasesTRPA B
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Figure 8-v: Wave Setup and Run-Up f
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Alternative methods of wave calcula
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GLOSSARYAccretionMay be either a na
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eaches have no berm, others have se
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DensityMass (in kg) per unit of vol
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Fire Defensible SpaceRefers to the
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Common terms related to land covera
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PermeabilityThe property of a bulk
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ScourRemoval of underwater material
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SlopeThe degree of inclination to t
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Technical Advisory Committee (TAC)C
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ACRONYMSACES - Automated Coastal En
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NPS - Nonpoint SourceNRCS - Natural
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BEsT MANAGEMENT PRACTICEs HANDbooK - Tahoe BMP

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