IN THE BUBBLE JOHN THACKARA - witz cultural

freely, gain access, communicate, trade and establish relationships without sacrificing
other essential human or ecological values today or in the future.’’ World Business
Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD), ed., Mobility 2030: Meeting the
Challenges to Sustainability (Geneva: WBCSD, 2004).
31. Two research scientists in Austria have compiled statistics for all four of the principal
motorized modes of transportation through time: trains, buses, automobiles
and high-speed transport (aircraft and high-speed trains). Andrea Schaefer and David
G. Victor, The Past and Future of Global Mobility (Laxenburg, Austria: International Institute
for Applied Systems Analysis, 1997).
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
Notes to Pages 60–67 243
34. Tor Norretranders, The User Illusion: Cutting Consciousness Down to Size (New
York: Viking, 1998), 143.
35. John Gray, Straw Dogs: Thoughts on Humans and Animals (London: Granta, 2002),
144.
36. Hubert Dreyfus, ‘‘Telepistemology: Descartes’s Last Stand,’’ in The Robot in the
Garden: Telerobotics and Telepistemology in the Age of the Internet, ed. Ken Goldberg
(Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2000), 48–63.
37. Further information about the Faraway project and its applications is available at
http://www.ifonly.org.
38. See the eRENA website (http://www.nada.kth.se/erena/) for additional information
about the project.
39. One of the pioneers in this field is Rebecca Allen, a senior research scientist who
directs the Liminal Devices group at Media Lab Europe (see her biography at http://
www.medialabeurope.org/people/bio.php?id=7). Allen’s work crosses the boundaries
of art, design, and science, and she has collaborated with artists such as Kraftwerk,
Devo, Peter Gabriel, Twyla Tharp, and La Fura dels Baus.
40. Cyrano Sciences (http://cyranosciences.com/) describes itself as ‘‘the nose-chip
company’’ and promises, ‘‘we digitize smell.’’
41. A website called Presence-Research.org (http://www.presence-research.org/) contains
up-to-date and relevant information and resources on (tele-)presence, which it
defines as ‘‘the subjective experience of ‘being there’ in mediated environments such
as virtual reality, simulators, cinema, television, etc.’’
42. Judith Donath, ‘‘Being Real: Questions of Tele-identity,’’ in The Robot in the
Garden: Telerobotics and Telepresence in the Age of the Internet, ed. Ken Goldberg (Cambridge,
Mass.: MIT Press, 2000), 296–311.